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Activity – A Picture that Paints a Thousand Words
POST QUESTIONS:
How do we find out the solutions or causes
of these problems?
Do you have an idea on what kind of
methods or approaches can we use to
evaluate these kinds of issues?
Are your solutions applicable to derive
results to these matters?
Qualitative and Quantitative research
Code: (CS_RS-IIIa-4)
RESEARCH
What is research?
Research is a systematic process of
solving a problem or finding answers to
it.
It includes any formal gatherings of
data , information or facts for the
advancement of knowledge.
2 Basic research approaches:
1. Quantitative research
2. Qualitative research
What is a quantitative research?
Quantitative research involves the use of computational,
statistical, mathematical techniques to derive results
from the problem.
Quantitative research emphasizes objective
measurements and precise analysis of data
using mathematical techniques. Quantitative
research focuses on gathering numerical data and
generalizing it across groups of people or to
explain a particular phenomenon.
(Babbie, Earl R. The Practice of Social Research.)
What is a qualitative research?
Qualitative research is a scientific method of
observation of gathering non- numerical data.
It focuses on the "why" rather than the "what" of
social phenomena and relies on the direct experiences
of human beings as a mean of data that help us
understand social life.
A qualitative study is defined as a process
of understanding a social or human
problem, based on building a complex,
related picture, formed with words,
reporting detailed views of informants, and
conducted in a natural setting.
Cresswell (1994)
Differences of quantitative and qualitative research
Qualitative
Types of
Quantitative
research
Mixed Methods
Qualitative Research Quantitative Research
To quantify data and
generalize results from a
To gain an understanding
sample to the population of
of underlying reasons and
interest
motivations
It may focus on finding the
To find factors, effects,
extent of a relationship or
variables about a certain
measuring the corrections
phenomenon
between or among variables.
Objective/ To provide insights into the
(it doesn’t concern on finding
Purpose setting of a problem,
factors)
generating ideas and/or
To measure the incidence of
hypotheses for later
various views and opinions in
quantitative research
a chosen sample
To uncover prevalent
Sometimes followed by
trends in thought and
qualitative research which is
opinion
used to explore some findings
further
Qualitative Quantitative
Research Research
Usually a small Usually a large number
Sample number of non- of cases representing the
Populatio representative cases. population of interest.
n Respondents selected Randomly selected
to fulfill a given quota. respondents.
Unstructured or semi-
Structured techniques
structured techniques
such as online
e.g. individual depth
Data questionnaires, on-street
interviews or group
Collection or telephone interviews.
discussions.
It uses close ended
It uses open-ended
questions
questions
Qualitative Quantitative
Research Research
Statistical data is usually in
the form of tabulations
Data Non-statistical. ,
(tabs). Findings are
Analysis text/image data
conclusive and usually
descriptive in nature.
Exploratory and/or
investigative. Findings are
not conclusive and cannot be
used to make generalizations
Used to recommend a final
Outcome about the population of
course of action.
interest. Develop an initial
understanding and sound
base for further decision
making.
In a nutshell, quantitative
research generates
numerical data or
information that can be
converted into
numbers. Qualitative
Research on the other hand
generates non-numerical
data.
ANALYSIS
A. Group Activity:
2 TRUTHS and A LIE
Read each set of statements and and find out the incorrect
one .
e.g.
1.) Quantitative research requires more number of
respondents than qualitative research.
2.) Qualitative research is achieved through mathematical
equations or computations.
3. ) Research comes from the prefix “re” meaning “again”.
Which is the lie(incorrect)?
Answer: #2
Answer: #1
This question needs an extensive answer , not just yes or
no.
C.
1. Focus groups or in-depth interviews are ways to
gather data in qualitative research.
2. Quantitative research must be expressed in an
unbiased manner.
3. Quantitative research calls for enough number of
respondents.
Answer: #3
Quantitative research needs large number of population
to produce reliable results.
Abstraction
Why is research important?