Human Reproductive

System
The Male Reproductive
System

Figure 28.1
The Female Reproductive
System
A. Human Reproductive
Organs
 Male reproductive organ
 Female reproductive organ
Male reproductive organs
 Outer organs
 Inner organs
Outer Organs
 Penis, serves as breeding and
urinary organs.
 Scrotum, function to wrap the
testes.
The Male Reproductive
System

Figure 28.1
The Male Reproductive
System

Figure 28.1
Inner Organs
 Gamete producing organ
 Reproductive duct
 Addition gland
Gamete producing organ
Testes, function to produce sperm and
sex hormones (testosteron).
The Structure of the
Testes

Figure 28.4
Reproductive duct
 Epididymis, a duct (tubular) the
winding out of the testes as a place
of sperm maturation and temporary
sperm storage.
 Vas deferens, a duct that
connecting testis to vas deferens
sperm sac (seminal vesicles). Sperm
sac as temporary shelter sperm.
The Male Reproductive
System

Figure 28.1
Epididymis

Figure 28.9
The Male Reproductive
System

Figure 28.1
Addition gland
 Prostate gland, is the producer of
alkaline fluid, the protective effect of
sperm from the outside.
 Cowperi gland, is the producer of
mucous. mucous to lubricate the
body out of the vas deferens.
 Seminal vesicle, is the producer of
sperm nutritious liquid.
The Male Reproductive
System

Figure 28.1
The Male Reproductive
System

Figure 28.1
The Male Reproductive
System

Figure 28.1
Female reproductive
organ
 Outer organs
 Inner organs
Outer organs
• Vulva: the outermost slit of the female
genital
• Mons pubis: located in the lower belly
fat in the form of mounds covered by
pubic hair.
• Labium (lip that limits the vulva):
There are two pairs of labium, ie labium
majus (large lips) in the outer and the
labium minus (small lips) on the inside.
• Clitoris: clitoris is located at the second
meeting between the labium minus and
mons pubis basis.
The Female Reproductive
System
Inner organs
• Uterus : as a place of embryonic
development into a fetus.
• Oviduct / fallopian tube: a pair of
fallopian tubes with a channel length of
± 10 cm in the right and left side of the
uterus, and one of its end empties into
the uterus. The fallopian tubes serve as
the site of fertilization.
• Ovary: serve as producer of ovum. In
addition to producing ovum, also
produce estrogen and progesterone.
• Vaginal, as a way out of the embryo
and as a means of copulation.
B. Reproductive process in
humans
 Formation of male gametes or
spermatogenesis (male sex cells /
sperm cells)
 Formation of female gametes or
oogenesis (sex cells female / ovum)
Pembelahan mitosis
 Terjadi pada sel tubuh (sel somatik)
 Menghasilkan sel yang bersifat diploid
(2n)
 Menghasilkan 2 sel anak dengan
jumlah kromosom sama dengan
jumlah kromosom sel induk.
Pembelahan meiosis
 Terjadi pada sel gamet.
 Menghasilkan sel yang bersifat
haploid (n)
 Menghasilkan 2 sel anak dengan
jumlah kromosom setengah dari
jumlah kromosom sel induk.
Spermatogenesis
 occurs in seminiferous tubules.
 The formation begins from sperm
stem cell division by mitosis
repeatedly to form a lot of sperm
stem. Furthermore, each will be split
in two stages of meiosis so that each
sperm stem cells produce four
spermatids which eventually
transformed into sperm cells.
Oogenesis
 occurs in the ovaries.
 In the ovaries contained eggs or
oocytes of candidates who do
produce oocyte meiotic division in
secondary and primary oocytes, each
of which will divide meiosis produce
oocytes that are haploid. Oocytes
then transformed into an egg cell
(ovum).
Oogenesis
Menstruation in women
Menstruation is decayed of uterine
wall until bleeding.
Menstruation have four phases :
 Menstrual phase, releasing uterus
wall
 Pre-ovulation phase, ovum is
produced.
 Ovulation phase, ovum is released
from ovary.
 Post-ovulation phase, deterioration
of ovum if fertilization does not occur.
The Uterine Cycle

Figure 28.20
Hormones that play a role in
reproduction
1. FSH (follicle stimulating hormone),
produced by the pituitary gland. In
men, serves as formation of interstil
cells, while the women, as ovarian
follicles forming.
2. LH (luteinizing hormone), in man plays
a role in the testosterone formation,
while in women play a role in the
ovum maturation.
3. Testosterone hormone, produced by
the testes and role in the growth of
secondary male genitals and the
process of spermatogenesis.
Hormones that play a role in
reproduction
4. Progesterone hormone, affect the
functioning of the uterus wall
thickening and inhibit the production of
LH.
5. Oxytocin hormone, produced by the
pituitary gland and affects the function
of uterine contractions during labor.
6. Protoglandin hormone, overcome
progesterone inhibits uterine
contractions.
7. Relaxin hormone, affect the function
of stretching symphisic pubis when the
woman will give birth.
Diseases of the human
reproductive system
1. Gonorrhea, caused by Neisseira
genorrhoeae bacteria. The
symptoms are like a pus discharge
from the genital tract with pain and
heat.
2. Syphilis, caused by the bacterium
Treponema pallidum.
3. AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency
Syndrome)
Diseases of the human
reproductive system
4. Genital herpes, caused by herpes
simplex virus. Symptoms include
pain or itching in the genital area.
5. Cervical cancer
6. Endometriosis, experienced by
women who are menstruating. The
symptoms are pain and even pain
arising in the extraordinary time of
menstruation.
Thank You…