Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
The substrate
Types of Catalytic
Converters.
Two Way Catalytic
Converter
A two-way catalytic converter has two simultaneous tasks.
Oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide: 2CO + O2
→ 2CO2
Oxidation of unburnt hydrocarbons (unburnt and partially-
burnt fuel) to carbon dioxide and water: CxH(2x+2) +
[(3x+1)/2] O2 → xCO2 + (x+1) H2O (a combustion reaction)
Unable to control NOx gases.
Two way catalytic
converter
Three Way Catalytic
Converter
Reduction of nitrogen oxides to nitrogen and
oxygen: 2NOx → xO2 + N2
Oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide:
2CO + O2 → 2CO2
Oxidation of unburnt hydrocarbons (HC) to carbon
dioxide and water:
CxH(2x+2) + [(3x+1)/2]O2 → xCO2 + (x+1)H2O
Three way catalytic
converter
Catalyst used in
catalytic converter
Oxydization catalyst.
Reduction catalyst.
Rhodium.
Why only precious
metals as catalyst
A catalyst is a chemical substance that, when
added to a chemical reaction, does not affect the
thermodynamics of a reaction but increases the
rate of reaction.