LIBRARY STUDY OF CRICKET

STADIUM AND ACADEMY

SUBMITTED TO:- SUBMITTED BY:-

AR. VIJAY LEWIS CHRISTOPHER JASBEER SHARMA
AR. ROOPALI BANSAL KRITIKA
AR. PARDEEP KAUR NEHA
RISHABH
 CONTENT
 INTRODUCTION

 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF STADIUM

 ARRANGEMENT OF ACTIVITIES AROUND PITCH

 PARKING

 DESIGN OF CIRCULATION ROUTES AND AREAS

 PARTS OF FIELD

 CROWD CONTROL

 SEATING AREAS

 DRAINAGE

 LIGHTING,SHADING DEPTH AND ANGLE

 SPECTATORS VIEWING ANGLE AND VIP FACILITIES

 MEDIA FACILITIES

 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR CRICKET ACADEMY

 INTRODUCTION
• A Sports Stadium is basically a tremendous venue for the introduction of gallant accomplishments.
From such a blend of emotional capacity in addition to grand scale should stream ground-breaking
community design.
A stadium is a place or venue for (mostly) outdoor sports, concerts, or other events and consists of
a field or stage either partly or completely surrounded by a tiered structure designed to allow
spectators to stand or sit and view the event.[]
• Pausanias noted that for about half a century the only event at the ancient Greek Olympic festival was
the race that comprised one length of the stadion at Olympia, where the word "stadium" originated.[3]
• Most of the stadiums with a capacity of at least 10,000 are used for association football. Other
popular stadium sports include gridiron football, baseball, cricket, the various codes of rugby, field
lacrosse, bandy, and bullfighting. Many large sports venues are also used for concerts
• Truly it is currently exceptionally troublesome for a games arena to be monetarily suitable without
some level of appropriation, regardless of whether open or convert. The most that should be possible
is to deliver an office that will fulfill feasible mixes of the accompanying three components.
• The required subsidy is not impossibly large.
• The project is sufficiently attractive to public sources of finance to investment from the public purse
and sufficiently attractive to private sponsors to persuade them to be bridge to be any remaining
financial gap
 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF STADIUM

 There are three primary sets of requirements which stadium or arena designer
should clearly define and then keep in proper focus during the design/planning
process.
1. General planning requirement
2. Players, Officials, and Spectators requirement
3. Operation/management requirement
1. General planning requirement:
 Primary stadium should be capable of future conversion to seated areas without
destroying good sight-lines and without requiring major reconstruction work.
 It should be capable of adding new seating tribunes and premium seat
 In the unroofed stadium, exterior walls and adjacent areas should be capable to of
fitting the roof.
 Stadium with the roof covering in the spectator areas should be capable of having
a retractable roof to cover the whole arena.
 Should be capable of technical improvements, including the introduction of air
conditioning in enclosed areas
 Seating capacity :
 The limitations of normal visual acuity make any seating falling outside a
radius of 200ft. from the center of field increasingly marginal.
 For major international matches a stadium should seat at least 30,000
people.

 Location:
 Must fit well with local topography.
 Should be designed with the good transport link and supply facilities like
bus, train, tram stations, large parking etc.in other hand it should be
easily accessible by motorways.
 It shouldn’t be in core city area.
 It shouldn’t be sited close to the industrial area where smoke, odors, and
noise might create unpleasant conditions.
 The area should have sufficient provision for the future expansion
Building codes :
 Codes requirement relating to stadium planning will be primarily
concerned with exiting and seating circulation
 It will be found that where they exist, regulations will vary widely from
one locality to another.

Orientation:
 Playing field is oriented north-south to protect from the direct glare to
the players with a maximum deviation upto 15 degree,in order to play
along wind direction.
 The access gate is mostly situated to the east.
 The angle of the playing field should be done in relation to the sum and
the prevailing weather condition.
 The match participants, spectators and media representatives must be
protected as much as possible form the glare of the sun.
  Viewing distance determines the size of
stadium

 Other Aspects of Stadium Design are:

 Water
 Waste
 Transport
 Energy
 Terrace wedge infill only
in temperate climates.
As per the requirement of viewing for
the game of cricket this is located at
one of the very important location.

As this is high value ticket zone, it is also

Very important for revenue generation.
REOsteel sight
It also includes location of one of the screen
Site screen so it is also important to
start cricketing activities at the venue.

