Susan M.

Pojer
Ho race Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
The Geography of Iran
Iranian Oil Resources
 Dr. Mohammad Mossadegh,
Prime Minister of Iran
 Became Prime Minister
in 1951.
 Nationalized the
fo reign oil companies.
 Got rid of co rrupt
military officials.
 Was toppled in a coup
aided by the America
CIA in 1953.
 The Shah of Iran
returns to power.
Q4
Shah Reza Pahlavi
(r. 1941 – 1977)

 Institutes Western
refo rms & ties with
the West .

But, the majo rity of
his people live in
poverty.

Brutal suppression Q5
The Shah
& His
Wi
fe, Farah

Iranian elite/upper- and

intellectual classes: very
pro-Western.
 “The White Revolution”
The Shah’s Refo rm Program
(1963)
1. Land refo rm – 90% of Iran’s peasants became
land
own
ers.
2. Massive government-financed heavy industry
projects.
3. Granted women mo re political power – the
right to vote.
4. Poured government
mon
ey into education – especially in rural areas
where illiteracy was very high.
The Shah at Geo rge
Washington’s Home,
1950s
The Shah with Several
American Presidents
The Shah with President
Jimmy Carter
 Reasons fo r the
Fall of the Shah
 The Shah spent the oil profits fo r top of the
lin
e
American military hardware.

 Little
mon
ey to reinvest back into the Iranian economy.

 Religious leaders angry with the Shah fo r too much

“Westernization.”

 Government co rruption.
Anti-Shah
Protests
 The Shah’s Chief
Oppon
ents?
1. Oil field wo rkers.

2. Students and other intellectuals.

3. Middle class
busin
essmen.

4. Iranian nationalists.
Q6
Anti-American Pin
(1960s)
Iranian Students
Protest in
Beverley Hills
 Anarchy & Revolution

The Shah leaves Iran on 1/16/79.

 Ayatollah Khomeini
Leads the Revolution

Khomeini returns to Iran

on February 11, 1979.
Q7
Ayatollah Khomeini
(r. 1979-1989)
 1902 – 1989.

Became an Islamic scholar

(studied in Qom).

Began to speak out against
the Shah in the 1960s.
 Arrested and
imprison
ed
Triumphant Muslim Clerics
& Iranian Soldiers

A theocracy is created!
Q8
SAVAK Suspects Taken
The Fate of the Shah’s
Gen
erals
 Iran Revolutionary
Poster

When the devil leaves, the angel

returns!
American Embassy in
Tehran Taken Over

Q9
 52 Americans Held
Hostage fo r 444 Days!
 President Carter
Becomes a Hostage, Too
Hostage Rescue Disaster
52 American Hostages
Released in Jan., 1981
The Khomeini Revolution
 Women in Iran

A woman’s hijab
represents her Islamic
and mo ral values.
Political Cartoon
Commentary

The dictato rshi p is

gon
 Suppo rt fo r the
Palestinian Cause
Funds Hamas and
Hezbollah.

The Ayatollah with

Yasir Arafat.
The Iran-Iraq War
(1980-1988)

Q10
The Iran-Iraq War:
Taking Sides
 Secretary Rumsfeld
& Saddam Hussein: 1983
 Iraqi Soldiers
At the Front

 375,000 Iraqi casualties & 60,000 POWs!

Iranian Soldiers

 Over 1,000,000
Iranian casualties!

Q11
Khomeini’s Death
(Jun
e, 1989)
 Iranian Supreme
Leader Ayatollah Ali
Khamen
ei

The Ayatollah represents the

fundamentalist Mullahs.
 Ayatollah Khatami

The Ayatollah is considered a

political moderate.
Q12
 Suppo rt fo r the
Shi’ites in Iraq Today

Moqtada al-Sadr, radical Shi’ite

leader in Fallujah, Iraq
 Another Nuclear
Power?

US satellite photo of Iranian

nuclear facility
n
ear Arak.
An American view of
Iranian nuclear power

PINOCCHIAYATOLLAH
Scott Stantis
 A view of Iran’s nuclear
power from Al-Jazeerah

Nobody else (particularly

Iran and Arab countries) should have nuclear
weapons except Israel, says
Another Future
Revolution?
 A “Shah” in the
Waiting?

Reza Pahlavi (III?),

43 year-old son of the deposed Shah.
 Bibliography
 “23 Year Picto rial Histo ry of Iran.”

http://home.att.n
et/~iranshahr/
 “Iranian.com.”
www.iranian.com/Revolution/war.html.
 “Iran Hostage Anniversary.” CBS News.

www.cbsn
ews.com/sto ries/2001/01/18/