HEALTH EDUCATION

GROUP
TWO
Jesyl Charmil Balleza, Jill Rose
Basiao, Marianne Guelos,
Lharyza Jimenez, Jaehazle
Magbanua, Alliah Rae
Antonette Rose, Benzie Joy
Sespene, Zaira Tumapang
LEARNING
DEFINITION
DISABILITIES
2
• a generic term that refers to a heterogeneous
group of disorders manifested by significant
difficulties in acquisitions and use of listening,
speaking, reading, writing, reasoning or
mathematical abilities.

• These disorders are intrinsic to the individual

and due to central nervous dysfunction.

• learning disabilities involve only children.

LEARNING DISABILITIES
LEARNING DISABILITIES
DEFINITION 3
• Majority of the people who have learning disabilities may
experience language and/or memory deficits.
• Individuals with learning disabilities appear normal and have been
found to have at least average, if not superior (gifted), intelligence.

• There is a large discrepancy between a learning disabled

person’s intellectual abilities and his or her performance levels,
no cause and effect relationship exist.
• Learning disabilities are not caused by retardation, emotional
disturbances, physical impairments or environmental deprivation.
• Factors that may affect learning in a learning disabled person are
memory, language, motor, and integrative processing disabilities.

LEARNING DISABILITIES
 DYSLEXIA

HYPERACTIVITY

ATTENTION DEFICIT
DISORDER

O T H E R MINIMAL BRAIN
DYSFUNCTION
TERMS

LEARNING DISABILITIES
INPUT AND OUTPUT DISABILITIES
TWO GENERAL HEADINGS 5
INPUT DISABILTIES
refer to the process of receiving and recording information in the brain.

OUTPUT DISABILITIES
refer to the process of orally responding and performing physical task.

LEARNING DISABILiTIES
INPUT DISABILTIES
VISUAL PERCEPTIVE DISORDERS 6
Trouble focusing on Trouble focusing on
DYSLEXIA words WORKS
Letters of the alphabet Judging distances or
may be seen in reverse positions in space may
or rotated order prove difficult.
People with this disorder tend to be auditory
learners
Visual materials such as pamphlets or books are
ineffective unless the content is explained orally or the
information is read aloud.
These person learn best through hearing, using
CDs and audiotapes and verbal instruction.

LEARNING DISABILITIES
AUDITORY PERCEPTUAL DISORDERS
CENTRAL AUDITORY PROCESSING DISORDER 7
- a hearing problem that affects about 5% of school-aged children.
- People with this condition can't process what they hear in the same way other kids do because their
ears and brain don't fully coordinate. Something interferes with the way the brain recognizes and
interprets sounds, especially speech.

CAUSES
Often, the cause of a child's APD isn't known. Evidence suggests
that head trauma, lead poisoning, and chronic ear infections could
play a role. Sometimes, there can be multiple causes.

LEARNING DISABILITIES
DIAGNOSES
Audiologists look for five main problem areas in kids with APD: 8

1. Auditory figure-
ground problems
when a child can't pay attention if there's
noise in the background
3. Auditory
2. Auditory discrimination 4. Auditory 5. Auditory
memory problems problems attention problems cohesion problems
when a child has difficulty when a child has difficulty hearing when a child can't stay focused on when higher-level listening tasks
remembering information the difference between words or listening long enough to complete are difficult.
sounds that are similar a task or requirement

LEARNING DISABILITIES
• Have your child look at you when you're
speaking.

• Use simple, expressive sentences.

• Speak at a slightly slower rate and at a Kids with APD often

mildly increased volume. have
trouble following
• Ask your child to repeat the directions back directions, so these
to you and to keep repeating them aloud (to
suggestions may
you or to himself or herself) until the
directions are completed.
help
• For directions that are to be completed
later, writing notes, wearing a watch, or
maintaining a household routine can help. So
can general organization and scheduling.
Integrative Processing Disorders 10
• inability to sequence or abstract visual, auditory, tactile stimuli
• difficulty sequencing information
• thought sequencing progress from middle to end ABSTRAC
TION
• inability to infer meaning from words or phrases
• specific or intended meaning of words or thoughts is
misunderstood
SPECIFIC
EXPLANATIONS
• needed by a person with this disorder
• avoid using confusing phrases, puns, or sarcasm
• frequently ask the person to repeat or demonstrate what was
learned

LEARNING DISABILITIES
SHORT TERM OR LONG TERM
MEMORY DISORDERS

1. WORKING MEMORY
refers to the ability to hold on to pieces of
information until the pieces blend into a full
thought or concept.

2. SHORT TERM MEMORY

is the active process of storing and retaining
information for a limited period of time. The
information is temporarily available but not yet
stored for long-term retention.

3. LONG TERM MEMORY

refers to information that has been stored and
that is available over a long period of time.
Individuals might have difficulty with auditory
memory or visual memory.
Thank You!
Any Questions?