All the activities of the match are

Controlled from this zone. BEST VIEWING

Player’s refreshment and waiting during

the sessions is going to take place here,as
Dressing ropms are located at this point.
Safety requirements :
 Safety should be considered as the prime task.
 All parts of the stadium, including entrance, exits, stairways, doors, escape
routes, roofs and all public and private areas and rooms must conform safety
standards.
 Exit doors and gates in the stadium and all gates leading from the
spectator areas into -the playing are must open outwards, away from the
spectators.
 Well-planning good zoning, good structural
 The zoning should be done considering the four safety zones. Activity area
(Temporary safety zone), Viewing zone (Spectator zone), Circulation area
(Temporary safety zone) and
 Outside Stadium (Final safety zone).
 PARKING
THIS PORTION WILL SERVE
ACADEMY TO THE PLAYERS,
MEDIA ADMINISTRATORS
MAINTENANC AND THE VIP/ MEMBERS
E OF THE CLUB.

PARKING PARKING
P
TICKET
TICKET I TICKET TICKET

KIOSK T KIOSK
ENTRY ENTRY C ENTRY
ENTRY
H
SERVICE SERVICE SERVICE SERVICE

THIS PORTION WILL SERVE PLAYERS

TO THE ACADEMY,
MAINTENANCE AND THE
MEDIA PERSONS. ADMIN. RECEPTIO VIP & MEMBER
N

PARKING
PARKING:
 Types of Parking:
Surface Parking
Basement parking
 For a stadium with a capacity of 60,000, parking places should be provided
for 10,000 Cars and approximately 500 buses.
 Where sufficient on-site public parking is not possible, parking should be
provided no further than 1,500 meters from the stadium.
 There should be sufficient parking space for the buses and cars of VIP’S.
Preferably, these vehicles should be parked inside the stadium.
 Parking space for at least 2 buses and 8 cars should be available for teams,
match officials and stadium staff.
 At least 10 parking spots including large vehicles should be provided to the
media.
Straight Parking :
 Suitable two ways traffic and large no of vehicles.
 Parking bays are perpendicular to circulation road.

Angled Parking:
 Suitable for one way traffic which has separate entrance/exit.
 It reduces the width of the parking lots as the vehicles are placed in
angle.
 The parking bays are inclined in 300, 450, 600, 900.
Oblique Parking
 Suitable for two way traffic and separate entrance/exit
 DESIGN OF CIRCULATION ROUTES AND AREAS

Maintaining safe conditions Design:

Width :
Circulation routes should be minimum of 1.2m wide.
d.Headroom :
Minimum headroom of 2.0m
Should be raised to 2.4m, especially in circulation routes and viewing areas
(particularly the rear of covered seated stands).
e.Signs
f.Lighting
Entrance and Entry Routes
The design and management of entrances and entry routes should take into
consideration the following:
 Entrances to each part of the ground should, wherever practicable, be
designed and located so as to allow for the even distribution of spectators and to
prevent local pressure building up outside the ground.
 Walls, fences and gates should not provide the opportunity for hand or foot-
holds which might assist climbing. They should be regularly inspected.
 The design of the turnstile and its housing should allow for the operator to
see and communicate clearly with entrants.
 Turnstiles are not suitable for use by wheelchair users, visually impaired
spectators and people with assistance dogs. The most practical design solution is
to provide level access via a gate or door, with an appropriate vision panel, which
is staffed by a steward. Arrangements must be in place to ensure that all those
entering by such routes are counted among the spectators attending the event.
 Horizontal circulation
 Concourse :
• A concourse is defined as a circulation area that provides direct access to and
from viewing accommodation to which it may be linked by vormitories,
passageways, stairs or ramps.
• It is recommended that all new sports ground concourses should be designed to
allow at least 0.5m2 per person (a density of 20 persons/10 m2) expected to
occupy the concourse at peak times.
 Vormitories
 A vormitory is an access route built into the gradient of a stand which
directly links spectator accommodation to concourses, and/or routes for
ingress, egress and emergency evacuation. Passage through a vomitory can
be either level, or via stairways, and can flow either parallel or transverse
to the rows of terraces or seats.
 If passage through the vomitory is by steps, the design, dimensions, barriers
and handrails should meet the requirement for stairways
 These barriers should be protected (by infill or screening), to prevent
spectators climbing through and approaching from behind.
 VERTICAL CIRCULATION
STAIRWAYS AND GANGWAYS :
a.Stairway
b.Radial gangway
c.Lateral gangway

