CORRECTIONS

What is Correction?

 4th pillar /branch of Criminal Justice

System
 weakest pillar
 concerned with the custody
supervision and rehabilitation of criminal
offenders
INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTION
What is Punishment?

• redress that the state takes against the

offending member

 involves suffering and pain

 means of social control
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT
- infliction of death penalty upon a person
convicted of a heinous crimes.
CORPORAL PUNISHMENT
- infliction of physical pain upon convicted
criminal.
PENALTY
- suffering inflicted by the state for the
transgression of law.
ANCIENT FORMS OF PUNISHMENT
• Death Penalty
- effected by burning, boiling, hanging, etc.
• Physical Torture
- barbaric and inhumane, mutilation, etc.
• Social Degradation
• Banishment
- sending or putting away of an offender
CONTEMPORARY FORMS OF PUNISHMENT

a. IMPRISONMENT
- putting offenders on a prison
- protecting the public against him
- undergoing institutional treatment programs
b. PAROLE
- prisoners are selected for release
- granted by the Parole Probation Administration
c. PROBATION
- procedure under which a defendant found guilty
of a crime
- release by the court
- not exceed 6 years
- granted by the court with the supervision of the
PPA
d. FINE
e. DESTIERRO
- penalty of banishing crime ( 25 kms )
JUSTIFICATION OF PUNISHMENT

1. RETRIBUTION
a. Retaliation ( Personal Vengeance )
- remedies for a wrongful act
“ An eye for an eye ” philosophy
b. Expiation or atonement ( Group Vengeance )
2. DETERRENCE OR EXEMPLARITY

3. PROTECTION/ INCAPACITATION
- act of making an individual “incapable” of
committing a crime
- banishment or Destierro

4. REHABILITATION/ REFORMATION
- restore to useful life through therapy &
education or to restore to good condition.
EARLY CODE

a. Hammurabi Code (1800/1760 BC )

- oldest written Penal law that stopped the ancient
practice of retribution
- punishment became the responsibility of the
state
- it instituted the Law of Talon ( Lex Talionis ) AN
EYE FOR AN EYE, ATOOTH FOR A TOOTH ( the
state will meet out punishment equally )
b. JUSTINIAN CODE
c. TWELVE TABLES ( Roman Law )
- most lasting and most pervading influence on
modern legal system
d. CODE OF DRACO
- harsh that provides the same punishment for
both citizens and the slaves
e. BURGUNDIAN CODE
- specified punishment according to social
class
f. KALANTIAO CODE
g. MARAGTAS CODE ( Datu Sumakwel )
18th CENTURY ( 1870 -1880 )
- the age of Enlightenment
- century of change
- recognizing human dignity
What is Penology?
- a science
- study of crimes, criminals &
punishment
- “POENA” Latin of Punishment
( means pain or suffering )
SCHOOL OF PENOLOGY

a. CLASSICAL SCHOOL ( Logistics )

- Doctrine of psychological hedonism
- pleasure and pains
b. NEO-CLASSICAL SCHOOL
- children and lunatics
c. POSITIVE/ ITALIAN SCHOOL
- Determinism ( explanation of behavior )
HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON CORRECTION

1. GALLEYS
- low and narrow single deck
2. HULK OF HULK
- old sailing ship
- former warship used to house prisoners in
the 18th-19th century as means of relieving
congestion of prisoner
- Floating hells
- anchored in the middle of the sea for
heinous criminals
EARLY PRISONS
MAMERTIME PRISON
- earliest Roman place of confinement
which was built under the main sewer
in Rome about 64 BC.
BRIDEWELL WORKHOUSE (1552)
- employment and housing
- England
- for women and juvenile
- first house of correction
- for beggars, prostitutes and vagrants
WALLNUT STREET JAIL
- first American penitentiary

MILLBANK PENITENTIARY (1812-1821)

