ELEMENTS OF

1.  the way poems talk to the readers

 Who is the speaking persona?
V
Lyric poems
O Narrative poem
express the
I feelings of the
tells a story.
C writer.
E
 Other types of voice
Mask: Apostrophe: Conversation:
Puts on the Talks to A dialogue
identify of something that between two
someone or cannot answer voices
something else,
and speaks for
it.
 Group within a poem which may have two
2. or more lines
ST Couplet: Tercet: Quatrain:
AN A stanza Composed of Consists of four
ZA that has three lines lines
two lines.
Cinquain:
Sestet: Consists of five
Sonnet: 6 lines lines
14 Lines
C
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C
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et
T
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Q
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C
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S
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SO
NN
ET
3.  Rhyme:
Sounds that
SO
agree
UN
D
3.
SO  Repetition:
UN Word or
D phrase is used
more than
once
  Refrain: Lines repeated in the same way
3. regularly in a poem
SO
UN
D
  Alliteration: Repetition of the same
3. consonant sounds at the beginning of words
SO within line
UN
D
3.
SO  Onomatopoeia:
Words or phrases
UN that sound like
D the things they
are describing
  Consonance: Consonants sounds repeated at
3. the end of the words in a line
SO
UN
D
  Assonance: Vowels sounds repeated within in
3. words in a line
SO
UN
D
4.  Meter: When you speak, you don’t say
everything in a steady tone. Instead, you
RH
stress parts of words.
YT
H Trimeter: Tetrameter: Pentameter:
M Three Beats Four Beats Five Beats
4. Trimeter: Three Beats
RH
The idle life I lead
YT
Is like a pleasant sleep,
H Wherein I rest and heed
M The dreams that by me sweep.
From Robert Frost
4. Tetrameter: Four Beats
RHWITH the | ODors | OF the | FORest,
YT WITH the | DEW and | DAMP of | MEAdows,"
From Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's "The
H Song of Hiawatha"
M Pentameter: Five Beats
"Nor FRIENDS | nor FOES, | to ME | welCOME | you ARE:
Things PAST | redRESS | are NOW | with ME | past CARE." –
From William Shakespeare's "Richard II" (Act II, Scene 3)
5. FIGURES OF SPEECH

 Simile: Comparison
using “as” or “like”
5. FIGURES OF SPEECH
 Metaphor:
Comparison
without using
“as” or “like”
5. FIGURES OF SPEECH
 Personification:
Giving human
traits to non-living
things
6. Poetic Forms
 Ballad: Composed of four lines with a
refrain. Meant to be sung.
6. Poetic Forms
 Haiku: Short poem with seventeen syllables,
usually written in three lines with five syllables
in the first line, seven in the second line, and
five in the third. It originated in Japan.
 Cinquain: A five-line poem with two syllables in
the first line, four in the second, six in the
third, eight in the fourth, and two in the fifth. It
expresses one image or thought, in one or
possibly two sentences.
 Limerick: A five-line
poem, usually meant
to be funny
 Sonnet: Poem
with 14 lines
 Free Verse:
Does not
rhyme and has
no meter
 Concrete: Is a
picture poem, in
which the visual
shape of the poem
contributes to its
meaning
Line 1 thee A
Line 2 so B
Line 3 overthrow B
Line 4 me A
Line 5 be A
Line 6 flow B
Line 7 go B
Line 8 delivery A
Line 9 men C
Line 10 dwell D
Line 11 well D
Line 12 then C
Line 13 eternally A
Line 14 die E
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