Design of stairways (Basic Specifications and dimensions)

The stairway width should be uniform.
All goings and risers on each stairway should be uniform between floors.
Open risers should not be used.
Winders (that is, tapered treads) should not be used.
Stair treads should be slip-resistant, have durable edgings, and, where
appropriate, have adequate drainage.
All nosing should be clearly marked.
Individual flights should consist of no more than 12 risers.
Recommended minimum width of stairs : 1.2m Maximum width: 1.8m
Minimum riser height: 150mm and Maximum height:170mm or 180mm
 LIFTS AND ESCALATORS
 PLAYING FIELD:
 No fixed dimensions for the field but its diameter usually varies between
450 feet (137 m) and 500 feet (150 m).
 A cricket pitch is 22 yards long.
 PARTS OF A FIELD
•  The pitch:
 The pitch measures 10 × 66 feet (3.05 × 20.12 m).Lines drawn or
painted on the pitch are known as creases.
 Pitches are generally classified as:

 Green Pitch: They contain fair amount of grass and are conducive to
bounce and swing.
 Dry Pitch: They contain no grass and are conducive to spin.
 Concrete Pitch: These are made of concrete and generally used for
practice facilities.

 Mats: These are used for practice facilities as well and laid over the
pitch.
  Playing field quality
 The playing field must be absolutely smooth and level.
 It can have natural grass or artificial turf according to the need condition.
 With natural grass, it should have an efficient watering system for use in dry weather.
 Playing field should be equipped with an underground heating system for cold
climate
 Good playing field should include proper underground and surface drainage to allow play
during rain.
 Advertising Boards around Playing Area
 Advertising boards normally have a height of 90-100cm
 The minimum distances between the boundary lines of the playing field and
the advertising boards should be: 4-5m
 Access to Playing Area :
Vehicles of the emergency services, including ambulance and fire engines, must be
able to gain access to the playing area.
All types of ground maintenance vehicles and various other kinds of vehicles should
also be able to gain access to the playing area.
 Sightscreen
A movable structure with a large flat surface, typically made of slatted wood but
occasionally of other materials such as canvas, which is placed just outside the boundary
directly behind either of the wickets in order to assist the batsman by enhancing the
visibility of the bowled ball. Sightscreens are traditionally white, but black sightscreens are
used for day-night games played with white balls. Some modern sightscreens have surfaces
that can be changed between overs, showing advertisements when the bowler is opening
from the other end.
 Umpire
Either of the two ( or four in case of international matches ) whose function is to ensure
that a cricket match is conducted in accordance of the laws and spirit of the game and to
adjudicate on any point submitted to them by the players. There are usually two onfield
umpires, a third umpire ( TV umpire) and a fourth or reserve umpire in case of emergency.

 Exclusion of Spectators form Playing Area

It is essential to protect against attract form the spectators. This could be
accomplished in a number of ways, including one or more of the following.
 CROWD CONTROL:-
 PERIMETER FENCE: Max Ht. : 2.2 M
This Protects Officials From Hostile Spectators And Protects
GrassPitch By Spectators Feet
These Fences Are An Obstruction To Proper Viewing Of the
Game And Usually Unsightly
In Case of Fire The Playing Field Is an Obvious Zone For Safety
And Fence Prevents People From Reaching It.

 MOATS:-

Moats Are Barrier Between Field And Seating Area Ditch or

Depression is Created Between Field And Seating .
It Can BE Used For Emergency Vehicles Drainage And Security
Stasff.
Dimension For MOAT Are 1.5M Deep and 1M High fench on Pitch
Side.
ADAPTED SEATING

 Moats :

 Screens and fences

 SEATING AREAS:
 The necessary space for seating area is calculated as follows:
 Width of seat 0.5m
 Overall depth 0.8m
 Seat depth 0.35m
 Circulation 0.45m
 Rows of seats (benches) as well as single seats can be planned.
Seats with back rests offer greater comfort.
 Seating and standing areas must be separated by fences.

