Towards A Sustainable World

“TOWARDS A
SUSTAINABLE WORLD”
(BRAIN MAPPING)
PRESENTED BY:
GROUP 3 School Name • Ms. Writer • September 4, 20XX
CHRISTIAN PAUL GABAYERON
ALBERT AGUIRRE
RUTH MAQUISO
MADONNA RIEGO
ENGELBERT DEL PILAR
QUEENCEE CLAIRE TALBO
“TOWARDS A
SUSTAINABLE
SUSTAINABLE
ECONOMIC WORLD”
SYSTEMS
STABILITY
SUSTAINABLE
ECONOMIC
SYSTEMS
By: Pociennik
Sebastian
STABILITY The global crisis in
the 1970s, the time
of surprising
stagflation (rise in
Firmness in position, inflation and
permanence, and unemployment),
resistance to opened the gates
Firmness
change, in inposition, permanence, and resistance to
especially change, especially
for new economic
way – ideas.
ina disruptive
a disruptive way – these are general associations connected with the
these are general
associations term ‘stability’.
(International
connected with the
Monetary Fund, 2012)
term ‘stability’.
- describes it as ‘avoiding
large swings in economic
activity, high inflation,
and excessive volatility in
exchange rates and
financial markets.
STABILITY
Firmness
The challengeinis position, permanence, and resistance to change, especially
that excessive Classical economists
in highs
a disruptive
and lows
way – these are general associations connected
of this epoch with the
should be avoided. term ‘stability’. believed in the self-
regulation ability of
economic systems
The fluctuations
and, in their view, an
themselves are
unrestricted price
unavoidable – like the
mechanism should
business cycle – but a
be enough to restore
clever stabilization
stability – at least in
policy could flatten and
the long term.
shorten them without
changing significantly
long-term trends of
growth.
STABILITY
SUSTAINABLE
ECONOMIC
SYSTEMS
SUSTAINABILITY By: Pociennik
Sebastian
SUSTAINABILITY
The endogenous
-it is about factors, like human
responsible use of capital and education,
resources. were recognized as
crucial for growth and
Economics had a certain
Firmness in position, permanence, and resistance to change,
problem with especially
their application was
free from the steady
in a disruptive way – these are general associations connected
sustainability, analyzing with ofthe
state problem
mainly the questions of
long-term growth.
classical resources.
SUSTAINABILITY
the capitalist So far there have

