ABEDA INAMDAR SENIOR COLLEGE

NAME :ESTHER. SURIPOGU. D

STD :F.YB.COM
DIV:B
ROLL NO :417
SUB:COMPUTER
TEACHER NAME :SALAHUDDIN SAJAN
SIR
 Computer Networking
 MEANING
A computer network is a digital telecommunications network
 which allows nodes to share resources. In computer networks, 
computing devices exchange data with each other using
connections (data links) between nodes. These data links are
established over cable media such as wires or optic cables, or 
wireless media such as Wi-Fi.
Network computer devices that originate, route and terminate the
data are called network nodes.[1] Nodes are generally identified by 
network addresses, and can include hosts such as 
personal computers, phones, and servers, as well as 
networking hardware such as routers and switches. Two such
devices can be said to be networked together when one device is
able to exchange information with the other device, whether or not
they have a direct connection to each other. In most cases,
application-specific communications protocols are layered (i.e.
carried as payload) over other more general communications
protocols. This formidable collection of information technology
 requires skilled network management to keep it all running reliably.
COMPONENTS OF
NETWORK
 Computer network components are the  major
parts which are needed to install the software. Some
important network components
are NIC, switch, cable, hub, router, and modem.
Depending on the type of network that we need to
install, some network components can also be removed.
 For example, the wireless network does not require a
cable.
1 SENDER : This is the device which send the data
message .It can be a computer ,workstation telephone
,handset and so on
2 MESSAGE: The message is nothing but the data or
information which is to be communicated
 Types of Network
 There are several different types of computer networks.
Computer networks can be characterized by their size as
well as their purpose.

 The size of a network can be expressed by the geographic

area they occupy and the number of computers that are
part of the network. Networks can cover anything from a
handful of devices within a single room to millions of
deviceSome of the different networks based on size are:

 Personal area network, or PAN

 Local area network, or LAN
 Metropolitan area network, or MAN.
 Personal Area Network
 A personal area network, or PAN, is a computer

network organized around an individual person

within a single building. This could be inside a small
office or residence. A typical PAN would include one
or more computers, telephones, peripheral devices,
video game consoles and other personal
entertainment devices.
 Local Area Network
 A local area network, or LAN, consists of a computer

network at a single site, typically an individual office

building. A LAN is very useful for sharing resources,
such as data storage and printers. LANs can be built
with relatively inexpensive hardware, such as hubs,
network adapters and Ethernet cables.
Metropolitian area network
 Metropolitan Area Network
 A metropolitan area network, or MAN, consists of a

computer network across an entire city, college

campus or small region. A MAN is larger than a LAN,
which is typically limited to a single building or site.
Depending on the configuration, this type of
network can cover an area from several miles to tens
of miles. A MAN is often used to connect several
LANs together to form a bigger network. When this
type of network is specifically designed for a college
campus, it is sometimes referred to as a campus
area network, or CAN.
Thank you