Legal Medicine and

Religious Aspects of
Abortion
 Foreword

Worldwide

Abortion
As
A
Problem
Indonesia
FORMULATION Terms Anatomical
And
OF and Definition
Physiological
PROBLEMS Changes
In Pregnancy

Methods,
Classifications,
And Complications

General
And
Forensic
Examinations

Law, Healthcare,
Psychological,
And Religion
Definition and Terms of Abortion

From Law perspective

From medical perspective

Anatomical changes in
pregnancy
Female reproduction system
Early stages of Pregnancy
Body Changes of Pregnant Woman
CHANGES OF WOMB SIZE IN
PREGNANCY
 Diagnosis of Pregnancy
• Amenorrhea
• Uterus growth
• Braxton-Hicks contraction
• Palpable movement of fetus
• Ballotement (+)
• USG (+)
• Doppler  fetal heart sound
 Classifications of abortion

I.Spontaneous II.Provoked
abortion abortion

A. a. A. a.
imminens insipiens incomplete complete

Crime?
 Abortus Spontaneous
I.Abortus imminens

II.ABORTUS INSIPIENS

III.ABORTUS INKOMPLETUS

IV.ABORTUS KOMPLETUS
 Abortus Provocatus
ILLEGAL
ABORTUS PROVOCATUS CRIMINALIS

LEGAL
ABORTUS PROVOCATUS MEDICINALIS
 Abortion methods; 1st trimester
• Suction Curretage
 Abortion methods; 1st trimester
• Dilation and Curretage
 Abortion methods; 1st trimester
• RU – 486 Pills Mifepristone

misoprostol

• Methotrexate
Abortion methods; 2nd trimester
 Abortion methods; 2nd trimester

Partial birth abortion

Abortion methods; 2nd trimester

Saline poisoning
 Abortion methods;
2nd and 3rd trimester

HISTEROTOMY
 Criminal Abortion Methods
• General Violence
• Local Violence
• Using Medical Equipments
• Using non – medical equipments
• Using chemical substance
• Drug – Induced Abortions:
– Emetics
– Laxatives
– Emenagogue
– ebolics
 Complications of Abortion
Immediate Complication:
-Vagal Reflex
Complications -Air Emboli
-DEEP PERFORATION
-LACERAtion

Moderate
Delayed Complication:
complication: - Hemorrhage
-Sepsis -Fluid Emboli
-Acute Kidney
Disease
Deep perforation
Laceration on cervix uteri
Bleeding
Post – Mortem Examinations in
Abortion
• Findings will depends on the methods used in
abortion.

drugs

instruments

Vaginal
douche
 Examples of Post – Mortem Findings in
Instruments – Induced Abortions

Blood and residual clots on

The inner walls of the womb; caused
By unfinished effort of suctioning
And curretage.

Wounds on the inner part

Of endometrium
due to forced
Curretage
 Religious Views of Abortion
• Moslem’s :
(QS 16:89) :
“we give you the al – qur’an
To explain everything”

(QS 53; 32) :

“He knows you the best; since the

Creation of the soil, -and since
You were still
In your mother’s
womb”

(QS 22; 5) :
“then we put the baby inside the
Womb; according to our
Will for as long as
The pregnancy time will be. Then we
Get you out
Your mother’s womb
As a baby”
 Religious Views of Abortion
• Christian’s
Jeremiah 1 : 5
Before i formed you in the womb i knew you,
Before you were born i sanctified you,
I ordained you a prophet to the nations.
“

Genesis 9:6
“Whoever sheds man’s blood, by man his
blood shall be shed; for in the image of
god he made man”

Exodus: 21 : 22 – 25
If men fight and hurt a woman with thild, so that she gives birth prematurely, yet no
harm follows, he shal surely be punished accordingly as the woman’s husband imposes
on him, and he shall pay as the judges determine. But if any harm follows, then you
shall give life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,
burn for burn, wound for wound., stripe for stripe.”
 Religious Views of Abortion
• Buddhist’s • Criterias of a living thing:
• Mata utuni hoti : a female on
fertile time.
• Mata pitaro hoti : the unity of
sperms and ovum
• Gandhabo paccuppatthito : the
existence of gandarwa; the
awareness of a continuing life
cycle. (pantisandhi-citta) the
next phase of the death-
awareness with karma energy.
(cuti citta)
 Religious Views of Abortion
• Hindu’s • Hindu’s Bible such as Regveda
1.114.7 states : “Ma no mahantam
uta ma no arbhakam” which
means : Do not disturb and
do not do any harm to
babies.

• Atharvaveda X.1.29 :
“Anagohatya vai bhima”
which means : Do Not
kill an innocent baby.

• Atharvaveda X.1.29 : “Ma no

gam asvam purusam
vadhih” which means : “do
not kill humans and
animals”
article
346
Law Perspective of Abortion
article
347
article
348

UU RI Nomor
KUHP Act of 36 Tahun
chapter abortion 2009 tentang
XIX Kesehatan

HIPPCRATIc
OATH

article Article
349 75, 76,
article 77
299
Pasal Pasal
194
75
UU RI NO.36 TAHUN 2009
TENTANG KESEHATAN Dari segi hukum :
1. Professional
Pasal Pasal misconduct
76 77
2. kelalaian
(negligence)
-malfeasance,
UU RI no 23 -Misfeasance
Tahun 2002 -nonfeasance.
Tentang 3. ketidak-
Perlindungan
kompetenan
Anak
 Gestationa
l age
Evidence Equipments
of used
pregnancy

Evidence of
abortion

Pregnancy
and
Motive
abortion
Psychological Aspect of Abortion
• Abortion is a respond to
unwanted pregnancies.
Women usually have a lot of
reasons and opinion about
the topic, but for most of
them, abortion is something
like a way out of those
unwanted pregnancies.
Social, financial, and
psychological condition
could also be the reason of
doing abortion. Women
wants to prepare many
things in order to raise their
child in a conducive
environment. So, despite the
religious and moral
considerations, abortion
still gives them the freedom
to rearrange their life.
Conclusions

Suggestions
Thank You!
Terima Kasih
Xie xie
Matur nuwun
Arigato Gozaimas
Spasiba
Muchas Gracias
Gamza Hamida
Merci!