system faced been many
open/waste conferences on
spaces of the climate change and
globe and was framework
free to expand agreements but their
Firmness in position,
and exploit permanence, and resistance to
the earth seemed to be a
change, especially
effectiveness is not
resources. very high.
in a disruptive way – these are
spacegeneral associations
able to deliver an connected with the
unlimited number of
chances and goods, and
simultaneously adopt
unlimited pollution,
slavery, and violence.
STABILITY
SUSTAINABLE
ECONOMIC
SYSTEMS
Sebastian
Towards a
Sustainable
Economic Model
Towards a
Sustainable
Economic Model
Three
areas of
economic
models.
Firmness in position, permanence, and resistance to change, especially
in a disruptive way – these are general associations connected with the
Three
areas of
economic
-the issue of
models. -a redesign needs a
wider look at what is
what is an
economic growth
‘efficient
and what kind of
market’ needs
growth is compatible
some new
clarification.
permanence, and resistance to change, especially
with the idea of
sustainability.
-we must accept the fact that there
might be many different institutional
ways to efficient economic systems, but
it does not necessarily mean that some
of them are a prior more efficient, stable
and better for sustainability, then the
others.
STABILITY
SUSTAINABLE
ECONOMIC
SYSTEMS
Sebastian
Towards a
Sustainable
Economic Model
Complexity
Approach to
Markets
Complexity
Approach to
Markets
Markets are the
most substantial,
constructional There is a huge need
element of for a more holistic and
economies. organic approach to
However, economies.
nowadays we are
dealing with
Firmness in position, permanence,
biases which and resistance to change, especially
This mechanistic
in a understanding
disruptive
make
way – these paradigm
are general associations connected with the
has dominated
economics since the
their functioning term ‘stability’.
nineteenth century, both
puzzling. in academia and
economic policy.
Complexity
Approach to
Markets
interdisciplinary
approaches into the
mainstream,
including
psychology,
political science
sociology, but also
Firmness in its
biology with position, permanence, and resistance to change, especially
evolutionary
in a disruptive
elements and way – these are general
There associations connected with the
is a very serious
neuro-economics,
as well as physics
problem with imposing
such new rules on more
to explain problems and more globally
of imbalances and oriented markets.
bubbles in complex
systems.
STABILITY
SUSTAINABLE
ECONOMIC
SYSTEMS
Sebastian
PLURALISM OF
Towards a DEVELOPMENT
MODEL
Sustainable
Economic Model Complexity
Approach to
Markets
Complexity
Approach to
Markets
interdisciplinary
approaches into the
mainstream,
including
psychology,
political science
sociology, but also
Firmness in its
biology with position, permanence, and resistance to change, especially
evolutionary
in a disruptive
elements and way – these are general
There associations connected with the
is a very serious
neuro-economics,
as well as physics
problem with imposing
such new rules on more
to explain problems and more globally
of imbalances and oriented markets.
bubbles in complex
systems.
PLURALISM OF
DEVELOPMENT
MODEL
How
Convergence
Failed
How
Convergence
Failed
it increased
exposition of the
The third
world economic
systems on crisis problem is the
The neo-liberal
and contagion legitimacy of
agenda brought,
effects since market-based
most reforms however, some
solutions.
were aiming at problems.
national
deregulation
which was not
àre placed by
efficient global
regulation.
The second
problem
concerned
efficiency.
PLURALISM OF
DEVELOPMENT
MODEL
How
Convergence
Failed
Varieties of
Capitalism.
Varieties of
Capitalism.
Firstly, it
considers firms as From the variety of
the most systems, we can
important actors distinguish two
for welfare outermost, theoretical
creation in models: liberal market
national economy (LME) and
economies, since coordinated market
Firmness in
they provide position, permanence, and resistance to change, especially
economy (CME).
To achieve their goals,
in ainnovations
disruptive and way – these are general associations connected with the
they need access to
new products.
resources, to mention
the most fundamental
ones – capital, labor and
skills.
STABILITY
SUSTAINABLE Approaches
ECONOMIC
to Growth
SYSTEMS
Sebastian
PLURALISM OF
Towards a DEVELOPMENT
MODEL
Sustainable
Economic Model Complexity
Approach to
Markets
Approaches to
Growth
The Roll-Over
Effect
The Roll-Over
Effect
Modern capitalism Longer working time

developed in the can quickly boost the
last 200 years supply of labor, but in
based itself on the the longer term, it can
assumption of cause lower birth
growth and rates, a higher
expansion. The
more products we permanence, and resistance to change, especially
propensity of
diseases, in particular,
in a disruptive
are able to way – these are general associations connected
First of all the GDP with the
burnout syndrome,
deliver, the better depression and
for everybody. term ‘stability’.
offers statistical
precision and cardiovascular
comparative perspective, diseases – all in all,
since it is relatively easy challenges for the
to apply similar labor market.
techniques of collecting
and converting data in
countries across the
world.
Approaches to
Growth
The Roll-Over
Effect
More Growth
More Growth
Economies
should still take
care of their Such a way is
output level, so considered as safe for
the GDP remains economies since it
the most does not exert a push
important point of
reference.
to reduce energy
consumption too
in a disruptive way – these Another
are general associations
assumption is a connected with the
quickly.
term
strong‘stability’.
belief in
technological progress.
It will increase
productivity and, in
particular, save
resources.
Approaches to
Growth
The Roll-Over Amended