- first English prison popular in London
PANOPTICON
- ( everything in sight )
- a building plan
- inspection prison house
- tank like structure covered by glass
roof
NEWGATE PRISON
- abandoned-coppermine located at
Sinsbury, Connecticut
- black hole of horrors
- discovered by John Howard
ELMIRA AND AMERICAN REFORMATORY
SYSTEM
- indeterminate sentence and good conduct
- forerunner of modern penology

BORSTAL INSTITUTION
- considered as the best reform institutions for
young offenders
- for male offenders (16-21 years old)
- individualized treatment
TWO RIVAL PRISONS
a. AUBURN PRISON
- Confinement of prisoners at night
and congregate work during day

b. PENNSYLVANIA PRISON
- solitary system confinement and the
prisoners are in their own cell day
and night.
PRISON
- where people are physically confined
and deprived their freedom or liberty

- penitentiary institution for the

incarceration or imprisonment of a
person convicted of a major or serious
crimes.
PENAL COLONIES IN THE
PHILIPPINES
1. IWAHIG PRISON AND PENAL FARM
- Largest penal prison in Philippines or in
Asia
- 34,295 or 36,000 hectares
- November 1, 1905
- no walls, located at Puerto Princesa City,
Palawan
- one of the best institution in the world
TAGUMPAY
- settlement in Iwahig Penal Colony
2. DAVAO PRISON & PENAL FARM
- 2nd largest penal prison
- 18,000 hectares for abaca
- 3,000 hectares for banana
- January 21, 1932
- located at Panabo, Davao Del Norte
- Act 3732/ Proc 414
TANGLAW
- settlement in Davao Prison
3. SABLAYAN PRISON
- 3rd largest
- 16,000 hectares
- supplier of rice and vegetables in NBP
- September 27, 1954
- Sablayan, Occidental Mindoro
- as known as “ VIRGIN ISLAND ”
4. SAN RAMON PRISON
- 4th largest
- 1,546 hectares
- OLDEST PENAL INSTITUTION in the
Philippines
- 1869
- Zamboanga City
- Prison exclusive for POLITICAL
OFFENDERS
COPRA
- product of San Ramon Prison
5. LEYTE REGIONAL PRISON
- 5th largest prison
- 861 hectares
- January 16, 1973
- located at Abuyog, Leyte
6. NEW BILIBID PRISON
- 6th largest prison
- 531-552 hectares
- 1936 or 1941
- located at Muntinlupa City
7. CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION FOR
WOMEN
- 7th largest penal prison
- 13 hectares
- 1931
- located in Mandaluyong City
- Act 3579
CLASSIFICATION
OF
PRISONERS
1. SUPER MAXIMUM
- special group of prisoners
- orange color
- fence is 25-30 feet
- incorrigible or intractable
2. MAXIMUM
- located at National Bilibid Prison
- dangerous to public and security of the
state
- 18-25 ft. fence
- orange or tangerine
- 20 years incarceration and above
MEDIUM
- located at Camp Sampaguita
- allowed to work outside the fence
- those who cannot be trusted in an open
condition
- Blue uniform
- fence: inner (12-18 ft.)
outer (8-12 ft.)
distance (18-20 ft.)
- 20 years below imprisonment
4. MINIMUM
- located at Camp Bukang Liwayway
- reasonably trusted
- brown
- 8-10ft.
- 3-5ft barbed wire
- e.g. 65 years old
5. DETAINEE
- those who are held for trial
- waiting verdict decision by the court
- yellow or gray
What is Jail?
- “CAVEA” Latin word
- (means cavity , cage or coop)
- public cages or coop
- institution for the confinement of persons
who are awaiting final disposition.
TYPES OF JAIL
a. LOCK-UP JAIL
- temporary detention of persons held
for the investigation or waiting
preliminary hearings
b. ORDINARY JAIL
- houses where both offenders
awaiting court action and those
serving short sentences usually
up to 3 years or less.
c. WORKHOUSE, JAILFARM OR
CAMP
- houses minimum custody
offenders serving short sentences
with constructive programs.
CLASSIFICATION
OF
INMATES
a. SENTENCED PRISONERS
- convicted by final judgment of the
crime charge against him.
b. DETENTION PRISONERS
- detained for the violation of law,
ordinances & has not yet been
convicted.