 For every 750 seats an escape route (stairway, ramp, flat

surface) with a minimum width of 1m must be provided
 SEATING AREAS:
 The formula giving the staircase width necessary to allow a certain numbers
of spectators to leave the stadium in a given time is:

Number of spectator
 Staircase width (m) =
Emptying time(s) X 1.25

 STANDING AREAS:
 The necessary space for standing space is calculated as follows:
 Width of standing space 0.5m
 Depth of standing space 0.4m

 For every 750 spaces an escape route (stairway,ramp,flat surface) with a

minimum width of 1.00 m must be provided.
 Each block should have its own entry/exit points and should be separated
from the others by fences.
 Barrier of 1.10m,between every ten rows of the standing spaces.
  Spectators with Disabilities
 For individual wheelchair:
 Min. width of the stand 900 mm
 Min depth of the stand 1400 mm

AISLE
The stadium should be divided into sections by
aisles for circulation widely accepted
Aisle width is 90cm and is kept
minimum.
For sufficient clearance against the hazards of
clothing catching in the seats or
Disturbing the occupants.
The 45cm riser will require 2 extra steps
in the aisle.
Drainage:
 For the drainage of stadium there are two methods:
 Drain Cell
 Drain Core

 Drain Cell:
 Drain Core:

Tensile grass
Growth substrate
Filter fabric
Drainage layer
Waterprofing membrane
Water supply:
 DOMESTIC USE AND FIRE PROTECTION can be separate and combined.

Underground water piping

 All piping in the ground from 80 mm dia and above is to be of class C
asbestos cemen tpressure pipe and where of less than 80 mm dia is to be of
class 16 high density polyethyleneor thin wall hard drawn copper pipe.

Above ground cold water piping

 Cold water pipework above ground level, but concealed in roofs and
ducts etc. may be of galvanized iron, thin wall hard drawn copper or
stainless steel, for all diameters.
 ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING:
 Flood Lighting:
 In 4 cardinal direction (each lamp of 1000-2000W)
 It shouldn’t affect the other nearby building because of its glare.
 Non-televised match ─ 500 to 700 lux
 Televised match ─ 1400 lux
 Mounting height:
 The mounting height geometry sideline head frames and poles in 25
degree not exceed 45 degree.
 In other rooms like changing room it should be of 100 to 150 lux.
 Players, Officials and Spectators Requirement
 Access to Dressing Rooms
 Dressing Rooms:
 There should be two principal dressing rooms in a stadium of equal size,
style and comfort
 At least two there should be separate team areas, but preferably four.
Minimum size is 150m2.

 Umpires’ Area:
 It’s minimum size should be 24m2.
 It should have clothes hanging facilities or lockers for 4 people.
 Access from Team Areas to Playing Field :
 The tunnel should be 4m-6m wide and a minimum of 2.3m high.

 First Aid and Treatment Room

 This room is used by players, match officials, the media, VIPs and security
Personnel
 Minimum sized 50m2.

 Doping Control Area

 Minimum size is 36m2
 Spectator’s requirements:
 Spectator area/Seating:
 Capacity depends upon the use and population.
 The area should be divided into sectors for easy access and all the required
services like entrances, exits, stairways, doors, passages, toilets etc. should
be located at each sector.
 Blocks or groups of 2500 places should be provided to avoid overcrowding.
 To give spectator clear view and ensure good acoustics, Vitruvius
recommended a fired gradient of 1:2 for the both seating and standing
areas. Space required for spectator is 0.5 x 0.4-0.45m per seat (including
adjacent circulation area).
 Spectator viewing angle and sightlines
 It is the spectator’s ability to see the nearest point of intrest
On the playing field comfortably on the heads of the peoplein front.
N = (R+C)X(D+T) -R
D
EACH BOX COMMONLY ACCOMODATES 10 TO 20 PEOPLE BUT HERE IS NO RULE
ABOUT THIS.
SOME POSSIBLE ARRANGEMENTS ARE GIVEN BELOW:
Private box Kitchen Access

Viewing
TYPE – A :
Behind glass

Advantages: Complete privacy and comfort.

Disadvantages: Separation from the atmosphere of the ground.

Private box Kitchen Access

TYPE – B:
In the well of the Viewing
stadium , with the
private box
immediately behind.

Advantages: Privacy maintained, Last viewers view event as spectators .