Effect Growth
More Growth
These and many
other initiatives
cannot drown out
the fact that a
universal, globally
It sees the GDP
used and renowned
index as an Amended index connecting
important
measure of Growth level production
with the quality of
human
life is still not
achievements,
available.
but it has to be
combined with
additional indexes
which refer to
in aseveral
disruptive
aspects of way – these are general associations connected with the
quality of life and term ‘stability’. It analyzes income,
sustainability.
health, education and
Some countries are environment, a so-
pretty much called ecologic
advanced in the footprint.
application of their
own indexes.
Approaches to
Growth
End of
Growth
The Roll-Over
Effect
Amended
term ‘stability’. Growth
More Growth
It could work in
developed economies
but would be fiercely
rejected in developing,
The search can
currently booming
be speeded up by
the economic End of economies, whose
citizens dream about a
crisis and
cassandric voices
Growth similar level of material
GDP measured
that our global
affluence.
economic system
is now at the end
of its known
Firmness shape.in position,
term ‘stability’. The last 200 years of
growth followed from
most important an extreme,
argument is, however, unprecedented wave
a slower pace of of new techniques of
innovation – a crucial production: from
point for explaining steam engine and
lower rates of mass manufacturing
productivity rise. to the internet.
“TOWARDS A
SUSTAINABLE
SUSTAINABLE
ECONOMIC WORLD”
SYSTEMS
Global Food
Security: The
Challenge of
Feeding the
World
Global Food Security: The Challenge
of Feeding the World By: Barthwal-
Datta Monika
An Evolving
Concept What is Food
Security?
An Evolving
Concept
In general, the
absence of food
security – or the
prevalence of food in Three distinct
security – is qualified
by the presence of
paradigm.
hunger and
malnourishment.
in a disruptive way – these arearegeneral

While there associations connected with the
many definitional
variations of food security, broadly
term
speaking, ‘stability’.
academics,
policymakers, and practitioners
around the world have embraced
successive official definitions of the
concept provided by the United
Nations.
Three distinct
paradigm.
through the late 1970s

the third shift
and early 1980s, the
indicates a move
academic and policy
away from a
discourse on food
purely calorie-
security witnessed a
shift
and the
highlighted
resistance to change, especially
counting
shift away from the
in a disruptive
rather limiting focus onway – these importance
are general associations connected
of livelihood with the
approach to food
security as a key security.
food availability and
household priority and
supply as the core
concerns of food component of food
security. security, shaping
decisions around whether
or not to go hungry in the
short term in order to
preserve livelihood-
sustaining assets in the
long term.
Datta Monika
An Evolving
Security?
Food Security
and Human
Security
Food Security and
Human Security
Since the early

1990s, food security The literature examining the
has become strongly impact of high food prices on
associated with the political stability emphasizes
wider concept of several contextual factors as
human security. underlying facilitators for such
unrest, including weak
in a disruptive way – these areis general
Poverty the main causeassociations connected with the
governance institutions,
of food insecurity, which socio-economic inequalities,
is, interm ‘stability’.
turn, linked more injustice and political
broadly to ‘political repression.
security, socio-economic
development, human
rights and the
environment’, placing it
squarely at the heart of all
human security concerns.
Datta Monika
An Evolving
Security?
Food Security
and Human
Security
Key Critiques
of Food
Security
Key Critiques of
Food Security
The official
conceptualization of
food security stands a heavy focus on trade and
critiqued for several export-oriented agriculture as
reasons, but perhaps the main pathway out of food
most devastatingly for insecurity is arguably
its disregard for power and resistance to change, especially
‘Food security is underpinned by a serious
commitment the ‘right to
relations characterizing
food systems, and for general associations connected with the
agnostic about the
production regime, trade’ as enshrined in the
its emphasis on a
trade- based approach
term
about ‘stability’.
the social and World Trade Organization
(WTO) regime.
economic conditions
to resolving hunger. under which food
ends up on the table’
Datta Monika
An Evolving
Security?
Food Security
and Human
Security
Key Critiques Global Food

of Food Security –
Security Key Trends
Global Food
Security – Key
Trends
The future of global

food security relies on
how states and other Moreover, food system
actors respond to a interactions, activities, and
range of complex, outcomes take place within
interconnected and wider social and economic
multi-faceted forces
affecting food systems
and resistance to change, especially
These food system power relations and
structures that play a
activities, outcomes, and
in a disruptive way – these
around the world. are general
interactions at the local, associations connected with the
significant role in determining
national and regional levels how food security dynamics
term
have over ‘stability’.
the recent past emerge and affect those who
become increasingly tied up are reliant upon them.
in a complex global network
of relations, which is further
enmeshed within other
global networks such as
transport,
telecommunications, and
finance
Datta Monika
An Evolving
Security?
Rising Food
Food Security
Prices and
and Human
Poverty
Security
Key Critiques Global Food

of Food Security –
Security Key Trends
Rising Food Prices
and Poverty
The prices of key

