A Presentation

on
Project Review-II

Use of bacillus bacteria in self filling concrete

By
Ms. Aishwarya Dagade
Ms. Mrunalini Mujumale
Ms. Pooja Shendkar
Mr. Ajay kawale

Guide
Prof. A.G. Shelake
Department of Civil Engineering,
STES’s RMD Sinhgad School of Engineering, Warje, Pune. 58

Savitribai Phule Pune University 2018 1

 Contents
 Problem Statement
 Hypothesis
 Aim and Objectives
 Introduction
 Literature Survey
 Methodology
 Discussion
 Conclusion
 References

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 Problem statement
• The maintenance of cracks and repairing of them is expensive and

time consuming process. So, for sustainable development, it is

needed to increase the durability of concrete.

• Adding calcium lactate as a food with bacillus family in concrete to

fill the cracks gives strength to concrete. The main aim of this

project is to provide bacillus family bacteria (Escherichia coli,

Bacillus Sphaericus) with sugar as a food and check desirability of

concrete.

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 Hypothesis
• Even the family of bacteria is same as bacillus, each individual bacteria
gives different property. (ex. Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cohnii, Bacillus
Sphaericus, Escherichia coli)

• Adding calcium lactate as a food and adding sugar as a food for bacteria
in concrete reacts separately.

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 Aim and Objectives
 The Aim-
To carry out changes in properties of self filling concrete by adding
Sugar as a food to various bacteria’s.

 Objectives-
1. Concrete mix design as by considering bacteria content
2. To find the optimum dosage of bacteria required for self filling
concrete.
3. To find out best dosage of sugar to improve properties.
4. To carry out cost analysis of bacterial cost and conventional concrete
comparatively.
5. Observe change in properties of concrete such as compressive
strength, Tensile strength and flexural strength.
6. To find out changes in properties of self filling concrete by giving
sugar as a food.

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 INTRODUCTION
• Concrete is a material which is the most widely used building material
in the world. Natural processes such as weathering, faults, land
subsidence, earthquakes, and human activities creates cracks in
concrete structures. Concrete expands and shrinks with changes in
moisture and temperature and this tendency to shrink and expands
causes cracks in concrete.
• We do not like cracks in concrete because cracks form an open pathway
to the reinforcement and can lead to durability problems like
corrosion of the steel bars.
• The "Bacterial Concrete" is a concrete which can be made by adding
bacteria in the concrete that are able to constantly precipitate calcite,
this phenomenon is called microbiologically induced calcite
precipitation.
• Self filling property of bacterial concrete can repair cracks without any
human intervention.
• The selection of the bacteria is depend on the survive capability of
bacteria in the alkaline environment. Most of the microorganisms die in
an environment with pH value of 10 or above.
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• Self filling property of bacterial concrete can repair cracks without any
human intervention.
• Strains of the bacteria genus Bacillus will be found to succeed in high
alkaline environment. The bacteria survive in the high alkaline environment
that formed spores comparable to the plant seeds. The spores are of very
thick wall and they activated when concrete start cracking and water
transude into the structure. The pH of the highly alkaline concrete lowers to
the values in the range 10 to 11.5 where the bacterial spores become
activated. There many bacteria other then Bacillus which are survive in the
alkaline environment as follows.
1. Bacillus pasteurizing
2. Bacillus Subtilis
3. Bacillus Sphaerious
4. Bacillus cohnii
5. Bacillus pseuodofirmus
6. Bacillus balodurans
7. Escherichia coli
8. Myxococcus Xanthus
9. Halomonasrurihalina