Disadvantages: Separation between the viewing and dinning.
 Access Kitchen Private box and luncheon
rooms
TYPE – C :
Viewing
In the well of the
stadium , with an access
corridor immediately
behind.
Disadvantages: Users inside miss event when using facility.
SPECTATOR VIEWING REQUIRES SPECIFIC ANGLES WHICH ENSURES BEST POSSIBLE
VIEWS OF
THE POINT OF FOCUS , WHICH IS THE CRICKET FIELD.
THERE IS A CERTAIN ‘C’ VALUE THAT HAS TO BE CALCULATED INORDER TO
MAXIMIZE QUALITY
OF SPECTATOR VIEWING.
D
1 VIEWING ANGLE ,
C D = DISTANCE TO
FOCUS ,
C = ‘C’ VALUE ,
T = TREAD WIDTH ,
N = RISER HEIGHT AND
R = RISER HEIGHT FROM
N FOCUS.
R

T N = (R + C) X (D + T) R _
D
SPECTATOR VIEWING
Spectator viewing requires specific angles which ensure best possible views of the point of
focus, which is the cricket field. There is a certain ‘C’ value that has to be calculated in order
to maximize quality of spectator viewing.

T= DEPTH OF SITTING ROW

View distance
Shading Depth And Angle
The shading depth and angle of the gallery spaces are important for comfort and quality of
viewing so the spectators. The roof of the stadium provides such shading facilities to counter the
direct sunlight and rainfall. For multi-tier gallery systems, the upper gallery provides shade to the
lower one. The roof structure then provides shading for the upper gallery. Usually, half of the
gallery must be shaded by the upper tier or the roof structure
TYPICAL PRIVATE VIEWING BOX LAYOUT
Media facilities
Facilities for media are an integral part of stadium design, not least because of the large sums of
money that are now-a-days entered from the media rights for sporting events. These facilities
involve the three main categories of public information and entertainment services- the press
(including newspapers and magazines), radio and television. Clubs may also have their own media
requirements club TV and websites.
 Toilet Facilities:
 Sets of men’s and women’s rest room should be provided at one or more
locations on each public level.
 The required number of toilets per visitor is 0.01 of which,
 40% toilets for women.
 20% toilets for men.
 40% urinals.
 10% WC and 5% washbasins for every 500 women’s.
 2% WC and 4% washbasins for every 1000 men

 First Aid Rooms for the Public

 Stadium should be equipped with a first aid room for spectators.
 Public flow:
 Large sign are appreciate provides direction in the location of sections
entrances.
 Provision of emergency exit gates unlocked for all time.
 Stairway themselves should act as emergency exit.
 Staircase width(m)=number of spectator
Emptying time(s)X 1.25
 Emergency Exit
 In order to achieve this, management should ensure that:
 There are sufficient numbers of exits in suitable locations.
 All parts of exit routes are of adequate width and height.
 People do not have Average unobstructed waiking
on staircase 30m oer minute
to travel excessive
(1.8 KM/HR) Spacing between
distances in order to people is 0.75 m.
exit from the spectator.
Entry and emergency exit timing
The entry and exit timing has to be strictly controlled so that the spectators and all other
people can be evacuated from the stadium within a limited given time. The standard timing
for emergency exit to safety zones, i.e the ground level opening is a maximum of 8 minutes.
This measurement is made from the basic walking velocities of the people through various
modes of circulations such as horizontal and vertical circulation. This velocity, together with
the unit width of the exit routes are calculated to form the efficient circulation system where
the evacuation time of maximum 8 minutes is designed.

Average unobstructed walking velocity is 1 50 m per minute. A person exits every

second or every 2.5 metres. (9 km/h)
One line exit width allows 60 people to pass through it in 1 minute
 Fire Safety :
 Adopt measures designed to minimize the fire risk
 Ensure that measures are taken to restrict the rate of early fire growth
and fire spread
 Provide and protect sufficient emergency evacuation
 Provide appropriate fire detection and warning systems

