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Sensible heat
• Energy tranferred by changing temperature
– Increasing temperature of solid, liquid or gas
Latent heat
• Energy transferred by change phase without change of temperature!
– Solid to liquid
– Liquid to gas
Law of Heat Transport
Energy will flow from HOT ==> COOL medium
Temperature
difference is necessary
Energy
Heat Transfer Equation
Q = Heat Load
= U • A • LMTD
U = Heat Transfer Coefficient
U A = Heat transfer area
LMTD = Logaritmic mean
A
Q temperature
One Phase Heat Exchange
Side 1 Side 2
Side 1 Side 1
Side 2 Side 2
Counter Current vs. Co-current
Flow
Side 1 Side 1
A A B
B
Side 2 Side 2
LMTD =
Δ A - ΔB
ΔA
[ C]
o
ln
ΔB
Logarithmic Mean Temp. Difference
Side 1
100°C Side 1
100°C
A
A 70°C
60°C B
70°C B
60°C
0°C 0°C
Side 2
Side 2
LMTD =
ΔA - ΔB o
ΔA
C [ ]
ln
ΔB
Heat Transfer Coefficient (U)
d
Boundry layer
THOT
aHOT
aCOLD T
COLD
l
1 1 d 1
=
u a HOT l a COLD
Flow and U-value
Laminar Flow Film thickness Turbulent Flow
pressure drop! 90
3
U ~ p Pressure
80
Drop
70
•
U • A • LMTD = QPHE = QFluid= m • Cp • T
3. LMTD……………………… LMTD =
Δ A - ΔB
ΔA
[ C]
o
ln
ΔB
4. Port Velocity…. ……………….m = V • A (port area)