Social Work and

Social Environment
 is a group of people affiliated by
consanguinity, affinity, or co-
residence.

As a unit of socialization, the family is an object of analysis

for sociologists, and is considered to be the agency of
primary socialization.

2
1. Stable Satisfaction of Sexual Needs
2. Provision of home
3. Socialization
4. Rules of Behavior 12. Health support
5. Patterns of interaction 13. Culture support
6. Reproductive function
7. Emotional support
8. Economic support
9. Education support
10. Religious support 3

11. Recreational support

The traditional family structure consists of two married
individual providing care for their offspring, but this is
becoming more uncommon

Nuclear Family
Step Families
Single Parent
Extended Family
Emerging Family 4
 NEEDS ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES

Adequate, varied diet, clean air, pure,

Nutrition
plentiful water
Shelter Housing
Protection Safe Neighborhoods
Health Clean environment, health care
Belongingness, Intimacy,
Love, Kin, Friends, Social Organization
Connectedness
Telephone and postal system,
Communication, Mobility
newspaper
Education Good schools, arts, recreation
Spiritual needs Religious Organizations

Autonomy Opportunities for new experiences

Generativity Opportunity to contribute to the future

5
 Roles
Relationships
Rules
Rituals 6
• nature of the parents' relationship
• having a particularly soft or strict
parent
• number of children in the family
• personalities of family members
• an absent parent
• the 'mix' of members who are living in
the same household

• level and type of influence from extended family or others

• a chronically sick or disabled child within the family
• events which have affected family members, such as an affair, divorce,
trauma, death, unemployment, homelessness
• other issues such as family violence, abuse, alcohol or other drug use,
mental health difficulties, other disability
• family values, culture and ethnicity, including beliefs about gender roles,
parenting practices, power or status of family members
• nature of attachments in family (ie secure, insecure)
• dynamics of previous generations (parents and grandparents families) 7

• broader systems- social, economic, political including poverty

Random Families
Closed Families
Open Families

8
Social Work and
Social Environment
Family Patterns and Changing Roles
Love, Courtship and Marriage
The Family and Human Sexuality
Family Relationship and Parenthood
10
Family Problems and Coping Mechanisms
Family Patterns and Changing Roles
-an established modes of behavior or cluster of mental
Patterns attitude, beliefs and values held in common members of
the group.
-are socially prescribed patterns of behavior
Roles corresponding to an individual’s status in a particular
society

11
Culture is defined as the
complex whole which includes
the knowledge, art, belief,
moral, laws etc. acquired by
man as member of the society.

Learned
Shared
CULTURE is … Cumulative
Dynamic
Whole Diverse 12
A concept of how world
operates and where
individuals fit in.
13
Shared concepts of what is
true and desirable,
appropriate and important
14
 These are written and
unwritten rules that guide
behaviors appropriate to a
given situation 15
 A type of behavior that is
recognized, organized and
repititive 16
Traditional customs, beliefs,
dances, songs, tales or
sayings preserved orally or
unreflectively among people 17
 Special folkways which
involve moral or ethical
values. Violation to such is
punishable or has sanctions 18
Distinctive styles and
prevailing fashions
19
Group’s way of doing things
in common manner
20
 Love, Courtship and Marriage

Courtship -is a social process engaged in by two individuals

Courtship Process

Going Private
Dating Understanding Engagement
Steady
21
 Love, Courtship and Marriage

Marriage

-is a socially sanctioned union

of a man and women with the
expectation that they will
assure the role of husband and
wife

22
 Marriage
-requires a person to marry someone from within
Endogamy his group/culture
-requires a person to marry someone from
Exogamy outside his group/culture
-prescribed that widower marry the sister or the
Sororate nearest kin of the deceased wife
-prescribed that widow marry the brother or the
Levirate nearest kin of the deceased husband 23
 CULTURE has 5
important facets
(Jerome Bruner)

Man’s urge to explain his world

Tool
Language
Social Organization
Child Rearing 24
Tools

Device, object, and

procedure that are
extension of man’s natural
capacities 25
 Social
organization

Important concepts
1 Social Class
It is structured in the
sense of a system of 2 Status
interacting elements
3 Role
26
Language

Transfer of meaning between

the component of cultural
system and between one
culture system to another 27

culture
 Child
rearing

Man’s management of his

prolonged childhood
28
Man’s urge to
explain his
world

Much of the energy of a culture

system is extended in the
dimensions of human existence,
religion, philosophy, science and
superstitious belief 29