 Signage:
 a. Safety signs
 b. Information signs
 c. Commercial signs and hoardings
 ROOFING STRUCUTRE:
 TYPES OF ROOFING SYSTEM IN STADIUM:
 Pitched truss
 King post truss
 Queen post truss
 Post and beam structures
 Goal post structures
 Cantilever structures
 Concrete shell structures
 Compression/ tension ring
Tension structures- catenary cable and cable net structures.
LONG SPAN STRUCTURE:
•Structure with span larger than 20m can be regarded as long span structure
for this span is usually unable to be achieved by ordinary RC structure.
•Long-span buildings create unobstructed, column-free spaces greater than
30 meters (100 feet) for a variety of functions.
 Common Structural Forms for Long Span Building Structures:
 Insitu RC, tensioned
 Precast concrete, tensioned
 Structural steel – erected on spot
 Structural steel – prefabricated
 Portal frame – insitu RC
 Portal frame – precast
 Portal frame – prefabricated steel
 MAJOR TYPES OF LONG SPAN STRUCTURE:
 Space truss:

 Cable Structure:
Pneumatic Structure:
 Pneumatic structure is a membrane which carries load developed from the
tensile stresses.
 Pneumatic structures have a wide range of possible materials.

Shell Structure:
 There are three main types of shell roof:
 The single barrel shell
 Multi barrel shell
 The continuous barrel

 Umbrella structure:
RETRACTABLE ROOF STRUCTURE
Retractable rooftop structures in arenas and sports lobbies can be characterized as pursues:
"Retractable rooftop structures are a kind of rooftop structure, which can be totally or
somewhat moved or collapsed in a brief timeframe so the structure can be utilized with an
open or shut rooftop”. The way toward opening and shutting of the rooftop structure can be
executed when the structure isn't being used or at the same time with an action occurring. In
either case, security of all structure clients is of vital concern.
SPACE FRAME STRUCTURE
The space network framework (Space Frame) is an engineering arrangement with certain
characteristics all around separated over another sort of structures: Flexibility and versatility
recognize our space support frameworks, whose tasteful intrigue makes them perfect for little
scale shades, and whose capacity to effectively suit point loads at practically any area makes
conceivable the execution of long-length structures. With a reputation of achievement in such
shifted applications as games corridors, strip malls, air terminal concourses, plane shelters,
running dividers, mechanical structures, and so forth.
CANTILEVER FORM OF STRUCTURE:-
The cantilever is a standard answer for the issue of giving unhampered viewings. The cantilever
is an auxiliary component bolstered at the one end just, with all the heap connected to the
structure being conveyed back to the one end. The quantity of these basic components can be
set at right points to the edge of the pitch and connected together to frame a stand rooftop.
Hence rooftop can be upheld to the back just, leaving the front free of meddling supporting
sections.
 Other Facilities :

 Gift and souvenir shops:

 Ticketing Facility

 Gallery

 Museum

 Gardens
 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR CRICKET ACADEMY:

 Warm-up Areas/practice areas:

 Outdoor practice nets

 These areas should have a grass surface (artificial turf is acceptable) and
be surrounded by plain walls with no protrusions. Outdoor areas should be
sufficiently lit to enable their use at night.

 Turf practice wickets

 20.12mX2.5m per wicket
 Synthetic practice wicket
 20.12mX3 per wicket
 The length of the overall practice net area is to be a minimum of 50m and
the height is generally 5m.
 Indoor practice nets and facilities:
 Key design features:
 • Clearly identified entrance
 • Well-articulated structure
 • Prominent signage
 • Crisp detailing
 • High quality roof and wallcladding.
 Some of the features of the indoor practice facilities are:
 For five (5) indoor nets (wickets) each with a minimum width of 3m and
allowing 2m wide walkway on one side of the centre
 Overall the indoor centre to have an internal width of 20m and a length of
50m
 The indoor centre to be a column free minimum height of 5m
 Fixing of cameras and video recording systems as well as extensive lighting
and sound equipment
 INDOOR ARENA DESIGN AND PAVILIONS:
 Careful planning of the Arena’s accommodation is essential to ensure its
success and integral to this is consideration of the Arena’s use and operation.
 How the building is to be used by visitors and staff must be thought about
during the design phase.
 The building should be easy to understand for existing and new users, with
simple circulation and straightforward access to the sports courts.
 The Arena is not a sterile environment but should generate a sense of
atmosphere and excitement on approach to the sports courts.
 Visitor facilities should be sized to suit occupancy levels and patterns of use
and, along with staffed areas, can be located to assist the management and
running of the Arena, minimizing staff levels.
 Although no two facilities are the same, in addition to the actual playing
environment, there are requirements common to all Arenas whether newly built
or a conversion of an existing building.
 Layouts will vary considerably depending on the Arena size, the sports and
other activities on offer
 Changing rooms:
 Changing capacity should be calculated to cope with normal, maximum
occupancy when all courts and other activities are operating
 There must be changing accessible to disabled players.
 At least one individual unisex accessible changing room with shower and
toilet.
 -It should have an access to the external pitches.
 Changing rooms should be designed with high ceilings
 STORAGES:
 -Sufficient storage capacity for sports equipment is essential, and this
should be provided in suitably located stores.

