PALM OIL FUEL ASH AS A PARTIAL

REPLACEMENT FOR CEMENT IN

REINFORCED CONCRETE
STRUCTURAL GROUP
REVIEW

CH. LOKESH NISHANTH(160020017)

V. RAJESH (160020118)
GUIDED BY
MR. J. D. CHAITANYA KUMAR(ASST.PROFESSOR)
CONTENTS:

 Introduction
 Description of study area
 Objectives
 Literature survey
 Methodology
 Reference
INTRODUCTION:

 Concrete is probably the most extensively used construction material in the world.
Cement production is consuming significant amount of natural resources.
 It is known that there are several causes of global warming, including CO2 from
cement. Approximately 5% of total CO2 emission is released to atmosphere, with
about 0.7–1.1 ton of CO2 being emitted for every ton of cement production.
 In order to reduce the amount of CO2 emission, cement manufactures can help by
improving production process.
 For concrete production, the reduction of cement content in concrete can be
achieved by utilization of supplementary cementitious materials such as fly ash,
blast-furnace slag, natural pozzolans, and biomass ash.
 Also, the generation of large quantities of industrial by-products every year by
chemical and agricultural process industries has created environmental pollution
as well as increasing the expenditure of the industry for disposing this waste.
Cont.

 As a result, solid waste management has become one of the major environmental
concerns in the world
 Annually, more than two million tons of solid waste of palm oil residue, such as
palm fibre, shells, and empty fruit bunches are produced.
 With the increasing awareness about the environment, scarcity of land-fill space
and due to its ever increasing cost, waste materials and byproducts utilization has
become an attractive alternative to disposal.
 One of the potential recycle materials from palm oil industry is palm oil fuel ash.
 For concrete production, the reduction of cement content in concrete can be
achieved by utilization of supplementary cementitious materials
Pozzolanic materials:

 A pozzolan is a siliceous or aluminosiliceous material that, in finely divided form

and in the presence of moisture, chemically reacts with the calcium hydroxide
released by the hydration of Portland cement to form calcium silicate hydrate and
other cementitious compounds.Pozzolans consists of silica and alumina in larger
amount and Iron oxide,calcium oxide ,magnesium oxide and alkalies in lesser
amounts.
 Pozzolanic Reactions:
Calcium hydroxide+ cement+ water Calcium –silicate-Hydrate(C-
S-H)
 There are two types of pozzolans
1.Natural pozzolans(volcanic ash,pumicite etc.)
2.Artificial pozzolans(fly ash, rice husk ,silica fume)
Objective:

 To Study effects of palm oil fuel ash when it is used as a

partial replacement for cement concrete
 Literature survey:
S.No Author Title
1 Beyoola Wilson, Palm Oil Fuel Ash as Partial
Harsha V N Replacement of Cement in
Concrete
2 Sooraj V M Effect of Palm Oil Fuel Ash
(POFA) on Strength
Properties of Concrete
3 Hussain M The present state of the use
Hamada of palm oil fuel ash in cement
concrete
4 U. Johnson PalmOilFuelAshasaPartialCement
Alengaram ReplacementforProducing Durable
Self-consolidating High-Strength
Concrete
5 K.Muthusamy properties of high strength
palm oil clinker lightweight
concrete
Journal Objectives Methodology
Details
www.ijert.org To Study effects of palm oil fuel POFA Concrete preparation (M40),
Vol. 6 Issue 03, ash when it is used as a partial Compressive Strength, Split Tensile
March-2017 replacement for cement concrete Strength, Flexural strength and conclusion.
International Journal To study effects of Palm Oil Fuel POFA Concrete preparation(M30),
of Scientific and
Ash (POFA) on Strength Properties Properties of POFA, Compressive Strength,
Research Publications,
Volume 3, Issue 6, of Concrete Split Tensile Strength, Flexural strength and
June 2013 conclusion.
Construction and To study the present state of the POFA preparation, Physical and chemical
Building Materials
use of palm oil fuel ash in cement properties of POFA,Heat of hydration, Dry
175 (2018) 26–40,
concrete shrinkage, Workability and conclusion
Science direct
Arab J Sci Eng DOI To study about palm oil fuel ash as POFA Concrete preparation, Acid attack
10.1007/s13369- a partial cement replacement for test, Water absorption test and conclusion
014-1381-3
producing durable , high strength
concrete.
Construction and To study the properties of high POFA concrete preparation,
Building Materials175
strength palm oil clinker Workability,Density, compressive strength
(2018) 163-
lightweight concrete and conclusion
,
177 Science direct
 Literature survey:
S.No Author Title Journal Objectives Methodology
Details
6 Blessen Sustainable concrete www.ijert.org To Study effects of Sustainable Chemical composition, Workability,
containing palm oil fuel ash Vol. 6 Issue 03, concrete containing palm oil fuel Setting , Compressive strength, split tensile
Skariah
as a supplementary March-2017 ash as a supplementary test, Flexural test and conclusion.
Thomasa cementitious material
cementitious material
7 Nur Hafizah A Palm oil fuel ash as potential International Journal To study effects of Palm oil fuel Particle size distribution, Filler morphology
of Scientific and ash as potential green micro-filler
green micro-filler in polymer image, mix proportions , Flowability
Research Publications, in polymer concrete
concrete Volume 3, Issue 6, ,compressive strength.
June 2013

