Musical

Symbols
Staff
- having five parallel lines and
four spaces. The lines and
spaces constituting the staff
are referred to as "staff
degrees". Each line and
space is considered to be a
degree of the staff. Pitches
are represented by lines and
spaces on the staff.
two classification of bars

1. Single Bar

2. Double Bar
Single Bar

 1. Single Bar. A vertical line dividing the staff into

measures.
Double Bar

 2. Double Bar. These two vertical lines at the end

of the staff which signify the end of the music.
Ledger lines

 Ledger lines - these are short lines drawn above

and below the staff to provide for notes outside
the staff for continyuity in reading music. Such
notes are therefore called "ledger notes".
Notation

 Notes are mysical characters or symbols placed

on the staff to denote certain tones to be
sounded.
Parts of the notation
symbol

 Green – head
 Blue – stem
 Red – hook

 flags
 NOTES. Notes determine the duration of tones to
be sounded (played or sung) while rests denote
silence. Notes and rests of the same kind have the
same value.

 REST. A rest denotes silence in the staff and its

duration is the same as its corresponding note.
 Letsidentify the parts of the
following notes and rests:
Whole Note
Half Note
Quarter Note
Eighth Note
Sixteenth Notes
Pair of Eight Notes
Notes and Rest Values
Notes Classified

 - Ascending notes
 - Decreasing notes
 - Contrary moving notes
 - Repeated notes
 - Tie notes
 - Slur
Ascending Notes

 Ascending Notes. A group of notes succesively

increasing pitch.
Decreasing Notes

 Decreasing notes. A group of notes succesively

decreasing pitch.
Contrary Moving Notes

 Contrary Moving Notes. When notes go in

opposite directions.
Repeated Notes
Tie Notes

 Tie notes. Tie notes are two or more notes of the

same pitch with the tie sign. Only the first note is
sung or played.
Slur

 Slur. Slur are two or more notes of different pitches

with the tie sign. All notes are sung or played.
Dotted Notes and Dotted
Rests.
 -Single dot
 -Double dots
Single dot

 Single Dot. A dot after a note or rest receives one

half the value of the note or rest it follows.
Double dots

 Double dots. Doble dots after a note or rest

increases the value of the note or rest by 3/4.
Grouping of Notes

 - Duplet
 - Triplet
 - Quadruplet
 - Quintuplet or Quintolet
 - Sextuplet or Sextolet
 - Septuplet or Septolet
Duplet

 Duplet is a group of two notes played in time of

three of the same kind.
Triplet

 Triplet is a group of three notes played in time of

two of the same kind.
Quadruplet

 Quadruplet is a group of four notes played in time

of three of the same kind.
Quintuplet or Quintolet

 Quintuplet or Quintolet is a group of five notes

played in time of four or three of the same kind.
Sextuplet or Sextolet

 Sextuplet or Sextolet is a group of six notes played

in time of four of the same kind.
Septuplet/Septolet/Septim
ole
 Septuplet or Septolet or Septimole is a group of
seven notes played in time of six or eight of the
same kind.
Clef

 Clef is a symbol placed at the beginning of each

staff which indicates what pitches are to be
presented by the lines and spaces. The first seven
letters of the alphabet (A,B,C,D,E,F and G) are
used to represent what pitches are to be used on
the lines and spaces of the staves
G-Clef

G-Clef fixes the pitch on the second line of the staff.

It is also called treble clef.
G-Clef

The pitch names of the notes located on the line of

the staff in a G-Clef may best be remembered by
the first letters of the sentence.
G-Clef

 The pitch names of the notes loccted on the

spaces of the staff form the letters of the word.
F-Clef

 F-Clef fixes the pitch on the fourth line of the staff.

F-Clef is also called bass clef.
F-Clef

 The pitch names of the notes located on the lines

of the staff in an F-Clef may best be remembered
by the first letters of the sentence.
F-Clef

 The pitch names of the notes on the spaces form

the first letters of the words in the sentence.
Chromatic Signs

 Sharp
 Flat
 Natural
 Accidental
Sharp

 A sharp is a symbol placed before a note to raise

its pitch one semitone or halftone.

 Double sharp raises the pitch of a note by one

whole tone.
Flat

 A Flat is a symbol placed before a note to lower

its pitch one semitone or halftone.

 Double flat lowers the pitch of a note by a whole

tone.
Natural

 A natural restores a note to its original pitch which

was previously played a sharp, flat, with a double
sharp or double flat. A natural is also called a
“cancel” sign.
Accidental

 An accidental is a sharp, a double sharp, a flat, a

double flat or a natural, which does not belong to
the scale of the indicated key.
Key Signature and Key
Note
 Key Signatures are groups of sharps and flats
found at the beginning of the staff, that indicate
the key of the musical composition.