c. PERSONS HELD FOR

INVESTIGATION
 CLASSIFICATION
OF
SENTENCED PRISONERS
(under PD 29)
a. INSULAR PRISONERS
- over 3 years imprisonment or fine
more than 1,000 or both

b. CITY PRISONERS
- not more than 3 years imprisonment
or ₱1,000 fine or both
c. MUNICIPAL PRISONER
- sentenced to serve imprisonment not
more than 6 months

d. PROVINCIAL PRISONER
- 6 months and 1 day to 3 years
imprisonment
What is Furlough?
- period of absence from the
correctional institution.

HALFWAY HOUSE
- unconvincing existential facility for
adjudicated adults or juveniles
QUARANTINE UNIT
- given through physical examination
- to ensure that the prisoner is not
suffering from any contagious disease
- 5-10 days / 7-10 days
STAFF CONFERENCE
- interviews and examinations
- “guidance conference”
- case conference
ADMISSION SUMMARY
- written reports submitted by the staff
of the center regarding their findings
on the prisoners are compiled
- becomes the nucleus of the
cumulative case history of the
prisoners
PRE-PAROLE TREATMENT
- program specifically planned
to prepare the offender prior to
his release on parole.
LEAVE FOR WORK
- allows the offender to employed in
community, provided he returns to the
institution at night.
EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM
- one of the most important phase of the
treatment and training of prisoners

RECREATIONAL PROGRAM
- important part of the rehabilitation
program
a) healthy activities for men and
conducted during free time
GCTA (Good Conduct and Time Allowance)
- granted by BuCor Director

DEDUCTION (per month)

a.1-2 years 5 days
b. 3-5 years 8 days
c. Until 10 years 10 days
d. 11-20 years 15 days
SPECIAL TIME ALLOWANCE
- Loyalty
- give himself up voluntarily within 48
hours after such calamity (conflagration,
earthquake, explosion, etc.)
- ( deduction of 1/5 of the period of his
sentence)
* In 10 years serving sentence 2 years will
be deducted.
CONTROL OF CONTRABAND
- such items and provides for their
regulations

CONTRABAND
- item or thing prohibited by law or
forbidden by jail rules that would pass as
security hazard or endanger the lives of
inmates.
CUSTODY
- is defined as guarding or penal
safekeeping

MANUAL AND RULE BOOK

- guide both the prisoners and
employees in the proper procedures of
administration.
DEATH PENALTY
- shall be executed under the
authority of the Director by “LETHAL
INJECTION”.
MAY HALIQUE ESTATE
- the Old Bilibid Prison and now
being used the Manila jail
JUDICIAL CONDITIONS OF PENALTY

1. Productive of suffering
2. Commensurate with the offense
- different crime, different punishment
3. Personal
4. Legal
5. Equal
6. Certain
- no one must escape it’s effect
7. Correctional
- changes the attitude
PERSONALITIES
ZEBULON R. BROCKWAY
- Superintendent of the Elmira
Reformatory in New York
- 1876 – introduced a new institutional
program for boys from 16 to 30 years old
ALEXANDER MACONOCHIE
- father of modern penology
- Supt. of the penal colony
- substitute corporal punishment to TICKET
TO LEAVE
- 1840- introduce MARK SYSTEM
 MARK SYSTEM
- system which a prisoner is required to
carry a number of mark
- progressive humane system
SIR WALTER CROFTON
- 1854 – director of Irish Prisons
- introduced Irish system
- modified Maconochie’s mark system
- Father of Parole
SIR EVELYN RUGGLES BRISE
- director of English Prison
- BORSTAL INSTITUTION (considered as
the best reform institution for young
offenders)
- for male offenders
- 16-21 years old
JOHN LOCKE
- wrote an essay on human understanding
EDWARD N. SAVAGE
- ex- Chief of Boston Police
- first appointed Probation officer in the
world
SUTHERLAND & CRESSEY
- define punishment as an instrument of
the Public Justice
JOHN HOWARD
- U.S.
- Father of Penitentiary
- who gave his life for a better and humane
treatment of a prisoner
- father of Prison Reform
- discovered NEWGATE PRISON
- “SHERIFF BEDSFORSHIRE” – the great
Prison reform
MANUEL MONTESIMOS
- Director of prisons at Valencia, Spain
in 1835
- appointed by Petty Officers in-charge
- allowed reduction of inmates
sentenced by 1/3 for good behavior
DOMETS OF FRANCE (1839)
- agricultural colony for delinquent boys
- Patron Supervisions
ISAAC NEWTON
- “Principia” book (1687)
- encourage intellectuals to investigate
social phenomenon scientifically and
methodically
WILLIAM PENN
- 1614 to 1718
- first leader to prescribe imprisonment
- responsible for the abolition of death
penalty and torture as a form of
punishment
CHARLES MONSTEQUEUE
- 1689 to 1755
- French historian analyzed law as
expression of justice
- Harsh Punishments
- geographical theory of equator
JEREMY BENTHAM
- formulated Hedonistic Calculus
- “HEDONISM/HEDOISM” – seek
pleasure and pain
- Utilitarianism
- whatever pleasure or pain derives
from crime
- invented “Panopticon”
VOLTAIRE
- fear of shame was deterrent