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 Literature survey
Title of paper with author
Bacterial concrete: A review
Magudeaswaran P
A Review Paper on Self
healing Concrete
Salmabanu Luhar, Suthar
Gourav
21-09-2018
Source Findings
Research gate This paper is an attempt to
February 2017 define bacterial concrete, types
and classification of micro
organisms, working of bio
concrete as a repair material,
advantages and disadvantages of
bacterial concrete and
applications by literature review
are discussed
Journal of Civil For gaining the best result in this
Engineering Research paper a mathematical model was
2015 introduced to study the stress-
strain behavior of bacteria which
was used to improve the strength
of concrete
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 Title of paper with Author
Strength And Durability assessment Of
Bacteria Based Self-healing Concrete
Meera C. M., Dr. Subha V
Variation of Strength Parameters of
Bacterial Concrete with Different Cell
Concentration
Mr. Sudarshan Kulkarni, Tejas Doshi
A Review of Self-healing Concrete
Research Development
Amirreza Talaiekhozan, Ali Keyvanfar,
Arezo Shafaghat, Ramin Andalib, M.Z
Abd Majid, Mohamad Ali Fulazzaky,
Rosli Mohamad Zin, Chew Tin Lee,
Mohd Warid Hussin, Norhaliza
Hamzah, Nur Fatimah Marwar, H.I.
Haida
21-09-2018
Source
IOSR Journal of
Mechanical and Civil
Engineering (IOSR-
JMCE)
2016
IJSRD - International
Journal for Scientific
Research & Development
2016
Journal of Environmental
Treatment Techniques
2014
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Findings
An investigation on the strength assessment
of the bacteria-based self-healing concrete
by finding out the optimum amount of
bacterial content to be added to obtain
maximum strength is depicted in this paper.
the calcifying bacteria E. coli is induced in
concrete as self - repairing agent in
different cell concentrations. The strength
parameters of bacterial concrete with
variation in cell concentration of bacteria
along with 40% M-Sand substitution by
weight to natural sand are determined and
results are compared with strength
parameters of normal concrete
The review presents a new insight into the
research for the treatment of unexpected
cracking of concrete. The information
presented in this paper can be considered
significant for biotechnologists and
bioprocess engineers to have
comprehensive updates on the current
status-quo of self-healing concrete.
9
 Title of Paper with author
Behaviour of Bacterial
Concrete as Self healing
Material
Mohit Goyal, P. Krishna
Chaitanya
SELF-HEALING MATERIAL
BACTERIAL CONCRETE
Ravindranatha, N. Kannan,
Likhit M. L
Bacterial Concrete: New Era
For Construction Industry
Mayur Shantilal Vekariya,
Prof. Jayeshkumar Pitroda
17-09-2019
Source
International Journal of
Emerging Technology and
Advanced Engineering
2015
IJRET: International Journal
of Research in Engineering
and Technology
International Journal of
Engineering Trends and
Technology (IJETT)
2013
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Findings
laboratory investigations
were carried out to compare
the different parameters of
bacterial concrete with
ordinary concrete and
concrete in which cement
was partially replaced with
Fly Ash and GGBS
A comparison study was
made with concrete cubes
and beams subjected to
compressive and flexural
strength tests with and
without the bacterium
chemical process to fix the
crack by bacteria,
possibilities of application of
MICP (Microorganism used
for Calcium Carbonate
Precipitation in Concrete) in
construction area 10
 Methodology
A) Specimen casting and curing
• The mix design of the concrete specimen were prepared in accordance to
the guidelines mentioned in IS 10262-2009. Ordinary concrete specimen
mixes were designed using cement, water, coarse aggregate and fine
aggregate only.
B) Preparation of Bacterial Culture
• Initially, 25 grams of LB broth (Luria Bertani Broth Miller) was added in 1
liter of distilled water and mixed well so that no solid particles could be
seen. The flasks were plugged with cotton and covered with paper before
tying it with a rubber band so that it could be sterilized by boiling up to 100
degree Celsius. The bacteria were extracted from the bacterial colonies
with the help of inoculation loop from the Petri dish. This bacteria was then
transferred to conical flask, shaken well and plugged back again
(inoculation). After inoculation the flasks were shaken overnight in a rotary
shaker and the liquid inside turns turbid, thus, indicating the presence of
bacteria.

