GOALS: To enhance the Hospital capacity for prompt and effective attendance to the largest possible number of people receiving medical and health care in a health emergency or disaster ultimately reducing mortality, morbidity and disability and promoting their recovery. OBJECTIVES: 1. To provide policy for effective response for both internal and external disaster situation that will affect the operation of the hospital and its staff, patient and the community. 2. To identify the hospitals capability to handle mass casualty. 3. To identify responsibilities of individuals and departments in a disaster situation. 4. To identify standard operating procedures guidelines for emergency activities and response. 5. To document best practices and lessons learned during simulation exercises emergencies and disasters. DEFINITION OF TERMS: 1. Hazard - Any potential threat to public safety and/or public health 2. Vulnerability - Factors which increase the risks arising from a specific hazard in a specific community (risk modifiers) 3. Risks - Anticipated consequences of a specific hazard interacting with a specific community (at a specific time) 4. Emergency - Any actual threat to public safety and/or public health DEFINITION OF TERMS: 6. Disaster - Any actual threat to public safety and/or public health where local government and the emergency services are unable to meet the immediate needs of the community 7. Capacities - An assessment of ability to manage to an emergency (a risk modifier) – total capacity is measured as readiness 8. Community - is people, property, services, livelihoods and environment i.e. the elements exposed to hazards 9. Preparedness - is a measure to build capacities to respond to, and recover from emergencies 10.Safe Hospital - is a hospital that will not collapse in disasters, can continue to function health facilities and services, and is organized with contingency plans and workforce DEFINITION OF TERMS: 11.External disaster - are emergency situations occurring outside the hospital, in the community or within its catchments area necessitating the activation of the hospital. In such events upon verification and considering the magnitude of the emergency the hospital decides when to send responding teams to the site and / or prepare itself to receive patient / victims coming from the disaster site brought in by paramedic and / or responding groups. 12.Internal disasters - are situations wherein the hospital itself is affected by the emergency. (Examples: fire, earthquake, etc) DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT THE IN-HOSPITAL RESPONSE TEAM The In-Hospital Response Team provides immediate emergency medical assistance to victims brought to the hospital for proper definitive medical care. It is composed of the following members: Hospital Emergency Management Coordinator (Chief of Hospital, HEMS Coordinator, Officer of the Day) Assistant Hospital Emergency Management Coordinator (assists the Coordinator or acts as Coordinator in the absence of the Coordinator) Hospital Triage Officer (Surgical Resident on Duty preferably the Team Leader) All hospital personnel on duty ROLES AND FUNCTIONS: 1. Initiate the activation of the emergency plans that will authorize respective members of the disaster team of their duties and responsibilities. 2. Provides immediate emergency medical assistance to victims brought to the hospital for proper medical care. 3. Classify victims and retag them as need be based on degree on injury and need for immediate medical care. Identify who will be accommodated to the hospital based on its capability and number of operating rooms and who should be transferred to a higher level hospital. 4. Coordinate with the DOH OPCEN for reports and for possible transfer of some patients; 5. Make available number of beds with expected number of victims. The beds to be freed are those of elective patient who can be discharged without threat to their safety and final recovery. All elective admissions and operations can be postponed. In some cases, not so emergency cases can be transferred to nearby hospital with proper coordination. ROLES AND FUNCTIONS: 6. Ensure that emergency drugs, supplies, necessary equipment are at their disposal and are available. 7. Coordinate with the administrative officer, property officer, pharmacist etc… to inform them of the expected influx of patients; likewise anticipate type of expected patients so that necessary medicines and supplies are made available. 8. Anticipate manpower needs and shifting including nurses and other support staff 9. Assign someone to answer queries of relatives and of the press; 10.Administer appropriate patient care THE ON-SCENE RESPONSE TEAM
The On-Scene Response Team is a small group
of specially qualified physicians and other hospital personnel who shall rush to the scene of the disaster as soon as ordered by the hospital’s Emergency Management Coordinator or his assistant or designate. It provides quick and immediate medical assistance to disaster victims COMPOSITION OF ON-SCENE RESPONSE TEAM
1. An On-Scene Response Officer or Team
Leader 2. Surgical Resident 3. Internal Medicine Resident 4. Nurses 5. Aide or Helper 6. Driver 7. Others (depend on the situation) ROLES AND FUNCTIONS
The on-scene response team shall rush to the
disaster scene to attend to the medical emergency needs of victims and patients on- site and to make proper arrangements for their transport to the hospital for proper medical attention. HAZARD ANALYSIS SEVERIT FREQUE DURATIO MANAGE HAZARD EXTENT TOTAL Y NCY N ABILITY (A=B=C= (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) D)-E Earthquake 2 1 1 1 2 3 Flood/typhoon 2 2 1 1 2 4 Biological Dengue 3 3 3 2 3 8 Infectious 2 1 1 1 2 3 Disease Technological Fire 2 1 1 1 1 4 Transport 1 1 1 1 1 3 incident Societal Gang War 1 1 1 1 1 3 HOSPITAL SERVICES AREA HAZARD VULNERABLE HOSPITAL AREAS
Fire All areas of the hospital
Earthquake All area of the hospital Disease Outbreak All clinical areas Flood/ Typhoon Ground floor Mass Action OPD, E.R, School (PLP), Multi-Purpose Hall Food Poisoning Canteen, Dietary HOSPITAL RESPONSE PLAN 1. Activation of Code Alert System 2. Activation of the Plan 3. Activation of the HEICS 4. Activation of Operation Center 5. Implementation of the RESPONSE Standard Operating Procedures/Protocols for Internal and External Emergencies 6. Implementation of existing hospital Standard Operating Procedures 7. Initiation and Maintenance of Coordination and networking for referrals of cases HOSPITAL RESPONSE PLAN 8. Initiation and Maintenance of Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Services for casualties, patients, hospital staff and other responders, bereaved 9. Management of Information – Monitoring of Plan 10.Activation of plan in the event of complete isolation of hospital for auxiliary power, water and food rationing, medication / dressing rationing, waste and garbage disposal, staff and patient morale 11.Provision of the Public Health Services of the Hospital 12.Management of the Dead 13.Conduct of Post-Incident Evaluation 14.Updating of Plan including amendments to policies and procedures. EARLY WARNING AND CODE ALERT SYSTEM 1. Fire Alarm 2. SOS alarm 3. Typhoon Signals from PAGASA 4. Tsunami Alert 5. Seismology Alert from PHIVOLCS 6. Intercom Announcements