staples such as wheat,
rice, maize, and
soybean as well as many analysts have
edible oils all soared, emphasized the role of
and as mentioned ongoing world population
earlier, they helped growth and the corresponding
Sharp and sudden increases
precipitate civil unrest growth in the demand for
in food prices are
in a disruptive way – these are togeneral
small farmersassociations connected with the
in the form of protests food, and rising incomes and
and riots in numerous detrimental growing per capita food
countries around the
world.
who often lack the capacity
to respond to such price
consumption in developing
countries in particular
increases in time to be able
to take advantage of them.
Rising Food Prices
and Poverty
On the supply side,

analysts have
highlighted recent or The ‘financialization’ of food,
ongoing trends such as as reflected in growing
the rising cost of fuel financial speculation in the
and agricultural inputs agricultural commodities
like fertilizers and and resistance to change, especially
Other voices emphasize futures markets, is also
pesticides. more urgently the role of emphasized
in a disruptive way – these arestructural
deeper generalissues associations connected with the
related to the corporate food
term
regime ‘stability’.
and argue that
recent global food price
spikes have occurred in the
context of the ‘artificial
cheapening of traded food.
Datta Monika
Population
What is Food
Growth and Security?
Urbanization
Population Growth
and Urbanization
The argument that a

gradually rising global
population is behind Subsequently, the over-65
sharp and sudden populations are now the
increases in global food fastest growing group across
prices is a dubious one. Asia.
Most of this increaseand
in resistance to change, especially
in a disruptive way – these
comeare general associations connected with the
demand is expected to
from developing
countries, particularly in
parts of Asia and Africa.
Population Growth
and Urbanization
In China, for example,

approximately 150
As more and more people,
million people have
especially amongst the youth,
migrated from rural to
move from rural to urban
urban areas over the
areas in search of better
previous two decades,
and it is expected that
Most of this increase in
livelihoods, there are fewer
people of working age left
in a disruptive way – these demand
another 300 million will
do so over the next few
are general
is expected toassociations connected with the
behind to produce the
come from developing growing quantities of food
decades. termparticularly
countries, ‘stability’.
in required to meet rising
parts of Asia and Africa. demand in urban areas.
Population Growth
and Urbanization
Moreover, a growing
number of households
in rural areas across As urban populations expand
Asia are now headed further, the pressure on food
by women, who tend to systems in terms of the
lack access to the
same socio-economic and resistance to change, especially
The mass movement of
people from rural to
increased demand for land
and water, and environmental
in a disruptive way – these are general
has also associations connected with the
rights as their male degradation and pollution
urban areas
counterparts. from urban and industrial
been accompanied by a
term
rapid ‘stability’.
and ongoing waste are set to intensify
expansion of cities and further.
slums in parts of Asia.
Datta Monika
Population
What is Food
Urbanization
Rising Incomes
and Changing
Diets
Rising Incomes and
Changing Diets
An overall growing
global population
means a corresponding Nonetheless, the overall
increase in the total demand for grains for direct
demand for food at the consumption and indirect
global level.
Firmness in position, permanence, andof resistance to change, especially
Global consumption
consumption through animal
products (particularly poultry,
meat increased by
around 62 percent associations connected with the
pork, eggs and dairy items)
continues to expand.
between 1963 and 2005,
term
and ‘stability’.
consumption in
developing countries
grew by threefold during
this period.
Datta Monika
Population
What is Food
Urbanization
Rising Incomes
and Changing
Diets Biofuel Production,
Land Use Change,
and Access to
Land
Biofuel Production,
Land Use Change,
and Access to Land
The global surge in

biofuel production was
triggered in 2004–5, Apart from competing with the
when the United States demand for food grains for
and the EU adopted a (direct or indirect) human
number of policies and
incentives to boost
-biofuel production – and
consumption, and putting
upward pressure on global
in a disruptive way – thesepolicies
biofuel consumption
(USAID, 2009)
are general
that encourage
and support it – have
associations connected with the
food prices, there is now
widespread agreement that
term
become ‘stability’.
highly biofuel production also has
controversial in the serious environmental and
context of global food socio-economic implications
security. that impinge on food security
concerns at the local and
global levels.
Datta Monika
Population
What is Food
Urbanization
Climate
Change
Rising Incomes
and Changing
Diets Biofuel Production,
Land Use Change,
and Access to
Land
Climate Change
Climate change affects

