ELEMENTS &

PRINCIPLES OF ART
CONTENTS:

■Visual Element
■Artwork Analysis
■The Rule of the Thirds
■Principles of Art
■Elements of Art: Auditory
Visual Element
■ The element of LINE

■ The element of C O L O R

■ The element of shape

■ The element of Space

■ The element of value

■ The element of texture

■ The element of time & motion

Fig 3
Fig 4
 The Element of Line

■ each edge between different colors or different

shapes can be seen as a line
■ lines define shapes and can be used by the artist to
guide the eye of the viewer through the painting
■ can be used to communicate a sense of movement,
energy, or stillness
Kinds of Line
■ Horizontal lines
■ Vertical lines
■ Diagonal lines
■ Zigzag lines
■ Curved lines
■ Actual and Implied lines
Horizontal lines
■ Lines that are
parallel to the
horizon
■ Indicates
calmness

Fig 5
Vertical lines

■ They start from the

bottom going up or
vice versa
■ Shows strength,
balance and
stability
Fig 6
Diagonal lines

■ Also called slanting or

inclined lines
■ Between a vertical and
horizontal line
■ Look as if they are either
rising or falling

Fig 7
Zigzag lines
■ Completed from a
mixture of
diagonal lines
■ The diagonals
forms angles and
change direction
■ Zigzags indicate
chaos and conflict

Fig 8
Curved lines
■ Curvilinear
■ Adjust
direction
naturally
■ Employs flow

Fig 9
Actual and Implied Lines
■ Actual lines- the artist
intentionally shows the lines in
an artwork

■ Implied lines- used to make the

viewer feel their involvement in
interpreting the composition by
connecting lines where none
actually exists.
Fig 10
ACTIVITY: PULL STRING ART
Materials:
■ Yarn
■ Paint
■ Oslo paper
■ Used paper
■ Disposable cup/plastic bottle
 THE ELEMENT OF COLOR
■ Property possessed by an object of producing different
sensations on the eye as a result of the way the object
reflects or emits light.

■ the most expressive element of art

■ It shares powerful connection with emotion (e.g. blue-calm)

■ Colors appeal to our emotions and interact with the

physiology of the visual system

■ Colors are only seen with light (no light=no color)

The Discovery of Colors

Fig 11
 ■ The color wheel was
developed by Sir Isaac
Newton
■ by taking the color
spectrum and bending it
into a circle
■ Has the same order of the
color spectrum- red,
orange, yellow, green, blue,
indigo(blue-violet),
■ acronym ROY G. BIV

Fig 12
Physical Properties of Color
■ Hue- pertains to the name for which the color is known
- it is determined by the wavelength of light physically given
by the color
Examples: red, blue, green (visible colors in the spectrum)

■ Value- refers to the lightness or darkness of a color

-pertains to the absence of white or black

■ Intensity or saturation- refers to how pure the color is

-colors high in saturation tend to be bright
-low saturation tend to be dull
Actual Demonstration of the Physical Properties of Colors
 Types of Colors

■ Primary
■ Secondary
■ Intermediate
■ Tertiary
■ Neutral
■ Warm and Cool
 Primary Colors
■ no two colors can be
mixed to create them

■ all other colors found on

the color wheel can be
created by mixing
primary colors together
Fig 15
Secondary Colors
■ created by mixing equal
parts of any two primary
colors

Yellow + Blue= Green

Red +Blue Violet/Purple
Red + Yellow= Orange Fig 16
Intermediate Colors

■ created by a
combination of a
primary and
secondary color

■ Examples: red-
orange, yellow-green Fig 17
 Tertiary Colors
■ created by combining
any two secondary
colors

■ neutralizing one color

by adding its
complement or
opposite color in color
wheel
■ All three primary colors
when mixed will create
a shade of brown Figure 18
 Neutral Colors
■ colors that doesn’t show similar characteristics
with others
■ Colors that cannot be found in the color wheel

■ White- the presence of all colors because it

occurs when a surface reflects all the color
wavelengths equally

■ Black- absence of color (surface absorbs all the

color, thus reflects none of them)

■ Gray/Grey- impure white, neither black nor white

(partial reflection of all wavelengths of color) Figure 19

■ Brown- carries no real mood

Warm and Cool Colors

■ Warm and cool colors

have temperature
■ Warm colors-
associated with the sun
and fire
■ Cool colors-associated
with air, sky, water,
earth
any color containing blue
Figure 20
 References
■ Art Appreciation Panisan, Wilson. (2018). Mutya Publishing House. Inc.
Element of Line
■ Figure 1 https://www.vincentvangogh.org/almond-blossom.jsp
■ Figure 2 https://www.pablopicasso.org/painter-and-model.jsp
■ Figure 3 https://stampsy.com/stamp/10956
■ Figure 4 https://www.mypromolife.com/blog/2014/12/emf-electricitys-invisible-pollution
■ Figure 5 https://www.centralcoastcreamery.com/seascape/
■ Figure 6 https://www.classicfm.com/discover-music/instruments/piano/why-pianos-have-88-keys/
■ Figure 7 https://www.shopittome.com/sale/ann-taylor-diagonal-stripe-wrap-dress/abv1a6848ac
■ Figure 8 https://inhabitat.com/12-stunning-zigzag-homes-hide-behind-australias-longest-rammed-
earth-wall/
■ Figure 9 https://www.william-merritt-chase.org/A-Study-In-Curves.html
■ Figure 10 https://thevirtualinstructor.com/blog/losing-edges-in-drawings
References
■ Element of Colors
■ Figure 11 https://www.quora.com/When-a-monochromatic-light-passes-through-a-prism-will-
it-show-dispersion
■ Figure 12 https://pocketmags.com/history-revealed-magazine/december-
2016/articles/42852/isaac-newton
■ Figure 13 https://www.the-scientist.com/foundations/newtons-color-theory-ca-1665-31931
■ https://www.the-scientist.com/foundations/newtons-color-theory-ca-1665-31931
■ Figure 14 https://www.musical-u.com/learn/get-familiar-with-the-dorian-mode/
■ Figure 15 https://artintegrity.wordpress.com/2008/03/20/11-your-art-stories-here/
■ Figure 16 https://blog.thepapermillstore.com/blogdev/color-theory-introduction-color-
wheel/secondary-colors/
■ Figure 17 https://www.smore.com/xjsyk-color-wheel-eye-balls
■ Figure 18 https://www.quora.com/What-are-complementary-colors-What-are-some-examples
■ Figure 19 http://lq-audio.com/color-wheel-with-neutrals/neutral-color-wheel-18-with-neutrals/

■ Figure 20 https://www.smore.com/xjsyk-color-wheel-eye-balls
■ Figure 21 https://blog.thepapermillstore.com/color-theory-introduction-color-wheel/