SEMINAR TITLE: CAUSES OF POPULATION EXPLOSION

SURENDRALAL DAS TEACHER’S

TRAINING COLLEGE

COURSE NAME : CONTEMPORARY

INDIA AND EDUCATION
NAME OF THE STUDENT : JHUMA ROY
COLLEGE ROL NO. : 13 (A)
NAME OF THE SUPERVISOR : PROF. DEBASISH DAS
 CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Population explosion
• Importance of this topic
• Definition of Over Population
• Formula
• Causes of Population Explosion
• Conclusion
• Comparison
• Reference
 INTRODUCTION
ABOUT THIS PRESENTATION : The rapid growth of the
world's population over the past one hundred years results from a
difference between the rate of birth and the rate of death. The human
population will increase by 1 billion people in the next decade. This is
like adding the whole population of China to the world's population.
The growth in human population around the world affects all people
through its impact on the economy and environment. The current rate
of population growth is now a significant burden to human well-being.
Understanding the factors which affect population growth patterns can
help us plan for the future. The purpose of this unit is to examine some
important factors about overpopulation.

This unit addresses: (1) the definition of overpopulation (2) the causes
of rapid population growth, (3) the consequences of rapid population
growth, and (4) actions and strategies that can be developed to solve
problems caused by overpopulation.
Population Explosion
All nations are committed to achieving a higher standard of
living for their people—adequate food, good health, literacy,
education, and gainful employment. These are the goals of
millions now living in privation. An important barrier to the
achievement of these goals is the current rate of population
growth. The present world population is likely to double in
the next 35 years, producing a population of six billion by
the year 2000. If the same rate of growth continues, there
will be 12 billion people on earth in 70 years and over 25
billion by the year 2070. Such rapid population growth,
which is out of proportion to present and prospective rates
of increase in economic development, imposes a heavy
burden on all efforts to improve human welfare. Moreover,
since we live in an interconnected world, it is an
international problem from which no one can escape.
 IMPORTANCE OF THE TOPIC

 Today’s children are tomorrow’s citizens

They must know the population and it’s consequences
Education-effective way to conscientize people of the need for accepting
small family norm.
Students-play major roll –spreading this message
Trained –How to spread
Hence it is necessary to include population education in the school
curriculum
To improve quality of life
To increase employment opportunities
To Increase per capita food supply
To improve housing facilities, medical facilities, education facilities and
also life security
To increase time To minimize social problem and evils
To make the earth more suitable for life.
for rest and recreation
 THE DEFINITION OF
OVERPOPULATION
In the past, infant and childhood deaths and short life spans used to limit popula-
tion growth. In today's world, thanks to improved nutrition, sanitation, and
medical care, more babies survive their first few years of life. The combination of a
continu-ing high birth rate and a low death rate is creating a rapid population
increase in many countries in Asia, Latin America and Africa and people generally
lived longer. Over-population is defined as the condition of having more people
than can live on the earth in comfort, happiness and health and still leave the
world a fit place for future generations.1 What some people now believe that the
greatest threat to the future comes from overpopulation.It took the entire history
of humankind for the population to reach 1 billion around 1810. Just 120 years
later, this doubled to 2 billion people (1930); then 4 billion in 1975 (45 years). The
number of people in the world has risen from 4.4 billion people in 1980 to 5.8
billion today. And it is estimated that the population could double again to nearly
11 billion in less than 40 years. 2 This means that more people are now being
added each day than at any other time in human history.
FORMULA
 CAUSES OF POPULATION EXPLOSION
Poverty
Poverty is believed to be the leading cause of overpopulation. A lack of
educational resources, coupled with high death rates leading to higher birth
rates, result in impoverished areas seeing large booms in population.
The effect is so extensive that the UN has predicted that the forty-eight
poorest countries in the world are also likely to be the biggest contributors to
population growth. Their estimates state that the combined population of
these countries is likely to balloon to 1.7 billion in 2050, from 850 million in
2010.
Poor Contraceptive Use
Though the availability of contraceptives is widespread in developed
countries, poor planning on both partners’ parts can lead to unexpected
pregnancies. Statistics have shown that in Great Britain 76% of
women aged between 16 and 49 used at least one form of contraceptive,
leaving a quarter open to unexpected pregnancies.
This issue is exacerbated in underdeveloped areas. A study by the World
Health Organization (WHO) shows that this usage figure drops to 43% in
countries that are blighted by issues like poverty, which leads to higher
birth rates.

Illiteracy and Unawareness

In India around 36% males and 61% females are illiterate.
Neither they have full knowledge of family planning nor they
know about the consequences of excessive childbirth. This is
one of the reasons of rising population and the situation of
Population Explosion’ is emerged.
Child Labor :
As distressing as it may be to hear, child labor is still used extensively in
many parts of the world. UNICEF estimates that approximately 150 million
children are currently working, primarily in countries that have few child
labor laws.
This can result in children being seen as a source of income by
impoverished families. Furthermore, children who begin work too young
also lose the educational opportunities they should be granted,
particularly when it comes to birth control.

