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CHAPTER 6
FRICTION
• However, the friction forces are limited in magnitude and will not
prevent motion if sufficiently large forces are applied.
• There are two types of friction: dry or Coulomb friction and fluid
friction. Fluid friction applies to lubricated mechanisms. The
present discussion is limited to dry friction between nonlubricated
surfaces.
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
The Laws of Dry Friction. Coefficients of Friction
• Block of weight W placed on horizontal
surface. Forces acting on block are its weight
and reaction of surface N.
• Kinetic-friction force:
Fk k N
k 0.75 s
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
The Laws of Dry Friction. Coefficients of Friction
• Four situations can occur when a rigid body is in contact with
a horizontal surface:
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Angles of Friction
• It is sometimes convenient to replace normal force
N and friction force F by their resultant R:
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Angles of Friction
• Consider block of weight W resting on board with
variable inclination angle q.
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Sample Problem 6.1
SOLUTION:
• Determine values of friction force
and normal reaction force from plane
required to maintain equilibrium.
Fy 0 : N - 54 300 lb 0
N 240 lb
• Calculate maximum friction force and compare
with friction force required for equilibrium. If it is
greater, block will not slide.
Fm s N Fm 0.25240 lb 60 lb
The block will slide down the plane.
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Sample Problem 6.1
• If maximum friction force is less than friction
force required for equilibrium, block will slide.
Calculate kinetic-friction force.
Factual Fk k N
0.20240 lb
Factual 48 lb
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Sample Problem 6.2
Determine whether the block shown is in
equilibrium and find the magnitude and direction of
the friction force when θ = 25° and P = 750 N.
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Sample Problem 6.2
Determine whether the block shown is in
equilibrium and find the magnitude and direction
of the friction force when θ = 30° and P = 150 N.
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Sample Problem 6.3
The coefficients of friction are μs = 0.40 and μk =
0.30 between all surfaces of contact. Determine
the smallest force P required to start the 30-kg
block moving if cable AB (a) is attached as
shown, (b) is removed.
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Wedges
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Sample Problem 6.4
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Sample Problem 6.4
SOLUTION
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Sample Problem 6.4
(a) Law of sines:
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Sample Problem 6.5
Block A supports a pipe column and rests as
shown on wedge B. Knowing that the coefficient
of static friction at all surfaces of contact is 0.25
and that θ = 45°, determine the smallest force P
required to raise
block A.
SOLUTION
FBD block A:
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Sample Problem 6.5
FBD wedge B:
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
THANK YOU
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