 -Sufficient storage capacity for sports equipment is essential, and this

should be provided in suitably located stores.
 Lockers, bag drop and buggy store:

 -Lockers are best located behind the courts where they restrict space less
than in changing rooms, are convenient for use by all patrons and are less
susceptible to vandalism
 -Allowance needs to be made for the storage of personal cricket
equipment.
 ACADEMIC AND OTHER FACILITIES:
 Lecture hall
 Room size: 26' X 30’ for 35.
 Separate tablet armchairs for 35 students
 The seven seats spacing of 3' 6” laterally and 4' 6" between the end seat
and side walls
 This arrangement requires about 22 square feet of space per student
 HOSTEL/DORMITORY
 It is the residence where students stay for studying, training and some
other proposes.
 It is facilitated with facilities like, study room, bedroom, dining/lounge
area, recreational area, laundry, entertainment area, and many other
facilities

 Size of Bed/Bedrooms:

 Single Rooms
 Minimum recommended area - 90 sqft
 Optimum recommended area - 110 sqft
 Generous recommended area - 120 sq. Ft

 Double rooms with bunked beds
 Minimum recommended area - 140 sqft
 Optimum recommended area - 160 sqft
 Generous recommended area - 180 sqft
 Double rooms without bunked beds
 Minimum recommended area - 180 sqft
 Optimum recommended area - 220 sqft
 Generous recommended area - 240 sqft
 Kitchen/dining

 Space for dining areas is usually based

on the number of square feet per
person seated times the number of
persons seated at one time.

 Dining room: 60% of total area

 Kitchen (cooking, storage,
preparation): 40-50% of total area
 Seating requirements
 Small children: 8s q ft
 Adult seating: 12 sqft
 Banquet seating: 10 sqft
 Deluxe seating: 30 sqft
 Place seating for adults: 24 inch
 Place seating for child: 20 inch
 Area required for seating

Table 2.4-1: space required for different seating

 PHYSICAL THERAPY DEPARTMENT:
 They include:
 reception area,5m2
 staff space,
 examining room,
 Treatment areas,
 Toilet facilities,
 Storage.
 Gym hall
 No of users – 40-50
 Room size – at least 200m²
 Height – 3m
 Width of room for double row arrangement of machine – at least 6m
 The length of room to allow clear supervision of all trainers – 15m or less
 For 12 users minimum room size is – 40m²
Sauna
 The sauna is more than a method of bathing in hot and cold water. It is a
type of physical cleansing, almost a ritual, and it is now an essential part of all
modern sports facilities.

 Construction
 The bathing room should be as small as possible: - A = <16m²
 H = <2.5m
 Wall & ceiling should be lined with dark colored timber to reduce heat
radiation. Walls are solid softwood timber, with an exception of the oven.
Sauna view Swimming pool plan
 Swimming pool

 Changing room- at least 30 lockers and no less than 7.50m length of

bench.
 The ratio of changing rooms spaces to lockers ranges up to 1:8.
 Minimum clear height of 2.50m
 Dimension of the room should be 1m wide, 1.25m deep and 2m high
 Changing rooms for wheel chairs users need overall measurements of 2m
wide, 1m deep, 2m deep and a clear door width of 0.8m.
 Lockers are 0.25m or 0.33m wide and 1.80m or 0.90m high and with a
clear depth of 0.50m.
 Ice Baths:
 Usually a bath tub is placed in the dressing room or the physiotherapy room
and filled with ice so that the players can recover from the injuries. They are
an important part of modern day players fitness.

SUSTAINABILITY AND MANAGEMENT PLAN:

 Reduce general energy consumption.
 Reduce waste and carbon emissions.
 introduce the means to generate energy locally
 Promote the rational use and recycling of natural resources, primarily
water.
 Natural lighting with use of transparent or translucent roofing materials
 Natural heating and cooling
 Rainwater harvesting
 Grey water re-use
 Solar panels and wind energy.
THANK U