ORGANZING FOR ACTION

Definition and Concept

1. Organizing is an activity of
Management in arranging people,
tasks and resources.

2. Organizing is a process of people

working together towards their
common goals.
3. Organization is defined as
two or more people working
together in a coordinated
manner to achieve groups
results.
4. Organizing is the establishing of
effective behavioral relationships
among persons so that they may
work together effectively and
gain personal satisfaction in
doing selected tasks under given
environmental conditions for the
purpose of achieving some goals
or objectives.
The process of Organizing

1. Establish what is to be accomplished

2. Determine the type of work that
needs to be accomplished
3. Assessing human resources
4. Assessing physical resources
requirements
5. Grouping the functions, physical
resources into an organizational
structure
6. Assigning the obligation to perform
a certain job (responsibility) and
right to make decisions or take
action to accomplish job
7. Assigning specific work activities
8. Determining if the job was
accomplished (accountability of
personnel)
 Organizing includes the
following activities

1. Determining, grouping and

structuring activities
2. Devising and allocating roles arising
from grouping and structuring
activities
3. Assigning accountability for results to
both groups and individuals
4. Determining detailed rules and
systems of working including those
for communication decision making
and conflict resolution.
5. Organization / efficient
organization

 P. Drucker says that an

Institute/organization is like a
tune, it is not constituted by
individual sounds but by relation
between them. So organization is
an orchestra working all team
members together.
6. The Team V/S The function

 Organizations have both

functional and team
characteristics having
Marketing, Production,
Engineering, Finance, Personnel
and other functions and all
functions are assigned to
groups of people known as
Team work.
7. The Basic elements of
Organization.

 William Scott has identified

four factors termed as basis of
classical organization theory:
i. Division of Labor or Specialized
effort:

 The Negative side of specialization

job more routine, meaningless,
monotony, boring etc, source of
dissatisfaction.

 Measures to reduce frustration

 Job enlargement – opposite of division
of labor which adds more parts of job
to be performed.

 Job Rotation

 The participation approach, workers to

participate in decision making
ii. Scalar and functional Process
or the chain of command

 Based upon assumption that there is

chain of command throughout the
organization, e.g. top to bottom
management decisions.

 Delegation in scalar process.

• O’Donnel, state factors for
effective delegation:
a. Receptiveness (give chance of others’
ideas)

b. Willingness to let go (to give power of

decision to sub-ordinates)

c. Willingness to let others to make mistake

d. Willingness to trust subordinates

e. Willingness to use broad controls

iii. Span of Control or Span of
Management
 The phenomenon that there is a
limit to the number of persons a
manager can supervise, even
though this limit varies
depending on situation and the
competence of a manager; the
various situations, or underlying
variables,
 include time available for supervision;
training possessed by, and required of,
subordinates; clarity of authority
delegations; clarity of plans; rate of
change in an enterprise; effectiveness of
managerial controls; effectiveness of
communications techniques; and the
extent to which a situation requires
personal face-to-face contact. Often
referred to as “span of control’.
iv. Structure + Size and Complexity
which makes up Business
Organization
 DPARTMENTATION BY FUNCTION
OR
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE BY FUNCTION

PRESIDENT

Finance Marketing Production Engineering Personnel

 DEPARTMENTATION BY PRODUCT
OR
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE BY PRODUCT

VICE
PRESIDENT
MARKETING

Television Products Stereo System

Radio Products Division
Division Product Division
 DEPARTMENTATION BY CUSTOMER
OR
ORGANZATIONAL STRUCTURE BY CUSTOMER

Vice President
Marketing

Consumer Products
Industrial Product Division Govt. Product Division
Division
 DEPARTMENTATION BY GEOGRAPHIC TERRITORY
OR
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE BY GEOGRAPHIC TERRITORY

VICE PRESIDENT
MARKETING

Southern
Western Region Eastern Region
Region