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 SOFTWAR
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• SOFTWARE is a set of instructions or
programs instructing a computer to
do specific tasks. Software is a
generic term used to describe
computer programs.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• Application software is software
designed to perform a group of
coordinated functions, tasks, or
activities for the benefit of the user.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• GENERAL PURPOSE APPLICATION
PROGRAMS
– A general purpose application,
sometimes known as ‘off-the-shelf’ is the
sort of software that you use at home
and school.
– It provides many features that the
majority of users will want e.g.
formatting text, creating charts,
organising tables.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• GENERAL PURPOSE APPLICATION
PROGRAMS
– There are several good reasons for using
general purpose software:
• It is relatively cheap
• It is easily available from most computer
shops
• It will have been thoroughly tested so there
won’t be
any serious problems or bugs
• There will be lots of user support i.e. books, user
guides, online help and discussion forums on
the Internet
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• GENERAL PURPOSE APPLICATION
PROGRAMS
– SOFTWARE SUITES: A
software suite is a packaged collection of
apps and software that has a similar brand or
user interface.
• Examples: MS-Office, Adobe Creative Suite
– WORD PROCESSING: a word
processing software is a computer program
or device that provides for input, editing,
formatting and output of text, often with
additional features.
• Examples: MS-Word, Google docs,
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• GENERAL PURPOSE APPLICATION
PROGRAMS
– SPREADSHEETS: Spreadsheet software is a software
application capable of organizing, storing and analyzing
data in tabular form.
• Examples: MS-Excel, OpenOffice Calc, Google
Sheets
– PRESENTATION GRAPHICS: Presentation
graphics software are tools that let people make
slideshows of charts, diagrams and graphics on the
computer that can be show to a group using a
projector.
• Examples: MS-Powerpoint, Apple Keynote, Prezi
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• GENERAL PURPOSE APPLICATION
PROGRAMS
– WEB BROWSER: A web browser, or simply
"browser," is an application used to access and view
websites.
• Examples: Edge, Firefox, Chrome
– ELECTRONIC MAIL (E-MAIL): Electronic mail
(email) is a digital mechanism for exchanging
messages.
• Examples: Gmail, Yahoomail
– GROUPWARE: Groupware is a class of
computer programs that enables individuals to
collaborate on projects with a common goal from
geographically dispersed locations through shared
Internet interfaces as a means to communicate within
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• GENERAL PURPOSE APPLICATION
PROGRAMS
– PERSONAL INFORMATION MANAGER: A personal
information manager (PIM) is a software application
that uses tools to manage contacts, calendars, tasks,
appointments and other personal data.
• Examples: MS-Outlook, Google Calendar
– DATABASE MANAGER: A database manager (DB
manager) is a computer program, or a set of
computer programs, that provide basic database
management functionalities including creation and
maintenance of databases.
• Examples: Microsoft Access, MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• APPLICATION-SPECIFIC
PROGRAMS
– Application-specific software packages are
customized to meet the needs of
particular applications.
– May also be referred to as “bespoke” software.
Bespoke software is a software application
developed specifically to your custom
requirements and is particularly used when
there is no 'off the shelf' alternative available.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• APPLICATION-SPECIFIC
PROGRAMS
– BUSINESS-ACCOUNTING: is a type
of software that accounting professionals
or business owners use to process
accounting transactions and manage
accounts.
– TRANSACTION PROCESSING: is
an information processing system for
business transactions involving the
collection, modification and retrieval of all
transaction data.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• APPLICATION-SPECIFIC PROGRAMS
– CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT:
is designed to help businesses meet the overall
goals of customer relationship management
– ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING:
they help companies implement
resource planning by integrating all of the
processes needed to run their operations with
a single system. An ERP software system can
also integrate planning, purchasing inventory,
sales, marketing, finance, human resources,
and more.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• APPLICATION-SPECIFIC PROGRAMS
– ELECTRONIC COMMERCE: is the engine
behind the scenes of an online store, making it
possible to easily manage inventory, add or
remove products, calculate taxes, and
everything else required to manage a website
and fulfill orders.
 SYSTEM SOFTWARE
• System software is a type of
computer program that is designed
to run a computer's hardware and
application programs.
 SYSTEM SOFTWARE
SYSTEM MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAM PROGRAM
– manages computer – Programs which are
systems in an enterprise, involved in the process of
which may include any and defining, designing, testing
all of the following and implementing a new
functions: software software application or
distribution and upgrading, program.
user profile management,
version control, backup
and recovery, printer
spooling, job scheduling,
virus protection and
performance and capacity
planning.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• SYSTEM MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS
– OPERATING SYSTEM: An operating
system or OS is a software program that
enables the computer hardware to
communicate and operate with the computer
software.
– All major computer platforms (hardware and
software) require and sometimes include an
operating system, and operating systems must
be developed with different features to meet
the specific needs of various form factors.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
– An operating system can perform the following
services for applications:
• In a multitasking operating system, where multiple programs can be
running at the same time, the OS determines which applications
should run in what order and how much time should be allowed
for each application before giving another application a turn.
• It manages the sharing of internal memory among multiple
applications.
• It handles input and output to and from attached hardware
devices, such as hard disks, printers and dial-up ports.
• It sends messages to each application or interactive user (or to a
system operator) about the status of operation and any errors
that may have occurred.