all four dimensions of
food security: food Low-income developing
availability, food countries tend to lack
accessibility, food adequate infrastructure for

utilization and food
systems stability.
Overall, studies show
health care, and large chunks
of the population often do not
that the impacts of associations connected with the
have access to basic
amenities such as clean
climate change will be
term
mixed and‘stability’.
uneven drinking water and sanitation.
across regions.
Climate Change
Even as climate change

seriously undermines The surge in global food
livelihoods in developing prices in 2007–8 was critical
countries that rely heavily in putting global food security
on agriculture, it is high on the agenda of
expected to cause and resistance to change, especially
Overall, studies show
governments, international
institutions, regional
further increases in
global food prices and
that general
the impacts of associations connected with the
organizations, NGOs and a
climate change will be host of other actors around
continue to drive people
out from their homes
term
mixed and ‘stability’.
uneven the world.
across regions.
within countries and
across borders in search
of food, water, and
livelihoods.
Climate Change
Even as climate change

seriously undermines The official approach to food
livelihoods in developing security stands either
countries that rely heavily seriously challenged or
on agriculture, it is
expected to cause
explicitly rejected by those
promoting alternative
There is also
further increases in
global food prices and general
pronounced emphasis associations connected with the
approaches to pursuing
global food security for
on the need for freer
continue to drive people
out from their homes
agricultural trade
several reasons.
across state borders,
within countries and
which in turn requires
across borders in search
the lowering of trade
of food, water, and
barriers by developing
livelihoods.
countries in particular,
and aversion to what is
viewed as
protectionism on behalf
of the latter in general.
“TOWARDS A
SUSTAINABLE Global Civil
SUSTAINABLE
ECONOMIC WORLD” Society:
SYSTEMS Acting as
Global
Citizens
Global Food
Security: The
Challenge of
Feeding the
World
Global Civil
Global Civil
Society: Acting as
Society
Global Citizens
By: April Carter

Global Civil Society
The concept of civil

society has become Civil society has until very
central to the social recently been understood
theory since the 1980s primarily within the context of
the nation-state, and its
when dissident
intellectuals in Eastern significance has lain in
defining a sphere outside
Europe looked to social
networks initiated from
By nogeneral
means all theassociations connected with the
direct state control.
activities and
below to provide a
sphere of independence
institutions of civil
society within states,
from the state and a therefore, are explicitly
basis for resistance. political – indeed many
are social, religious,
cultural or professional.
Global Civil Society
At the other extreme, global

The meaning of civil
civil society may be identified
society when transferred
with social protest
to international politics,
where there is no strong
movements and with
organizations providing aid.
overarching central
state, is clearly general
Global civil society associations connected with the
This is excessively narrow.
builds upon the
somewhat different.
autonomy of civil
society bodies within
their own nation-states
and links them within a
transnational realm
independent of all
nation states.
Global Civil
Global Civil
Society: Acting as
Society
Global Citizens
By: April Carter
Campaigning for
human rights:
cosmopolitan
principles and
international
law.
Campaigning for human
rights: cosmopolitan
principles and international
law.
Transnational
organizations supporting
It also developed into a
human rights are often
genuinely transnational
cited in discussion of
organization with national
both global society and
global citizenship.
sections as members, and
with groups and individual
Amnesty mobilized itsassociations connected with the
supporters in over 100
supporters to take part countries by 1997.
in symbolic
demonstrations and to
form local groups that
would ‘adopt’ and
campaign on behalf of
particular prisoners.
Campaigning for human
rights: cosmopolitan
principles and international
law.
Amnesty appeals to Despite its impressive record

individual governments of cosmopolitan achievement,
to rectify abuses by Amnesty’s policy is open to
letter-writing campaigns the criticism that it is biased
and sometimes through
sending delegations.
towards the West, and does
not take due account of the
In general, Amnestyassociations connected with the
realities of developing
has from the beginning countries.
termthe‘stability’.
argued need for
stronger international
institutions to protect
human rights.
Global Civil
Global Civil
Society: Acting as
Society
Global Citizens
By: April Carter
Campaigning for
human rights:
cosmopolitan
principles and
international
law. Women’s rights
and
transnational
solidarity.
Women’s rights and
transnational solidarity.
There are numerous

