Preparing

and
Delivering
a Speech
Public communication is the most
recognizable to anyone. It requires
preparation.

There is only one Speaker talking to

a group of Listeners, also known as
Audience.
Preparation means:

•Finding out what the speaker already knows

about the topic, then sourcing the Information
through researches
•The Speaker then organizes the speech
according to the Purpose of the Speech.
•An EXPOSITORY or INFORMATIVE
SPEECH needs data to impart. This type
of speech uses descriptions, demonstrations,
vivid detail, and definitions to explain a subject,
person, or place the audience wants to
understand. An informative speech makes a
complex topic easy to understand or offers a
different point of view.
•A PERSUASIVE SPEECH needs specific
data that will help the Speaker in changing
the minds of the Listeners and move them to
action. he speech is arranged in such a way
as to hopefully cause the audience to accept
all or part of the expressed view.
A SPEECH TO ENTERTAIN may or
may not need data unless that data can be
used in a humorous way. An entertaining
speech is a speech designed to captivate an
audience’s attention
 Understanding
the
Types of Speech
Speech According to Purpose
A speaker communicates for five reasons which
is called Functions of communication
•Regulation and control
•Social interaction
•Motivation
•Information
•Emotional expression.
•Speaker also creates a speech based on the
purpose he or she wants to achieve, these
purpose is called the GOALS OF
SPEECH.
•The purpose of Speech are studied in
order to deepen one’s knowledge and learn
how to apply them in one’s speech.
 Three Types of Speech According to
Purpose

• Exploratory or Informative,
•Persuasive,
•Entertainment Speech
Exploratory or Informative

•The Speaker wants the Listeners to be informed.

The purpose of an Exploratory or Informative
Speech is to provide information history,
theories, practical application, etc, that can and
will help the Listeners understand something that
is unknown to the already known to them but
not clearly understood.
An expository speech must follow these
guidelines:
• it must have a Message prepared at the level of
knowledge of the Speaker.
•It must be tailored to fit the level of knowledge
of the Audience
•It has to take into account the age, gender, social
status, religion, and cultural affiliation of the
Listeners.
Persuasive Speech
The goal is to convince the Listeners why the
Speaker’s side of the equation is more beneficial.
The Speakers assertion must be supported by
historical data in form of statistical results and
experts testimonies as well as comparisons and
contrast between the Speaker’s side and the
Listeners’ side of the equation.
A Persuasive Speech must follow these
guidelines:
• it must have a Message prepared at the level of
knowledge of the Speaker.
•It must be tailored to fit the level of knowledge
of the Audience
•It has to take into account the age, gender, social
status, religion, and cultural affiliation of the
Listeners.
Entertainment Speech

The purpose is not only to tell a series of

jokes. Neither the purpose of the speaker to
have the audience laughing throughout the
speech. To make Listeners smile or fell
lighthearted after the Speech is enough.
An ENTERTAINMENT SPEECH must lead the
Audience into looking familiar in a totally different
and completely humorous light by providing
comparisons and contrast.

Although it is an Entertainment Speech, it must still

follow the guidelines:
•it must have a Message prepared at the level of
knowledge of the Speaker.
•It must be tailored to fit the level of knowledge of the
Audience
•It has to take into account the age, gender, social
status, religion, and cultural affiliation of the Listeners.
These three Purposes:

Exploratory/Informative, Persuasive, and

Entertainment, direct the Speaker toward
the correct treatment of the topic. Every
Speech has a Purpose in reaching out to the
Listener.
Speech According to
Manner of Delivery
•Reading from a Manuscript or
Speaking from a Manuscript.
•Memorized Manuscript
•Impromptu Speech
•Extemporaneous Speech.
 Reading from a Manuscript or Speaking
from a Manuscript.

• for Formal Speech Context

• fully written out, usually typed and not folded but
placed in a folder for neatness.
Drawbacks to Reading/Speaking from a Manuscript:

• tends to read without emotion, lacking spontaneity, and

may even sound boring
•The speaker most of the time, never looks up from the
manuscript being read. All anyone sees is the top of the
Speaker’s head. This position contributes to the speaker’s
voice being muffled and unintelligible, even with a
microphone.
• The Speaker can lose his/her place in the speech even
while reading it or turn to the wrong page of the
manuscript.
• Manuscript may be blown by the wind/fan/air
conditioning unit or fall from the lectern and the order of
the sheets of paper dissaranged while putting it back.
Memorized Speech

Speech that is fully written out like the Speech

that is Read from the Manuscript. Oratorical
Contests require that contestants memorize
their speech thoroughly.
Drawbacks to a Memorized Speech:

•Forgetting lines
•Lack of eye contact with the Audience
•Similar to Reading from a Manuscript
Impromptu Speech- when suddenly asked to
give the welcome remarks in a program already
ongoing and there is hardly time to prepare.
Sometimes its called “ thinking on your feet”
because its delivered on short notice and no
preparation.
 Advantages Disadvantages
The speech is delivered in The Speaker can just go
a spontaneous manner and on and on, and sometimes,
in a more conversational with no point to make it
tone unlike the Manuscript all.
Speech.
The Speaker can adjust the The Speaker may be so
Speech and add or skip an rattled and disorganized
idea without any problems that the Speech ends up
with not much sense.
Extemporaneous Speech- is the presentation of
a carefully planned and rehearsed speech, spoken
in a conversational manner using brief notes. By
using notes rather than a full manuscript, the
extemporaneous speaker can establish and
maintain eye contact with the audience and assess
how well they are understanding the speech as it
progresses. The opportunity to assess is also an
opportunity to restate more clearly any idea or
concept that the audience seems to have trouble
grasping.
Advantages:

•The outline helps the Speaker remember the

particular order of points he/she wants to make.
There is no need to memorize paragraph upon
paragraph that make up the Speech.
• At the same time, the outline allows the Speaker
to jump from one point to another of the
Speech’s points should circumstances demand it
without the Audience knowing or noticing the
change.