• It can offload the management of batch jobs (for example, printing)
so that the initiating application is freed from this work.
• On computers that can provide parallel processing, an operating
system can manage how to divide the program so that it runs on
more than one processor at a time.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• SYSTEM MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS
– EXAMPLES OF OPERATING
SYSTEMS
• Windows 10 / Windows 8 / Windows 7 /
Windows Vista /
Windows XP
• Apple's macOS (formerly OS X)
• open source operating system: Linux,
Chrome OS
• Mobile devices OS: Google’s Android,
Apples iOS,
BlackBerry Tablet OS
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• SYSTEM MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS
– NETWORK MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS: A
Network Management Software is used to monitor,
maintain and provision computer networks. It helps you
to keep track of the network's bandwidth, availability,
performance and hardware.
– EXAMPLES: Solarwinds Network Performance
Monitor, PRTG Network Monitor from Paessler,
ManageEngine OpManager, WhatsUp Gold 2017,
Nagios XI, Zabbix, Incinga, Datadog, ConnectWise
Automate, Logic Monitor, OP5 Monitor
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• SYSTEM MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS
– DATABASE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS
• aka database management system (DBMS) is system
software for creating and managing databases.
• The DBMS provides users and programmers with a
systematic
way to create, retrieve/read, update, delete and
manage data.
• The DBMS essentially serves as an interface between the
database and end users or application programs, ensuring that
data is consistently organized and remains easily accessible.
• The DBMS manages three important things:
– the data,
– the database engine that allows data to be accessed, locked
and modified -- and
– the database schema, which defines the database’s logical
structure.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• SYSTEM MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS
– EXAMPLES OF DATABASE MANAGEMENT
PROGRAMS
• MySQL
• PostgreSQL
• Microsoft Access
• SQL Server
• FileMaker
• Oracle
• RDBMS
• dBASE
• Clipper
• FoxPro
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• SYSTEM MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS
– APPLICATION SERVER: an application server
is a program that handles all application operations
between users and an organization's backend
business applications or databases.
• In a non-Web environment, an application server performs the
business logic (the data processing), although some business logic
may be handled by the user's machine.
• In a private or public Web environment (intranet or Internet), an
application server hosts a variety of language systems used to
query databases. These scripts and services, such as Active
Server Pages (ASPs), Java server pages (JSPs) and Java
servlets, typically access a database to retrieve up-to-date data
presented to users via their browsers or client applications.
– EXAMPLES: Oracle WebLogic, Apache
Tomcat, and
WebSphere Application Server.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• SYSTEM MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS
– SYSTEM UTILITIES: System utilities are the
core software functions that allow you to manage your
computer in ways that you would find it inconceivable
to be without.
– It contains a number of tools that Repair, Optimize and
Maintain your computer for you.
– EXAMPLES: Disk defragmenters, System
Profilers, Network Managers, Application Launchers,
Antivirus software, Backup software, Disk repair, Disk
Cleaners, Registry Cleaners, Disk Space analyzer,
file manager, File Compression, Data Security and
many more.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• SYSTEM MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS
– PERFORMANCE AND SECURITY MANAGEMENT:
programs that optimize performance of systems by
monitoring and managing performance and availability
of software applications
– It also provides security by managing network
access and mitigating cyber threats
– EXAMPLES: Keeper, CA Technologies
Secure, AirWatch, SolarWinds, Sift Science,
Dashlane, OneLogin, Avast, etc
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
– PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE TRANSLATORS:
• The most general term for a software code converting tool is
“translator.”
• A translator, in software programming terms, is a generic term that
could refer to a compiler, assembler, or interpreter; anything that
converts higher level code into another high-level code (e.g.,
Basic, C++, Fortran, Java) or lower-level (i.e., a language that the
processor can understand), such as assembly language or
machine code.
– EXAMPLES:
• Compilers: Microsoft Visual Studio, GNU Compiler Collection
(GCC), Common Business Oriented Language (COBOL)
• Interpreters: Ocaml, List Processing (LISP), Python
• Assembler: Fortran Assembly Program (FAP), Macro Assembly
Program (MAP), Symbolic Optimal Assembly Program (SOAP)
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
– PROGRAMMING EDITORS AND TOOLS:
• In the field of programming, the term editor usually refers to
source code editors that include many special features for writing
and editing code.
• A programming tool may be any software program or utility that
aids software developers or programmers in creating, editing,
debugging, maintaining and/or performing any programming or
development-specific task. A programming tool is also known as a
software development tool.
– EXAMPLES:
• Programming Editors: Notepad, Notepad++, Sublime Text
• Programming Tools: NetBeans, Eclipse
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
– COMPUTER-AIDED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
(CASE):
• Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) technologies are
tools that provide automated assistance for software development.
• The goal of introducing CASE tools is the reduction of the time and
cost of software development and the enhancement of the quality
of the systems developed.
– Some typical CASE tools are:
• Code generation tools, UML editors and the like, Refactoring instruments,
QVT or Model transformation instruments, Configuration management
tools including change control
– CASE tools not only output code but also generate other output typical
of different frameworks examination and outline strategies, for
example, Structured Systems Analysis and Design Method (SSADM).
• e.g. Database mapping, Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs), Entity
Relationship Diagrams (ERDs), Program specifications, User
documentation