PRE-SPANISH PERIOD

Before the Spaniards came the Filipinos lived in

villages or barangays ruled by chiefs or datus.

Everyone had access to the fruits of the soil.

 SPANISH PERIOD

When the Spaniards came the concept of

encomienda (Royal Land Grants) was introduced.

- “haciendas” (wealthy Chinese families)

 1st PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC

First Philippine Republic was established in 1899,

Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo declared in the Malolos
Constitution his intention to confiscate large estates.

Aguinaldo’s plan was never implemented.

 AMERICAN PERIOD
Philippine Bill of 1902 – Set the ceilings: 16 has. for
private individuals and 1,024 has. for corporations.

Land Registration Act of 1902 (Act No. 496) –

registration of land titles under the Torrens system.

Public Land Act of 1903 – introduced the homestead

system.

Tenancy Act of 1933 (Acts No. 4054 and 4113) –

regulated relationships between landowners and tenants
of rice (50-50 sharing) and sugar cane lands.
 COMMONWEALTH PERIOD
President Manuel L. Quezon espoused the “Social Justice” program.

1935 Constitution- “The promotion of social justice to ensure the

well-being and economic security of all people should be the
concern of the State”
Commonwealth Act No. 178 (An Amendment to Rice Tenancy Act
No. 4045) -Certain controls in the landlord-tenant relationships
Commonwealth Act. No.461, 1937 – Specified reasons for the
dismissal of tenants and only with the approval of the Tenancy
Division of the Department of Justice.
Rural Program Administration, created March 2,1939- purchase
and lease of haciendas and their sale and lease to the tenants.
 JAPANESE OCCUPATION

peasants and workers organizations grew

strength.
peasants took up arms
Anti- Japanese group, the HUKBALAHAP
(Hukbo ng Bayan Laban sa Hapon)
 PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC

After Philippine Independence in 1964 , problems of

land tenure remained .

President Manuel Roxas (1946-1948):

Republic Act No. 34 -- 70-30 sharing arrangements and
regulating share-tenancy contracts.
Republic Act No.55 – more effective safeguard against
arbitrary ejectment of tenants.
 PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
President Elpidio Quirino (1948-1953)
Executive Order No. 355 issued on October 23,1950 -- Replaced
the National Land Settlement Administration with Land
Settlement Development Corporation (LASEDECO)

President Ramon Magsaysay(1953-1957)

Republic Act No. 1160 of 1954 -- Abolished the LASEDECO and
established the National Resettlement and Rehabilitation
Administration (NARRA)
Republic Act No. 1199 (Agricultural Tenancy Act of 1954)–
-relationship between landowners and tenant farmers by
organizing share-tenancy and leasehold system.
-tenant has option to elect either share tenancy or leasehold
-it also created the Court of Agrarian Relations.
 Cont. President Ramon Magsaysay(1953-1957)….

Republic Act No. 1400 (Land Reform Act of 1955) – Created the
Land Tenure Administration(LTA)

•President Carlos P. Garcia (1957-1961)

•Continued the program of President Ramon Magsaysay.

•President Diosdado Macapagal(1961-1965):

Republic Act No. 3844 of August 8,1963– Abolished shared
tenancy, institutionalized leasehold.

•President Ferdinand Marcos(1965-1986):

Republic Act No.6389, (Code of Agrarian Reform) and RA
No. 6390 of 1971 – Created the Department of Agrarian
Reform and the Agrarian Reform Special Account Fund.
- Provides automatic conversion of share tenancy to leasehold
 Cont. President Marcos (1965-1986):…..

Presidential Decree No. 2, September 26,1972 –

Declared the country under land reform program.
Presidential Decree No.27,October 21,1972–
Restricted land reform scope to tenanted rice and corn
lands and set the retention limit at 7 hectares.

President Corazon C. Aquino (1986-1992)

 Section 21 under Article II – “The State shall promote
comprehensive rural development and agrarian
reform.”
 signed into law Republic Act No. 6657
 became effective on June 15,1988
Cont. President Corazon Aquino…

Executive Order No. 228, July 16,1987– Declared full

ownership to qualified farmer-beneficiaries covered by
PD 27.
Executive Order No. 229, July 22,1987– Provided
mechanism for the implementation of the
Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP).
Executive Order No.405, June 14,1990 – Vested in the
Land Bank of the Philippines the responsibility to
determine land valuation and compensation for all land
covered by CARP.
President Fidel V. Ramos (1992-1998):
 His administration committed to the vision “Fairer,
faster and more meaningful implementation of the
Agrarian Reform Program.

Republic Act No.7881,1995 – Amended certain

provisions of RA 6657 and exempted fishponds and
prawn farms from the coverage of CARP.
Republic Act 8532,1998 (Agrarian Reform Fund Bill) –
additionalPhp50 billion for CARP and extended its
implementation for another 10 years.
President Joseph E. Estrada(1998-2000)“ERAP PARA
SA MAHIRAP”
launched the Magkabalikat Para sa Kaunlarang
Agraryo or MAGKASAKA.

President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (2000-2010):

Land Tenure Improvement/Provision of Support
Services

Infrastructure Project/ KALAHI ARZone

Agrarian Justice

CARPER