8 HMuhammad Performance of masonry Construction and

Building Materials
To study of Performance of Masonry block mix design, compressive
Ekhlasur blocks incorporating Palm Oil masonry blocks incorporating Palm test, efflorescence test, water absorption test
175 (2018) 26–40,
Rahman Fuel Ash Oil Fuel Ash and conclusion.
Science direct

9 Elnaz Sustainable clean pervious
concrete pavement production
Khankhaje, incorporating palm oil fuel ash as
cement replacement
Arab J Sci Eng DOI To study about Sustainable clean Fresh and hardened density of concrete
10.1007/s13369- pervious concrete pavement
014-1381-3 production incorporating palm oil
,water permeability test , abrasion test and
conclusion.
fuel ash as cement replacement

10 Samhitha D Strength of Fibre Reinforced
Concrete with Palm Oil Fuel
Ash as Partial Replacement of
Cement
Construction and A Study on Strength of Fibre Compressive test, Split tensile test, flexural
Building Materials175 Reinforced Concrete with Palm Oil test on fibre reinforced concrete and
(2018) 163- Fuel Ash as Partial Replacement of conclusion.
,
177 Science direct Cement
 Methodology:

Preparation of POFA

Mix design with different

dosage of POFA

Chemical Properties Composition of silica

and alumina and other

Compressive
strength(M25,M30,M40), Workability, Heat of
Flexural strength, split Hydration ,Water
Physical properties
tensile strength, permeability test,
Resistance to chloride Resistance to
penetration carbonation ,
Efflorescence

Conclusion
Reference:
 Blessen Skariah Thomasa , Sanjeev Kumarb , Hasan Sahan Arelc a
Department of Civil Engineering, Providence College of Engineering,
Chengannur, Kerala, India. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 80
(2017) 550–561
 Nur Hafizah A. Khalid a,b , Mohd W. Hussin a, aUTM Construction Research
Centre (UTM CRC), Institute for Smart Infrastructure and Innovative
Construction (ISIIC), Faculty of Civil Engineering, University Teknologi
Malaysia, 81310 Johor, MalaysiaConstruction and Building Materials (2015)
 Muhammad Ekhlasur Rahman, a School of Engineering and Science, Curtin
University Sarawak, CDT 250 98009 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia, Journal of
Cleaner Production 78 (2014) 195e201.
 Elnaz Khankhaje, Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security,
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Johor,
Malaysia, Journal of Cleaner Production 172 (2018) 1476e1485.
 Samhitha D, 2Assistant Professor, department of Civil Engineering,
Gudlavalleru Engineering College, Gudlavalleru, Andhra Pradesh, India,
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-
7064 .
Cont.

 Aiswarya V S, Beyoola Wilson, Harsha V N Civil Engineering Department Federal

Institute of Science and Technology Angamaly, Kerala, India national Journal of
Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181http://www.ijert.org,
IJERTV6IS030514, Vol. 6 Issue 03, March-201.
 Sooraj V.M. ,Civil Engineering Department, SCMS School of Engineering &
Technology, Karukutty, Ernakulam (Kerala), India, International Journal of
Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 3, Issue 6, June 2013 , ISSN 2250-
3153 .
 Hussain M Hamada, Faculty of civil engineering and earth resources, University
of Malaysia, Malaysia, Construction and Building Materials 175 (2018) 26–40.
 Belal Alsubari · Payam Shafigh · Mohd Zamin Jumaat · U. Johnson Alengaram,
30 May 2014 © King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals 2014, Arab J Sci
Eng DOI 10.1007/s13369-014-1381-3.
 K Muthusamy, Faculty of civil engineering and earth resources, University of
Malaysia,Malaysia, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.211