Advanced Technologies

In concrete
 INTRODUCTION
Concrete is the world‘s most versatile, durable
and reliable construction material. Next to
water, Concrete most used material, which
required large quantity of portland cement.
Ordinary portland cement is the second only to
the to the major generator of carbon di oxide ,
which polluted the atmosphere. In addition to
that large amount of energy was also cement
production . Hence, it is inevitable to find an
alternative material to the existing most
expensive, most resource consuming Portland
cement
 Type Of Technologies
• Geopolymer
Concrete

• Bio-Concrete
(Selfhealing
Concrete)
 WHY DO USE THESE TECHNOLOGIES

Concrete is the most important material for

building construction. If we prepare 1 tons of
concrete than the total emission of CO2 is 410kg/
m3
CO2 is the biggest reason behind the decaying of
ozone layer of earth
In order to reduce the uses of carbon construction
company inviting geo polymer concrete
GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE
• Geopolymer concrete is an
innovative, eco-friendly construction
material
• It is used to replacement of cement
concrete
• In geopolymer concrete cement is not
used as a binding material.
• Fly ash, silica-fume or GGBS, along
with alkali solution are used as
binder
WHY IT IS CALLED ‘GEOPOLYMER’
CONCRETE?
• Source material are geological
origin which contains the SI &AL
GEO • Silicon and aluminium can be
obtained by fly ash

• It make a chain molecule with

POLYMER Silicon and Aluminium
• Polymerisation process
 MATERIALS REQUIRED
Fly ash Fine aggregates Coarse aggregates

Alkali liquids
Why Geopolymer Concrete?
1. Reduce the demand of OPC which leads CO2 emission.
2. Utilise waste materials from industries such as flyash, silica-
fumes.
3. Protect water bodies from contamination due to fly ash
disposal.
4. Conserve acres of land that would have been used for disposal
of coal combustion products.
5. Produce a more durable infrastructure capable of design life
measure in hundred of years.
6. Combines waste products to useful products.
WORLD WIDE PRODUCTION OF CEMENT
(2014-2018)
Production of cement (Million metric ton)

Country 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

China 2,480 2,350 2,410 2,320 2,370

India 260 270 290 290 290

United
83.2 83.4 85.9 86.6 88.5
states
Turkey 75 77 77 80.6 84
 OPC vs GEO POLYMER
•Geopolymer concrete (GPC) using “fly ash”
•Greater corrosion resistance.
•Substantially higher fire resistance (up to
2400°F),
•High compressive and tensile strengths.
•Rapid strength gain, and lower shrinkage.
•Greenhouses gad reduction potential as much
as 90 percent when compared with opc.
APPLICATIONS OF GEOPOLYMER
• Construction and repair of highway, road and airport runways
• Due to its higher temperature resistance, geopolymer concrete
chimneys, low refractory and fire places are ideal for long life.
• Prefabricated under ground water tanks, sewerage pipes,
underground tunnels segments, transmission pole are some of
the excellent applications of geopolymer concrete.
• Geopolymer concrete also has a high resistance for chlorides so it
can be used in coastal areas for building to resist against
chloride corrosions.
• For clod climate places.
• The university of Queensland global change institute is world’s
first building to successfully use geopolymer concrete.
 BENIFITS OF GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE

1. Use partial or no Portland cement.

2. Preserve natural resources like Limestone.
3. Use industrial by products like fly ash blast furnace slag.
4. Due to more content of fly ash, concrete will give smooth
surface.
5. Geopolymer concrete also has very less drying shrinkage
and creep.
 CONCLUSION

• Eco-friendly, Economic and Advance technology. Hence

it is safe
• Geopolymer has excellent properties with in both acid
and salt environments.
• Low-calcium fly ash based geopolymer concrete has
excellent compressive strength and it iissuitable for
structural applications.
 Bio Concrete
INTRODUCTION

• Cracking in a concrete is a main concern through

the world because it cause loss of strength of
structure
• Maintaince of cracked structures lot of care and
money
• A Self-healing mechanism solution is preferred i.e
biological concrete
WHAT IS BIO CONCRETE
• It is a special type of concrete invited
by a group of microbiology reseachers
under the head of Henk jonker.
• Bio concrete is also called as biological
concrete or self-healing concrete.
• Its specially made to increase or the
durability concrete structure by the
self healing action of the concrete
 WHAT BACTERIA USED

Most of the bacteria belongs to bacillus are fulfilling

the required criteria discussed above. some of the
bacterias are
B.Pseudofirmus B.Cohnii

The suitable chemical precursor found to me most

suitable is
Calcium lactate Ca(C3H5O2)2
Mechanism

The cracks are formed on the surface of the concrete

due to many reasons

The water is deliberately forced in to the crack and the

precursor is activated
The activated precursor intern induces the bacteria
to react with that precursor and form a base of
calcium carbonate called limestone
ADVANTAGES
• Improvement in compressive strength of
concrete
• Reduction in permeability of concrete.
• Reduction in corrosion of reinforcement in
concrete.
• Increase in durability of concrete.
DISADVANTAGES
• Growth of bacteria is not good in every
atmosphere.
• Cost of bacterial concrete is double than
convential concrete.
• No IS code or any other code is avaible for
design of mix concrete with bacteria
CONCLUSION

• Good maintenance and repair.

• Prolonged life service constructions.

• Good for environment