Santosh kumar

Reg-no- 18BEC0243
Course-Introduction to
nanoscience and technology
Slot-A2
COURSE CODE-ECE1006
Professor-MANGAIYARKARASI R
Zinc oxide is one of the most important metal oxides due to its unique physical
characteristics of wide and direct band gap (~3.37 eV) with a large exciton binding energy
(60 meV). It has attracted much attention among researchers and is used in various
applications such as in optoelectronics , sensors , pharmaceuticals , etc. It has been found
that the band gap of ZnO can be changed by either decreasing the size of the crystallites or
by substitutional doping . Substitutional doping can be done by a chemical reaction that
forces the dopant element to be introduced into the crystal structure of the compound .
Pure and single phase materials that are isostructural to the initial compound will be
produced. These new compounds will exhibit novel characteristics that will be useful for
future applications.
The materials of high dielectric constant find numerous applications in microelectronics. Now a
day zinc oxide (ZnO) is the most common material used in commercial devices due to its low
cost. ZnO is a versatile n-type semiconductor finding application from gas sensors, transparent
conducting electrodes to short wavelength optoelectronics devices. Many researcher have
investigated the dielectric properties of ZnO. The dielectric properties are function of signal
frequency and therefore a preliminary investigation of ac response of ZnO pellets have been
reported in the present paper
Fig.1 shows the variation of the dielectric constant ε ‫׳‬with
frequency of the ac signal. Dielectric constant is seen to
decrease sharply with increase in frequency in the lower
frequency range i.e. up to 200 kHz and acquires almost a
constant value at higher frequency up to 5MHz.
Magnetic measurements were performed using a MPMS Quantum Desing SQUID
magnetometer. In case of NPs characterization, sampleholder system (quartz rod and
kapton) was previously measured under the same conditions of field and temperatures
and subsequently, the sampleholder containing the sample was measured. Results
presented here correspond to the difference between both measurements. No
sampleholder was reused but a new one was used for each sample. Sample handling
was performed always with plastic tools and gloves to avoid possible contamination
with metallic particles. Magnetic measurements were repeated for selected samples up
to three times, and also for repeating the synthesis of the samples showing similar
results.