Turbine Condensate and Feed

Water System
COAL TO ELECTRICITY
What is Condensate System

The steam after condensing in the condenser known as

condensate, is extracted out of the condenser hot well
by condensate pump and taken to the deaerator
through ejectors, gland steam cooler, CPU and series
of LP heaters.

All these equipments together forms Condensate

System
Condensate System Components

 Hotwell
 CEP – Condensate Extraction Pump
 GSC – Gland Steam Condenser
 CPU – Condensate Polishing Unit
 LPHs – Low Pressure Heaters
 De-aerator
 Condensate system Components Contd..

• Condensate Extraction Pump :

To pump out the condensate to D/A through
ejectors, GSC and LPH

• Gland Steam Condenser :

To increase the temperature of condensate.

• Condensate polishing unit :

To remove cat-ion and an-ion from the condensate.
Condensate System contd..

D/A level controller :

To control the level of D/A.

Drain Cooler :
To increase the temperature of condensate

LPH :
To increase the temperature of condensate

Deaerator :
To remove the dissolved gases from the feed
water
Condensate Pumps

The function of these pumps is to pumps out the

condensate to the de-aerator through ejectors, gland
steam cooler, and L.P. heaters.

These pumps have multi stages and since the

suction is at a negative pressure, special
arrangements have been made for providing sealing.
 CEP flow circuit

• Converts
CEP
last stage steam of LPT to water

CONDENSER DEAREATOR
GSC CPU LEVEL
CONTROL

CONDENSER

to De-aerator

Minimum recirculation to condenser

CEP Connections
CEP Contd..

Stages:
The pressure build up in multi
stages as suction is at negative
pressure.

Recirculation:
This is required for protection of
CEP by maintaining minimum flow
when there is no flow to Deaerator
CEP internal

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CEP internal

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 Vertical CEP

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 Condensate Flow Diagram

FROM CEP

LPH1 LPH2 LPH3

DRIPWATER DRIPWATER DRIPWATER

CONDENSER CONDENSER CONDENSER CONDENSER

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 Regenerative Rankine Cycle

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 HP Feed Water Heater

A Feed water heater is a component used to pre-heat water

delivered to the boiler.

Preheating the feed water reduces the amount of fuel (heat

input) needed to generate steam which improves the
thermodynamic efficiency of the system

Turbine has been provided with non-controlled extractions

which are utilized for heating the Feed, from turbine bleed
steam.

There are generally 3 High pressure heaters in which HP

and IP turbine extractions are used.
Feed Water Heater

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Feed Water and HP heaters

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L.P. Heaters

Turbine has been provided with non-controlled

extractions which are utilized for heating the
condensate, from LP turbine bleed steam.

There are 3 to 4 low pressure heaters in which LP

turbine last extractions are used.
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How much Feed Water Heaters????

Unit size No. of Heaters

MW
0-50 3-5
50-100 5-6
100-200 5-7
Above 200 6-8

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Heaters performance calculation

TTD = difference of Saturation temperature of Extraction steam at

abs pressure - FW O/L temp.

We maintain TTD around 0 to -2 in HPHs and +3 to +5 in LPHs

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What is De-aereator?

The presence of certain gases, principally oxygen,

carbon-di-oxide and ammonia, dissolved in water is
generally considered harmful because of their
corrosive attack on metals, particularly at elevated
temperatures.

Deaerator is a device for air removal from water to

make it non-corrosive.

Acts as feed water tank where deaerated water is

stored and fed to the suction of boiler feed pumps.
Principle of De-aeration:

Henrys law: The mass of gas with definite mass of

liquid will dissolve at a given temperature and is
directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas
in contact with the liquid. This holds within close
limits for any gas, which does not unite chemically
with the solvent.

Solubility Law: Solubility of gases decreases with

increase in solution temperature and/or decrease in
pressure.
Types of Deaerator

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De-aerator Mountings

• Vent valves
• Tubular type gauge glass.
• High level alarm switch.
• Low level alarm switch.
• Pressure gauge.
• Straight thermometers with pockets.
• Safety valve
Deaerator types..

Tray type

Spray type

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De-aerator view – Tray type
Tray Type De-aerator
Tray type De-aerator

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Spray type De-aerator

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Spray type De-aerator

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Thank
You