CESARE BECCARIA
- 1739-1794
- presented the humanistic goal of law
FATHER COOK
- became interested in youth that were
tried before the court whose cases
were due to circumstance rather than
to character
GOV. ALEXANDER H. RICE
- signed the first state the
PROBATION LAW
– the Massachusetts Law of 1978
(April 26)
NON-INSTITUTIONAL
CORRECTION
CORRECTION
- is the study of jail or prison
management and administration as
well as the rehabilitation and
reformation of prisoners
TYPES OF CORRECTIONAL
TREATMENT

a. Community based treatment

b. Institutionalized-based treatment
FORERUNNERS
OF
PROBATION
a. BENEFITS OF CLERGY
- earliest device for softening brutal
severity of punishment
- 13th century – originated in a
compromise with the church that a
member of clergy brought to trial in a
king’s court
- a prisoner was subject to the authority of
ecclesiastical court
b. JUDICIAL REPRIEVE
- is the withdrawing of sentence for an
interval of time whereby the execution
is suspended either before or after
judgment
- (the judge is not satisfied with the
verdict or the evidence is suspicious or
the complaint is insufficient or he is
doubtful)
c. RECOGNIZANCE OR BINDING OVER
FOR GOOD BEHAVIOR
- originated as a measure of preventive
justice and “DIRECT ANCESTOR OF
PROBATION”
- an obligation or promise
- sworn to under court by a person not
yet convicted
- that he would keep the peace and be
of good behavior
d. TRANSPORTATION
- disposing of offender by ancient practice
of banishment
- an attempt to substitute for brutal
punishment, a home an opportunity for
rehabilitation.
MASSACHUSETTES LAW of 1978
- the first state probation law
What is PROBATION?
- a disposition under which a defendant,
after conviction and sentence, is
released subject to conditions imposed
by the court and to the supervision of a
provision of officer
PROBATION
- is the privilege granted by court to a
person convicted of criminal offense to
remain in community
- 5 to 10 days for denying or granting of
court
 FATHERS
OF
PROBATION
a. MATTHEW DAVENPORT HILL
- Father of probation in England
- Acted regards to juvenile offenders
b. JOHN AUGUSTUS
- father of probation in US
- promote temperance & reclaim
drunkards & was the first to develop a
sustain service
- 1st true probation officer
- a SHOE MAKER
- common drunkard
- 1st probation
TEODULO NATIVIDAD
- father of probation in the Philippines
- passed the HB 293 or 392 or 393 (09-
21-1972)
- with Cong. Ramon Bagatsing
What is EXECUTIVE CLEMENCY?
- refer to the commutation of sentence,
pardon as may be granted by the
President of the Philippines upon the
recommendation of the board.
 COMMUTATON OF SENTENCE
- refer to the reduction of the duration
of a prison sentence
 REPRIEVE
- an act of EC ordering the temporary
stay of execution of sentence
(usually the death penalty)
 PARDON
- an act of EC by a head of the state
for the purpose of exempting an
individual from the punishment
imposed upon him by a court of law
- an EXECUTIVE GRACE
2 TYPES OF PARDON

