THE CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW

KELOMPOK 3
- Anti Azizah Aprilianti (120620190021)
- Kamilia Lestari (120620190015)
- Deni Hidayat (120620190010)
The Function of The Critical Literature Review
A literature review
is “the selection of available documents (both published
and unpublished) on the topic, which contain information,
ideas, data and evidence written from a particular
standpoint to fulfill certain aims or express certain views on
the nature of the topic and how it is to be investigated, and
the effective evaluation of these documents in relation to
the research being proposed”
a literature review ensures that:
1. The research effort is positioned relative to existing
knowledge and builds on this knowledge.
2. You can look at a problem from a specific angle; it
shapes your thinking and sparks useful insights on
the topic of your research.
3. You do not run the risk of “reinventing the wheel”, that
is, wasting effort on trying to rediscover something that
is already known.
a literature review ensures that:
4. You are able to introduce relevant terminology and to define key terms used
in your writing. This is
important because the same term may have different meanings, depending on
the context in which it is
used. Definitions will also help you to give structure to your essay, article or
report (see Box 4.1 for
an example).
5. You obtain useful insights of the research methods that others have used to
provide an answer to similar
research questions. Knowledge of the research methods used by others allows
you to replicate existing
research, which will help you to relate your research findings to the findings of
others.
a literature review ensures that:
6. The research effort can be contextualized in a wider
academic debate. In other words, it allows you to
relate your findings to the findings of others.
HOW TO APPROACH THE LITERATURE REVIEW?
Data sources
Textbooks
Journals
Theses
Conference proceedings
Unpublished manuscripts
Reports
Newspapers
The Internet
Searching for literature
Most libraries have the following electronic resources at
their disposal :
Electronic journals.
Full‐text databases.
Bibliographic databases.
Abstract databases.
Evaluating the literature (1)
To assess the quality of recent research (indeed, in this case you cannot
use the number of citations as an indicator of the quality of an article) you
could ask the following questions:
Is the main research question or problem statement presented in a clear
and analytical way?
Is the relevance of the research question made transparent?
Does this study build directly upon previous research?
Will the study make a contribution to the field?
Is there a theory that guides the research?
Is the theory described relevant and is it explained in an understandable,
structured, and convincing manner?
Are the methods used in the study explained in a clear manner
(description of methods)?
Evaluating the literature (2)
Is the choice of certain methods motivated in a convincing way
(justification of methods)?
Is the sample appropriate?
Are the research design and/or the questionnaire appropriate for this
study?
Are the measures of the variables valid and reliable?
Has the author used the appropriate quantitative and/or qualitative
techniques?
Do the conclusions result from the findings of the study?
Do the conclusions give a clear answer to the main research question?
Has the author considered the limitations of the study?
Has the author presented the limitations in the article?
Documenting the literature review
As discussed earlier, the purpose of the literature review is
to identify and highlight important variables, and to
document important findings from previous research that
will serve as the basis for the current theoretical framework
and hypothesis. Why does it have to be documented? This
is to convince the reader that the researcher has mastered
the problem and has done a good preliminary to
conducting research. Documentation is also important for
the preparation of the theoretical framework above the
previous research and this research will be able to
contribute to the existing knowledge base.
Ethical Issues
Earlier in this chapter we have explained that research
involves building on the work of others. When you
summarize, add to, or challenge the work of others, there
are two important pitfalls that you have to beware of:
1. Purposely misrepresenting the work of other authors –
that is, their view points, ideas, models, findings,
conclusions, interpretations, and so on.
2. Plagiarism – the use of another’s original words,
arguments, or ideas as though they were your own,
even if this is done in good faith, out of carelessness, or
out of ignorance.
Common Forms Of Plagiarism
Source Not Cited Source Cited
- The Gost Writer - The Forgottern
- The Photocopy Fotnote
- The Potluck Paper - The Misinformer
- The Poor Disguise - The Too-Perfect
Paraphrase
- The Labor of Lazines
- The Resourceful Citer
- The Self-Stealer
- The Perfect Crime
Plagiarism Checker Software
https://www.turnitin.com/
https://www.plagiarizechecker.com/
Some Online Resources Useful For Business
Research
1. Online Database
- ABI/INFORM Global
- The Business Periodicals Index (BPI)
- Dow Jones Factiva
- EconLit, etc
2. On The Web
- General
- Accounting
- Management
- Financial Economics
- Marketing
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL DATABASES
 Bibliographic Index
 Business Books in Printing
 Business Periodicals Index
 Management Information Guide
 Human Resource Management Abstract
 Psychological Abstract
 Public Affairs Information Service Bulletin
 Work Related Abstract
APA FORMAT FOR REFERENCING RELEVANT
ARTICLE
3 Modes of Referencing
 Publication Manual of The American Psycological
Association (APA) 2012
 The Chicago Manual of Style (2010)
 Turbian's Manual for Writers (2013)
Referencing Print Media
- Book By a single author - More than one book by the same
- Book By more than one author author in the same year
- Newspaper Article, no Author
- Book Review - Paper Presentation at conference
- Chapter in an edited book - Unpublish Manuscript
- Conference proceedings publication
- Doctoral publication
- Edited Book
- Edited Book, digital, with DOI
- Journal Article
- Journal Article in press
- Journal Article with DOI
Referencing Non Print Media
- App - Streaming Video (for instance from
- Conference Proceeding from the Internet youtube)
- Tweet
- Dictionary - Wikipedia
- E-book
- Electcronic Journal Article
- Message Posted to Online forum or discussion group
- Online Document
- Online Document, No author identified, no Date
- Podcast
- Report from private organization, available on
organization's website
REFERENCING AND QUOTATION IN THE
LITERATURE REVIEW SECTION
Cite all references in the body of the paper using the
author-year method of citation; that is, the surename of
the author(s) and the year of publication are given in
appropriate places. Examples of this area as follows:
 Todd (2015) found the more motivated students are ....
 More recent studies of transformational leadership
(Hunt, 2014; Osborn, 2013)focus on ....
 In a follow-up study from 2013, Green demonstrates ....
Quotation in text
Quotation should be given exactly as they appear in the
source. The original wording, punctuation, spelling, and
italics must be preserved even if they are erroneous. The
citation of the source of a direct quotation should always
include the page number(s) as well as the reference.
HOW TO USE MENDELEY ?

https://www.mendeley.com/