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What is Personal Development?
• Covers activities that improve
awareness and identity,
develop talents and potential,
build human capital and
facilitate employability,
enhance quality of life and
contribute to the realization of
dreams and aspirations.
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 LESSON 1
Knowing Oneself

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 Objective
Understanding
oneself DURING
middle and late
adolescence
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 Content Standard

The learners demonstrate

an understanding of
himself/herself during
middle and late
adolescence.
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Performance Standard

The learners shall be able

to conduct self-
exploration and simple
disclosure.
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Learning Competencies
The learners...
1.1 explain that knowing oneself can make a
person accept his/her strengths and
limitations and dealing with others better
(EsP-PD11/12KO-Ia-1.1)

1.2 share his/her unique characteristics,

habits, and experiences (EsP-PD11/12KO- Ia-1.2)

1.3 maintain a journal (EsP-PD11/12KO-Ia-1.3)

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Lesson 1: Knowing Oneself
1. Understanding the Self
2. Idealized Self & Actual Self
3.Healthy Well-being

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Unjumble
the
jumbled
word/s
LSSILK
SLKISL
SKILLS
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ANDETEORTMINI

TDETENRINMAOI

DETERMINATION
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SEPXREIECEN
EXPERIENCES

EXPERIENCES
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LFES-FCOENIENDC

FELS-CODINICEFEN

SELF-CONFIDENCE

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DKNEGOWEL
KEWNELDOG

KNOWLEDGE
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AGINGMAN STERSS

NAMINGGA SRESTS

MANAGING STRESS

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CERSPISTEEN
SISEPTENCER

PERSISTENCE
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TREACAVITY
REACTIVITY

CREATIVITY
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 SELF
• Is the union of element
namely: Body, thoughts,
feeling or emotions, and
sensations that constitute
the individuality and identity
of a person.
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 Why is knowing yourself so
important?
• Well, it is because the knowing and
understanding yourself part would help you to
make much better decisions, it will improve
your decision making habits.

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 “Knowing
yourself is the
beginning of all
wisdom”
BY ARISTOTLE
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Caught In The Rain
 Not everything in life is
predictable. We’re always getting
hit by surprises, emergencies,
and unforeseen disasters without
any chance to prepare ourselves
mentally. Surprises by any kind
can be stressful – an unexpected
proposal just as much as sudden
breakup. There are too many
things we can’t predict or control;
that’s one of the reasons we all
tend to develop habits and
patterns to live.
 You are walking outside when a hard
rain suddenly begins to fall. Even if you
run full speed, you’re still about five
minutes from your destination. Which
of the following best describes your
choice of action?
1. “Id find an awning or tree to stand
under and wait for the rain to stop.”
2. “I don’t know how long it’s going to
keep raining, so I’d run to where I’m
going as fast as I could.”
3. “I’d see if there was anybody around
with an umbrella I could share or a
store where I could buy one.”
4. “I always have a folding umbrella in
my bag when I go out, so I’d just use
that.”
 Interpretation
The rain-storm represent
unforeseeable and uncontrollable
forces in life. Specifically, your
answer shows how you tend to
react when a fight breaks out
between you and a loved one or
friend.
 “Id find an awning or tree to stand
under and wait for the rain to stop.”

 You are the

type who waits
for the other
side in a fight
to cool off
before trying to
settle your
differences.
“I don’t know how long it’s going to keep
raining, so I’d run to where I’m going as
fast as I could.”

You don’t care

about the end result
of a fight so much
as getting to speak
your mind. You’re
sure you’re right,
and there’s no
sense in arguing the
point.
“I’d see if there was anybody around
with an umbrella I could share or a store
where I could buy one.”

You don’t like

conflict and
confrontations, so
you try to smooth
things over and
calm the other
person down
whenever a fight
breaks out.
“I always have a folding umbrella in
my bag when I go out, so I’d just use
that.”

You think you

have an answer
to every
accusation, a
justification for
every fault.
 How can understanding
yourself pave the way to
self acceptance and better
relationship with others?

