Documente Academic
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Documente Cultură
Sc AHS
Junior Technologist
Westminster Health Care, Chennai
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INTRODUCTION
Bone densitometry, also called dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry has become the
commonest and accurate method for measuring Bone Mineral Density and in add
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TYPES OF X-RAY
kV – 70, mA - 3
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ADVANTAGES
To diagnose Osteoporosis
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ANATOMICAL REGIONS
Lumbar spine Femur Neck Forearm
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INDICATIONS FOR BMD
Smoking
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CONTRA INDICATIONS
Pregnancy
Recent GI Contrast
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PATIENT PREPARATION
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IMPORTANT FACTORS..!!
Age Ethnicity
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EQUIPMENT
Make : GE
Model : Lunar Prodigy
1. Power switch
2. Table pad
3. Scan arm
4. Scan arm control panel
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T score
Comparison by standard deviation (SD) to a young adult population,
matched for sex and ethnicity
Z score
Compared by SD to similar age, sex, and ethnicity population
If this score is unusually high or low, it may indicate a need for further medical
tests
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≥-1.0 : Normal
-1.0 to -2.5 : Osteopenia
≤-2.5 : Osteoporosis
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BMD (g/cm2)
T-score (YA)
Age
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POSITIONING & POST PROCESSING
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MEASUREMENT & ANALYSIS IS DONE
IN
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AP SPINE
CENTERING - Laser Light is centered in the midline 1.5cm below the iliac crest
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Densitometry : USA (combined NHANES / Lunar)
Region BMD Young adult Age – matched
(g/cm2) T - score Z - Score
L1 1.196 0.5 1.0
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DUAL FEMUR
CENTERING - Laser Light is centered over the femur, 2cm below the pubic symphysis
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Densitometry : USA (combined NHANES / Lunar)
Region BMD Young adult Age – matched
(g/cm2) T - score Z - Score
Neck Left 0.990 -0.3 0.5
Neck Right 1.009 -0.2 0.6
Neck Mean 0.999 -0.3 0.6
Neck difference 0.019 0.1 0.1
Total Left 0.928 -0.6 -0.1
Total Right 0.970 -0.3 0.2
Total Mean 0.949 -0.5 0.1
Total Diff 0.042 0.3 0.3
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LEFT FOREARM
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Densitometry : USA (combined NHANES / Lunar)
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ADDITIONAL VIEWS
•Lateral spine
•APVA
•Dual VA (APVA and LVA)
•Orthopedic hip
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FRACTURE RISK ASSESSMENT TOOL
Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) is used as a assessment modality for the pr
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CLINICAL INPUT FOR FRAX
ESTIMATION
Previous fracture
Smoking
Glucocorticoid therapy
Secondary Osteoporosis
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FRAX* 10-year Probability of Fracture
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Body Composition Analysis
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BODY COMPOSITION ANALYSIS
•It is used to describe the percentage of Fat mass, bone mass and lean mass
Fat
Bone
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INDICATIONS FOR BODY COMPOSITION
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WHOLE BODY ANALYSIS
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DONE TO ESTIMATE..!
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BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)
13 18.3 25 30 35
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VISCERAL ADIPOSE TISSUE
• In humans main fat storage areas are Android and the Gynoid region (
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REGION WISE COMPOSITION
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RESTING METABOLIC RATE (RMR)
•The resting metabolic rate (RMR) is the number of calories the body requires
at rest
•It represents the minimum amount of energy needed to maintain body tempe
rature, heartbeat and respiratory rate
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RELATIVE SKELETAL MUSCLE INDEX
(RSMI)
• It represents the relative amount of muscle in the arms and legs
Baumgartner RN
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CONCLUSION
Bone Mineral Density(BMD) with Body Fat Composition can play a vital role in complementing
the clinicians to treat metabolic syndromes and to prevent the incidence of fractures in susce
ptible individuals.
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My sincere thanks:-) to all doctors, RS
O and Techs of Westminster healthca
re
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