Activity Title:

SELF & Identity

Formation
Learning
Target/Competen
Reference(s)&
Author(s):
Contreras, A. et
al (2016)
Understanding
Culture, Society,
Concept Notes
Self – a sociological concept that develop through
social interactions; a set of situations where
individuals learn to assume roles and meet the
increasing level of complexity of each situation
Four Stage Process of Self-Development
● Mimicking
● Play
● Game
● Generalized other
●IDENTITY FORMATION –
development of individual’s distinct
personality; influences personal
identity where the individual thinks of
self as a discrete and separate entity
*self-concept is the sum of a being’s
knowledge and understanding of his or
herself
Example:
● CULTURAL IDENTITY – one’s feeling of identity or
affiliation with a group or culture
● ETHNIC IDENTITY – identification with certain
ethnicity (common genealogy or ancestry)
● NATIONAL IDENTITY – ethical and philosophical
concept where all humans are divided into groups
called nations (common origin, ancestry, or
parentage)
● RELIGIOUS IDENTITY – sets of beliefs and practices
held by an individual following codified beliefs and
rituals
Activity Title: NORMS &
VALUES
Learning
Target/Competency:
Values/Graduate
Attributes:
Reference(s)& Author(s):
Contreras, A. et al
Concept Notes
Norms – a social fact according to Emile
Durkheim; a rule that guides the behavior of
an individual or a group; has a coercive
power over us; guidance in socialization,
taught through spoken and written directive,
reflects values of a group
Kinds of Norms:
●Prescriptive (stating what we should not
do)
●Postcriptive (stating what we should do)
●William Graham Sumner coined the
term:
●Mores – norms that are widely
observed and have moral significance
●Folkways – norms for routine and
casual interaction

Values – (please see LAS 5)

 Four Aspects of Values:
●Values exist at different levels of generality
or abstraction
●Values tend to be hierarchally arranged
●Values are explicit and implicit in varying
degrees
●Values often are in conflict with one
another
*does not only affect how we see our
surroundings but also form our personalities
 FOUR BASIC FILIPINO VALUES FROM
JAIME BULATOIO
●Emotional closeness and security in a
family
●Approval from authority and of
society
●Economic and Social Betterment
●Patience, Endurance and Suffering
Activity Title: STATUS
AND ROLES: A Person
Holds a Status and
Perform a Role
Learning
Target/Competency:
Values/Graduate
Attributes:
Concept Notes 
Status, as defined by Linton (1936), “is a
position in a social system. It can be
ascribed or achieved, given or accomplished.
●Ascribed status – a person receives at birth
or takes on involuntarily later in life
●Achieved status – a person takes on
voluntarily that reflects personal identity of
effort
●Role is a behavior
expected of someone who
holds a particular status
*role set
*role strain
ROLE MANIPULATION happens when
one wants to gain a desirable
impression; done through impression
management
●*but impression management can
damage identity which must be
repaired in order to sustain social
interactions
IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT can make