transnational networks
and organizations
campaigning on issues Latin American women also
affecting women, and played a decisive role in

their numbers and
influence have grown as
getting the UN to commit
itself in principle to proper
They were building on the
in a disruptive way – these work
a result of the new wave areof general
transnational associations connected with the
representation of women
within its own organs.
of feminism in the 1970s.
organizations that had put
term
pressure on the‘stability’.
League of
Nations to embody in
international law women’s
rights at work and the
right of married women to
a clear national status to
avoid the danger of
statelessness.
Despite its impressive record

The new feminism
of cosmopolitan achievement,
emphasized the
Amnesty’s policy is open to
importance of providing
the criticism that it is biased
information and fostering
channels of
towards the West, and does
not take due account of the
Amnestyassociations connected with the
communication.
In general, realities of developing
has from the beginning countries.
termthe‘stability’.
argued need for
stronger international
institutions to protect
human rights.
The campaign groups of

the 1970s and 1980s
were more likely to be Recent awareness of the
explicitly feminist than crucial role women can play
the earlier women’s in economic development,

bodies, though they
reflected at an
widely accepted by
economists and aid
international level the
range of feminist
general associations connected with the
Feminism has also
always tended to make
institutions, illustrates well
this long-standing feminist
approaches within term ‘stability’.
links between the
improvement of
position.
western countries
women’s position and
general social
progress.
Global Civil
Global Civil
Society: Acting as
Society
Global Citizens
By: April Carter
Campaigning for Transnational

human rights: action for aid
cosmopolitan and
principles and development.
international
law. Women’s rights
and
transnational
solidarity.
Transnational action for aid
and development.
During the Second World

Giving material aid to War, there was widespread
people in distress in famine due to the destruction
other parts of the world caused by fighting, the

has roots in nineteenth-
century philanthropy.
unwillingness of occupying
German armies to divert
Until the 1940s offering
practical aid was seen
resources to the local
population and the British
as the responsibility of
voluntary charitable
blockade of supplies to
occupied countries.
bodies, often operated
by religious
organizations.
and development.
There has been a Development aid has also

significant growth in the raised basic questions about
provision of aid both by western assumptions of
national governments knowledge and expertise and
and international
agencies.
the need for the poor to have
a voice and central role in
Since 1945 numerous
nationally based associations connected with the
activities designed to assist
voluntary groups and them.
termtransnational
explicitly ‘stability’.
organizations have
sprung up to try to
alleviate suffering
around the world.
and development.
This response to
disasters like floods and The problems facing aid
earthquakes arguably organizations, whose aim is
falls into the category of the long-term eradication of
humanitarian gesture, poverty, arise primarily from

but can also be
interpreted as a form of
the fact that aid is being given
by groups and individual
human solidarity and a
cosmopolitan sense of
general associations connected with the
Providing relief to those
suffering as a result of
volunteers from the
developed North to people in
what unites people term ‘stability’.
wars between states or
civil war, despite its
the very much poorer
across frontiers. countries of the South.
obvious humanitarian
basis, can raise many
political issues.

Towards A Sustainable World

Încărcat de

Informații document

Titlu original

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Towards A Sustainable World

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

“TOWARDS A

the capitalist So far there have

Modern capitalism Longer working time

The Roll-Over Amended

in a disruptive way – these arearegeneral

through the late 1970s

Since the early

Key Critiques Global Food

The future of global

Key Critiques Global Food

The prices of key

On the supply side,

The argument that a

In China, for example,

The global surge in

Climate change affects

Firmness in position, permanence,

Even as climate change

Even as climate change

By: April Carter

The concept of civil

At the other extreme, global

By: April Carter

Amnesty appeals to Despite its impressive record

By: April Carter

There are numerous

Firmness in position, permanence, and resistance to change, especially

Despite its impressive record

The campaign groups of

Firmness in position, permanence, and resistance to change, especially

By: April Carter

Campaigning for Transnational

During the Second World

Firmness in position, permanence, and resistance to change, especially

There has been a Development aid has also

Firmness in position, permanence, and resistance to change, especially

S-ar putea să vă placă și