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Activity 1:
SELF-CONCEPT INVENTORY

Take a look at your own self-concept and

answer the following self-concept inventory
in your journal.
(Fiangan, R.C. et.al (2016). Personality Development. Wise Ideas
Publishing Co. Baguio City. pp. 04-05)

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 SELF-CONCEPT
Generally used to refer to how
someone thinks above, evaluates
or perceives themselves.

To be aware of oneself is
to have a concept of oneself.
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 “The individual’s belief about
themselves, including the person’s
attributes and who the self is”.

-Baumeister, 1999

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 Imagine yourself
looking into a mirror.

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 What do you see?

Do you see your ideal self

or
your actual self?
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 2 Broad Categories of
Self Concept

1. Ideal self
2. Actual self

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 Ideal-self
The person who we would like
to be.
It is an idealized image that we have
developed over time, based on what we have
learned and experienced.

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 Ideal Self
The ideal self could include
components of what our
parents have taught us,
what we admire in others,
what our society promotes,
and what we think is in our
best interest.
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 Actual Self
Who we actually are.

The ideal self could include components

of what our parents have taught us, what
we admire in others, what our society
promotes, and what we think is in our best
interest.

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 Actual Self
It is built on self-knowledge.

Self-knowledge is
derived from social
interactions that provide
insight into how others
react to you.
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 There is negotiation that exists
between the two selves which is
complex because there are numerous
exchanges between the ideal and actual
self.

These exchanges are exemplified in

social roles that are adjusted and re-
adjusted, and are derived from outcomes of
social interactions from infant to adult
development.

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 Alignment is important
If the way that I am (the actual self) is
aligned with the way that I want to be
(the ideal self), then I will feel a
sense of mental well-being or peace
of mind.

If the way that I am is not aligned

with how I want to be, the
incongruence, or lack of alignment,
will result in mental
distress or anxiety.
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The greater the level of
incongruence between the ideal self
and real self, the greater the level of
resulting distress.

Personal development modules

ultimate aim is greater self-
knowledge that will lead to higher
alignment between these two
personality domains.
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 Knowing yourself
is the beginning of
all wisdom.
-Aristotle

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Personal Effectiveness
Personal effectiveness means making use of
all the personal resources – talents, skills,
energy and time, to enable you to achieve
life goals.
Your knowledge of yourself and how you
manage yourself impacts directly on your
personal effectiveness.
Being self-aware, making the most of your
strengths, learning new skills and
techniques and behavioral flexibility
are all keys to improving your personal
performance.45
Personal Effectiveness
Our personal effectiveness depends on
our innate characteristics – talent and
experience accumulated in the process of
personal development.

Talents first are needed to be identified

and then developed to be used in a
particular subject area (literature, sports,
politics, etc.). are all keys to improving
your personal performance.

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Personal Effectiveness
Experience includes knowledge and skills that we
acquire in the process of cognitive and practical
activities.
Knowledge is required for setting goals, defining
an action plan to achieve them and risk
assessment.
Skills also determine whether real actions are
performed in accordance with the plan.

If the same ability is used many times

in the same situation, then it becomes a
habit that runs automatically,
subconsciously.
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Skills that will greatly
increase efficiency
1. Determination
2. Self-confidence
3. Persistence
4. Managing stress
5. Problem solving
6. Creativity
7. Generating ideas 48
BUILD ON YOUR STRENGTHS AND
WORK ON YOUR WEAKNESSES
Most failures emanate from weaknesses
that are not recognized or probably
recognized but not given appropriate
attention or remedy.

This could be a weakness in communications,

personality or ability.
Instead of giving up or indulging in self-
pity, take action.
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BUILD ON YOUR STRENGTHS AND
WORK ON YOUR WEAKNESSES

Instead of simply focusing on your

weaknesses, recognize your own
talents and abilities, build on them,
utilize them to your greatest
advantage.
This is where you can build your
name and popularity.
Source: Roldan, Amelia S. 2003. On Becoming a Winner: A Workbook
on Personality Development and Character Building. AR Skills 50
Slide 2
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End of lesson 1:
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Knowing Oneself