NEED

THEORY/PSYCHODYNAMIC
THEORY: ANNE ROE
REPORTED BY: JOHN LOUISE G. SOTTO AND ROMEO C. UY
WHAT IS NEED THEORY/PSYCHODYNAMIC
THEORY?

- is a motivational model that attempts to explain how the needs for

achievement, power, and affiliation affect the actions of people from
a managerial context.
THE PURPOSE OF ANNE ROE`S THEORY

1. To focus on psychological needs that develop between the interaction of

parent and child as it affects career choice.
2. To guide by attempts to understand, make meaning of, and utilize
individual motives, purposes and drives to support career development.
3. To predict occupational selection based on individual differences, which
are biological, sociological, and psychological.
TENETS
Early childhood experiences are the root of career directions and
satisfaction.

Emotional Climates

• Emotional concentration on the Child:

• Avoidance of the Child
• Acceptance of the Child
TENETS
Emotional Concentration on the Child :

Over-protective Parents – Parent who engage in this type of interaction are

very warm, affectionate, caring and also tend to encourage dependence in the child
and restricts curiosity and exploration. The child does not enjoy any privacy
because parents are over concerned with the child`s well-being.

Over-demanding Parents – This parents request perfection from the child,

asking for excellent performance and setting high standards of behavior. The
parent`s love for the child is based on the child`s achievement and conformity. It is
a CONDITIONAL LOVE.
 TENETS
Avoidance of the Child:

Rejecting Parents – In this category may be overly critical of the child or punish
the child excessively. Every little mistake by the child attracts severe punishment
from the parents.
However, they only provides for the child`s physiological needs (foods, shelter, etc.)
and safety needs.

Neglecting Parents – Parents who adopt this parenting style ignores the child
for many reasons, such as parent concern with their own problem, or work. They
are cold and show no love. The physical care they provide is minimal.
TENETS
Acceptance of the Child:

Casually Accepting Parents – Parents have a low-key attitude, offering

minimum amount of love. This child`s needs are attended to when they are
not busy.

Loving Parents -Here parents show a warmer attitude towards the child,
while not interfering with the child`s resources by fostering dependency.
Parents encourage independence rather than dependence and do not
ignore or reject their child. Creating relatively tension-free environment.
TENETS
Needs have a strong bearing on personal interest, self
concept and personal orientation.
Satisfaction of needs follows Maslow`s hierarchy
Lower order needs must be satisfied before higher order needs become
important or receive attention
A need not satisfied over a long period of time eventually becomes an
unconscious motivator, those that are satisfied routinely do not become
motivator.
The ways and degrees by which needs are satisfied define which of them will
become the strongest motivators.
TENETS
Attention directedness is the major determinant of interest. Focus on
what direction he/she wants to pursue is the major determinant of
interest.
Loving, Demanding, Protecting Homes would produce children that are person-
oriented in occupation
Rejecting, Neglecting and Casual will produce individuals that are non-person
orientation in vocational choice.
TENETS
Occupation is classified in two:
1. Personal- Oriented Careers - derived satisfaction through interactions
with other people. Among these are service, business contact, managerial,
general culture, arts and entertainment.

2. Non-Personal Oriented Careers - refers to working with ideas and

things independently. Among these are technology, outdoor, and science.
TENETS
Person-Oriented Careers
Services means doing something for other people; serving and attending tastes, needs and
welfare of others
ex. Social worker, guidance counselor , domestic helper
Business contact refers to persuading others for the purpose of earning profits other than helping;
face to face of commodities, investments, real estate and services
ex. Account executives, insurance agent, sales agent.
General Culture relates to the interest of human activities, rather than individual persons and
focuses on the preservation and transmission of cultural heritage
ex. Educators, journalist, linguist and humanities experts.
TENETS
Non-Person Oriented Careers
Technology deals with production. Maintenance, and transportation, of commodities and utilities
ex. Engineers, craft and machine operator, technicians.
Outdoor focuses on the cultivation, preservation, and gathering crops, marine, or inland water
resources, mineral resources, forest products.
ex. Veterinarians, agronomist, agriculturist
Sciences deal with the study and development of scientific theories, and application under specific
circumstances other than technology.
ex. Physicist, pharmacologist, scientist
TENETS

Different levels of function are found in each of the occupational classifications.

The need structure defines one`s initial selection of an occupational category.
The level of attainment in such a category will depend upon one`s ability and/or
socioeconomic background.
TENETS
Occupational levels:
Professional and Managerial 1

- Independent, important and varied responsibilities, policy making – innovators,

creators; top managerial and administrative people. This requires high educational
level.
Professional and Managerial II

- Genuine autonomy but responsibilities are less important than level 1; medium level
responsibility for self and other with regard to both importance and , policy
interpretation. Education preferred is above the bachelor`s but below the doctoral level
or it`s equivalent

Semi-professional and Small Business

- Low level of responsibility for others; determination or application of policy is only for self.
The educational level required is high school or technical degree or it`s equivalent.
TENETS
Occupational levels:
Skilled

- Responsible for performance of task assigned, with some autonomy and initiative.
Only special training is required or apprentice is required.
Semi-skilled

- Responsible for performance of task assigned, with less autonomy and initiative.
Some training and experience is required., but much lower than of the Skilled.
Unskilled
- merely following simple instructions to do repetitive action. No special training or
education needed, and not much ability is required.