a. CONDITIONAL PARDON
- Refer to the exemption of an
individual, within certain limits or
conditions
b. ABSOLUTE PARDON
- total extinction of criminal liability and
granted without any condition
- usually given to politicians
 AMNESTY
- an act of grace
- extended to a group of persons who
committed political offenses
- “OBLIVION”- absolving without trial
INDETERMINATE SENTENCE
- when the sentence provides for a
minimum period and maximum period
DETERMINATE SENTENCE
- has only one period in sentence of the
court
- fixed sentence
PAROLE
- suspension of sentence of a convict
after serving the minimum term of the
penalty
- partial extinction of criminal liability
- conditional release of a prisoner
- they serve the remainder of their
sentences within the free community
PAROLE
- from the French word “ PAROLE
D’ HONEUR” means word of
honor
DEFINITION OF TERMS
DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY
- others care accompanied by responsibility
and accountability
UNITY OF COMMAND
- principle that only one man be in complete
command and only one man in direct
command
SPAN OF CONTROL
- no one can exercise all the authority in
decision making
LESS GRAVE OFFENSE
- failure to assist in putting out fires inside
the jail
COMMITMENT ORDER
- writ ordering the confinement of a person
in penal institution
CARPETA
- Latin word for folder or record
SLAVES
- in the ancient times they were
commonly subjected to harsh
punishments
OPERATION GREYHOUND
- where BJMP can search anytie
Pp. V. Vera, 376 O.G. 164
- case paved the way for the abolition of the
first probation law
1:1+1
- escorting ratio
SECURING SANCTUARY
- criminal can seek refuge in a church
in order to avoid punishment in 90
days
PD 968
- Adult Probation Law of 1976
Act 4103
- as amended by Acts 4203 & 4225,
otherwise known as
“INDETERMINATE SENTENCE LAW”,
took effect on Dec. 5, 1933
EO 292
- renamed the BoP to BuCor
- Aquino administration
POST SENTENCE INVESTIGATION
- serve as the basis in granting probation to
qualified applicant
- POST means after trial
- convicted but not serving sentence
- within 60 days Probation officer should
submit their PSIR
- 15 days resolving
RATIONALIZATION
What is the common sexual
deviation committed in prisons?
A. Masturbation
B. Sodomy
C. Fetishism
D. Gerontophilia

Answer: A
Who approves application for
probation?
A. Judge
B. Chief/Head of Probation and
Parole Administration
C. President
D. Prosecutor
Answer: B
It refers to illegal selling done by
prisoners inside the correctional facility.

A. Hustling
B. Vending
C. Malingering
D. Squealing

Answer : B
Inmates who are quarrelsome and
inflict pain to fellow inmates are known
as?

A. Machos
B. Hustlers
C. Squealers
D. Vandals
Answer: B
Which of the following are the major
goals of correction?
A. Punishment, confinement, retribution,
treatment
B. Retribution, deterrence, incapacitation,
rehabilitation
C. Deterrence, punishment, incapacitation,
treatment
D. Deterrence, retribution, punishment,
treatment
Answer : B
What was the prison designed by Jeremy
Bentham consists of a large circular
building, containing multi cells around the
periphery designed but was never built?
A. Mamertime Prison
B. Panopticon Prison
C. Alcatraz
D. Auburn Prison
Answer: B
A judicial action for legal disposition that
allows the offender to remain in the
community subject to conditions imposed by
the court?
A. Reprieve
B. Probation
C. Commutation
D. Parole
Answer: B
Adult Probation Law is also known
as?

A. Act 4103
B. RA 381
C. PD 963
D. PD 968
Answer: D
Which of the following is an open
correctional institution known to be the
best and prison without walls?

