BUILDING MATERIAL

WALL COVERINGS
 INTRODUCTION:

• Wall coverings come in many styles and materials, such as paper, fabric, paint, and wood.
Some wall coverings are chosen because of their decorative value, while others are chosen
for utilitarian reasons. What you choose for your wall will come down to personal taste and
your budget, but there are a few things to consider when making your choice. To choose
your wall coverings, determine your style preferences, compare your options, and narrow
your choices
• a material, primarily paper-based, used for the decoration of interior spaces; it usually comes
in rolls
• Wallpaper was for a long time the traditional wall covering in such Eastern Asian countries
as Japan and China. Wall coverings made of cloth, such as damask, were used exclusively in
Europe until the 18th century to cover both walls and ceilings.
 TYPES OF COVERINGS:
There are three principal types of wall coverings: conventional wallpaper, washable wall
coverings, and sound-absorbent wall coverings (napped). Conventional wallpaper may be
unprimed (the pattern is applied directly on white or colored paper) or primed (the pattern is
applied to a precolored paper surface). It may be patternless, in a single flat color. Some
wallpaper is embossed, with a pattern in relief.
Washable wall coverings may be printed with colors having a water-resistant polymer additive.
Some are printed and then covered with a protective coating of polymer emulsions and
varnishes. Washable wallpapers may have a thin polymer color coating, which is subsequently
embossed. Some wall coverings are essentially opaque polymer films with a printed pattern.
Washable wall coverings, which can withstand repeated washings with warm water and soap, are
noted for their high wear resistance.
Sound-absorbent wallpapers are covered by any one of various napped fibrous materials
(primarily textile waste). A vacuum cleaner is used to clean the surface of such wall coverings.
Wall coverings, in addition to being decorative, are important for reasons of health, since they
cover small holes and cracks in walls. Their color also has an effect on the lighting in a room.
• The preparation of the color components includes selecting the colors; preparing
the binder, emulsions, and varnishes; and mixing the components
• Any material or assembly which is used as a wall facing and is not an integral part
of the wall.
 Contract wallpaper:
• Contract wallcoverings are produced specifically for use in hotels, apartment buildings, office buildings, retail outlets, schools and hospitals.
They are manufactured to meet or surpass minimum physical and performance characteristics set forth in Federal Specifications CCC-W-408.
• The most popular types of wallcoverings for contract installations are as follows:
• Vinyl Coated Paper – wallcoverings that have a paper substrate on which the decorative surface has been sprayed or coated with an acrylic type
vinyl or polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
• Paper Backed Vinyl/Solid Sheet Vinyl – wallcoverings that have a paper (pulp) substrate laminated to a solid decorative surface. These types of
wallcoverings are very durable since the decorative surface is a solid sheet of vinyl. They are classified as scrubbable and peelable.
• Fabric Backed Vinyl – wallcoverings that have a woven substrate of fabric or a nonwoven synthetic substrate. In either case, the substrate is
laminated to a solid vinyl decorative surface.
• General categories of these types of wallcoverings include:
• Type I (Light Duty) – is designed to be used in areas of light to moderate traffic. Typically the weight is between 12 and 19 ounces per linear
yard.

• Type II (Medium/Heavy Duty) – is for use in high traffic areas, such as corridors, public spaces, schools, etc. Typically the weight in this
category will be between 20 and 28 ounces per linear yard.

• Type III - is for use in most heavily traffic areas where greater wall protection is needed. Typically the weight in this category will be between
33 and 36 ounces per linear yard.
PROPERTIES:
The wall coverings plays an important role in decoration
wall coverings are easily available
It will be cost effective
It retains the room temperature and cooling
It will be used for more purposes
It has the thickness of various measurement
It should be with more materials like plastic,wood,timber,plaster of paris,etc…..
It can withstrand strain and dust proof
It is coloured in colour
• USES:
• Wall coverings are used for decoration purposes
• It is used in both wall and roofing
• It is used to get more design and royal houses
• Its main aim is to give more details to the wall or flooring
• Materails and its colour are most iimportant
• It is better life span than wallpapers
• Coverings are made with plastic, wallpaper, whitecement ,plaster of paris ,wood ,
glass etc….
• THANKING YOU