.
Immigration
Unchecked immigration into countries may lead to overpopulation to the
point where those countries no longer have the required resources for their
population. This is particularly problematic in countries where immigration
numbers far exceed emigration numbers.
In some cases, immigrants may be attempting to escape overpopulation in
their own countries, only to contribute to the same issues in the countries
they move to. However, data also exists to show the immigration can bolster
economies, with the effect in the UK being particularly pronounced.
Reduced Mortality Rates
Improvement in medical technology has led to lower mortality
rates for many serious diseases. Particularly dangerous viruses and
ailments such as polio, smallpox and measles have been practically
eradicated by such advances.
While this is positive news in many ways, it also means that people
are living longer than ever before. This “delay” in the cycle of life
and death has led to birth rates outstripping death rates by
over two to one in modern times
Fertility Treatment
Though it only plays a minor role in comparison to the other causes of
overpopulation, improved fertility treatments have made it possible
for more people to have children.
The number of women using various fertility treatments has been on
the rise since their inception. Now most have the option of conceiving
children, even if they may not have been able to do so without such
treatments.

Religious Superstitions
Our religious Gurus say that if a Hindu person does not has son, then
who will perform the religious ritual in its absence. Due to this, person
remains engage in the continuous process of giving birth, one by one,
in search of male baby. In the same manner, in Muslims both male and
female child is a boon (gift) sent by Allah, prevention of their birth by
using any means of family planning is a sin. Due to these reasons,
population is continuously increasing.
 OTHER CAUSES

 Child Marriage

Poor Quality life style

Progress in Medical Science

Improvement of transfer Facility and Agricultural production

The Climate condition of India

Lack of Social Security

 CONCLUSION
Perhaps if solutions like the one child policy or birth control and others were applied to India and the
World the population growth would slow, giving us more control of our own destiny. However, as of
now we have yet to see these changes or any change for that matter to slow a growing problem that
is a large undisputed problem for all of mankind. Only with the effort of many people can we reduce
the population growth and continue to live the lives we currently have. If we continue to have such a
high population growth rate we will struggle to support the billions of people on this planet. This will
cause famine and conflict and will limit the resources for future generations. We will destroy the
earth rather than preserving it which is our duty since we inhabit the earth.
By implementing birth control it would directly limit the birth rate in countries that have
extremely high growth rates and would ultimately slow the population growth. By informing young
adults of the consequences of sex including pregnancy and STD’s hopefully it will limit the amount of
young unplanned pregnancies. By searching for better ways to use our resources more effectively
more people could live on less resources. Providing that we do become extremely overpopulated
(which is where we are headed right now) by allowing less resources to be spent on each person we
can spread resources out making each resource more effective than it would have been. If these
efforts fail it is always possible to implement China’s One Child Policy in other developing countries
like India to prevent the population growth rate from rising to high. Although this is a drastic
measure precautions need to be taken to make sure our earth does not exceed its limitations. In
India this could be justified by the use of dharma in their religion which states they must put the
world’s needs before their own. If these solutions were implemented it would help cut down an
increasing problem that concerns not small groups of people but everyone that inhabit the earth
 COMPARISON
China and India are the two most populous countries of the world. China is the most
populous country with approximately 1.42 billion people in 2018. India is second largest
country by population with approximately 1.35 billion inhabitants in 2018. China and India
together account for 36.28% of total world population 7,632,819,325.

In 2018, population of China is 41 million more than India. Due to higher population growth
of India, margin between these two country is coming down quickly. And in 2024, India will
have more people than China with approximately 1.44 billion people. Currently, China's
population growth rate is only 0.39%, while India is growing at 1.11%. Population of China
and India will decline after 2030 and 2062, respectively.

in 1950, population of China was 554 million. While, population of India was 376 million.
China crossed one billion mark in 1981 and India in 1998. By 2029, India will cross the 1.5
billion mark.
Both countries have lower female population compare to male. Female
population sharing of China is slightly greater than India. China has 94.1
female par 100 males where as India's figure is 92.94. Fertility rate (2015-
2020) of India is 2.30 and of China is 1.63. With median agee of 26.7 India is
more younger than China of 37.0.
Population density of India is 440.29 person per square km compare to
148.81 of China. So, India is 2.96 times more dense than China. China is 4th
and India is 7th largest country in terms of area.
 REFERENCE
 www.google.com

www.wikipedia.com

http://statisticstimes.com/demographics/china-vs-india-
population.php

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3987379/

Meadows, op cit., Chapter 3, The Limits: Sources and Sinks,

p51.

 Meadows, op cit., Chapter 3, The Limits: Sources and Sinks,

p55