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 Flow chart

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Sr no. Month Name of activity

1 August Concentrating on problem statement and

objective
2 September Literature survey

3 October Casting of concrete cube of as per concrete

mix design with specific dosage
4 November Testing of concrete cube

5 December Casting of concrete cubes as per concrete mix

design with another dosage
6 January Testing of concrete cube

7 February Preparation of results and conclusion-

discussion
8 March Publication of 1 research paper and starting of
final report
9 April Finalization of report

10 may Completion of project

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 Discussion
Self filling concrete is a product that will biologically produce limestone to
heal cracks that appear on the surface of concrete structures. Specially selected
types of bacteria genus, bacillus, along with calcium based nutrient known as
calcium lactate and nitrogen and phosphorous are added to the ingredients of
the concrete when it is being mixed. These self filling agents can lie dormant
within the concrete for up to 200 years. However, when a concrete structure is
damaged and water starts to seep through the cracks that appear in the
concrete, the spores of the bacteria, germinate on contact with water and
nutrients. Having been activated, the bacteria start to feed on the calcium
lactate. As the bacteria feeds oxygen is consumed and the soluble calcium
lactate is converted to insoluble limestone. The limestone solidifies on the
cracked surface, thereby sealing it up. As the oxygen is consumed by bacteria
in the process, it prevents corrosion of the embedded reinforcement and thus
the durability of the steel increases.
On the surface of control concrete, Calcium Carbonate will be formed due to
the reaction of CO2 present with Calcium Hydroxide present in the concrete
matrix

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17-09-2019 Savitribai Phule Pune University 2018 15
 Conclusion
1. Problem statement and methodologies are finalized and accordingly the
next work will start onwards.

2. Literature survey is done and with that literature survey summary is

written.

3. Tests which are going to taken are finalized.

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 References
1. Bacterial concrete: A review by Research gate -Magudeaswaran Dr.NGP Institute of
Technology
2. A review paper on self filling concrete by JOCR- Salmabanu Luhar, Suthar Gourav
Research Scholar,Malaviya National Institute of Technology,Jaipur
U.G. Student,Civil Engineering Department, Jaipur
3. Strength And Durability assessment Of Bacteria Based Selffilling Concrete by IOSR
Meera C. M. , Dr. Subha V. (Department of Civil Engineering, Sree Narayana
Gurukulam College of Engineering, India) (Department of Civil Engineering, SOE,
Cochin University of Science and Technology, India)
4. Bioconcrete: next generation of self-filling concrete Mostafa Seifan , Ali Khajeh
Samani, Aydin Berenjian School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering,
The University of WaikatoHamilton, New Zealand.
5. A Review on Bacteria - Based Self-filling Concrete by IJIR S.Dinesh, R.Shanmugapriyan &
S. T. Namitha Sheen Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering,Sri
Ramakrishna Institute of Technology, Coimbatore - 641010, India. PG Student,
Department of Civil Engineering, Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Technology, Coimbatore-
641010, India.

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6. Behaviour of Bacterial Concrete as Self filling Material by IJETAE Mohit Goyal, P.
Krishna Chaitanya B.E, Department of Civil Engineering, MIT, Manipal, India
7. A Review of Self-filling Concrete Research Development by JOETT Amirreza
Talaiekhozan, Ali Keyvanfar, Arezo Shafaghat, Ramin Andalib, M.Z Abd Majid, Mohamad
Ali Fulazzaky, Rosli Mohamad Zin, Chew Tin Lee, Mohd Warid Hussin, Norhaliza
Hamzah, Nur Fatimah Marwar, H.I. Haidar
8. Variation of Strength Parameters of Bacterial Concrete with Different Cell
Concentration Mr. Sudarshan Kulkarni, Tejas Doshi, P.G. Student,Professor Department
of Civil EngineeringKLE's Dr. M.S.Sheshgiri College of Engineering and Technology,
Belagavi, Karnataka, India.

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...Thank
You...

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