A. Davao penal farm

B. Sablayan penal colony
C. San Ramon prison and penal farm
D. Iwahig penal colony
Answer: D
Which is called the finest penal farm in
the world?

A. Davao penal farm

B. Sablayan penal colony
C. San Ramon prison and penal farm
D. Iwahig penal colony

Answer: D
Pedro was sentenced to serve a maximum term
of imprisonment of not more than six years. He
applied for probation but his application will not be
considered if:
1. He was previously granted parole
2. He was previously convicted by final judgment
of an offense punished by imprisonment of not
less than one month and one day and/or a fine of
not less than 200 pesos
3. He was previously granted probation
4. He was convicted of subversion or any crimes
against national security or public order
A. 1, 2 and 3
B. 2, 3 and 4
C. 3, 4 and 1
D. Any of those listed
Answer: B
When does punishment have a
deterrent effect?

A. Punishment reduces the capacity of an

individual to commit a crime
B. Punishment serves as an example to the public
thus discouraging the commission of an offense
C. Punishment is serious compared with the nature
of offense
D. Punishment disgraces the offender before the
public.
Answer: B
Under the UN Standard Minimum Rules for treatment of Prisoners,
which of the following are the two basic principles under rules of
general application to prisoners?
1. There shall be no discrimination on grounds of race, color, sex,
language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social
origin, birth or other status
2. It is necessary to respect the religious belief and moral rule of
the group to which the prisoner belong
3. The treatment of prisoner should emphasize not their exclusion
from the community, but their continuing part in it
4. Unconvicted prisoners are presumed to be innocent and shall
be treated as such.
A. 2 and 3
B. 4 and 1
C. 1 and 2
D. 3 and 4

Answer: B
What does classical theory
provides?

A. Criminal behavior is inherited and therefore could be controlled by

regulating the reproduction of families
B. Criminal behavior is learned in interaction with other persons in
the process of communication
C. Crime and delinquency are symptoms of social and penalty
disorders
D. The basis for criminal liability is human free will and the purpose of
penalty is retribution
Answer: D
The theory in criminal causation
focuses on the criminal disorders,
chromosomes irregularity, and
abnormal brain activity?
A. Biological
B. Psychological
C. Sociological
D. Geological
Answer: A
The punishment which affords the society
or the individual who was wronged, the
opportunity to impose upon the offender
such suitable punishment as may be
enforced
A. Reformation
B. Retribution
C. Expiation
D. Deterrence
Answer: B
Where Rene Boy shall be confined if
his sentence is 6 months or less?
A. National prison
B. Municipal jail
C. City jail
D. Provincial jail
Answer: B
A married prisoner is visited by his wife
and they were granted the time for their
marital sexual obligation. What do you
call this affair?

A. Sexual relation
B. Conjugal partnership
C. Conjugal privilege
D. Conjugal visit

Answer: D
Robin Padilla was convicted and ready to
serve his sentence inside the prison. Why
was he photographed at the Reception and
Diagnostic Center?

A. He is a actor and photogenic

B. It is rare opportunity to have his photograph
C. To have a souvenir photo of the actor
D. Photographing the inmate is part of the
reception procedure
Answer: D
A penalty having its minimum and
maximum duration is referred to as

A. Determinate sentence
B. Capital punishment
C. Corporal punishment
D. Indeterminate sentence

Answer: D
Which of the following executive
clemency needs the concurrence of the
congress?
A. Pardon
B. Amnesty
C. Probation
D. Parole
Answer: B
It is an executive clemency whereby
the convicted person should serve
part of his sentence?
A. Pardon
B. Parole
C. Probation
D. Amnesty
Answer: B
What should the court do where the
accused violated the terms and
conditions of his probation?
A. Court releases the probationer to the community
B. Revoke and let the probationer served his
sentence
C. Court order the probationer to apply for parole
D. Court should allow the probationer to continue his
probation
Answer: B
How many hours should the jail
disciplinary board hear and decide the
case brought before it?

A. 24 hours
B. 12 hours
C. 48 hours
D. 72 hours
Answer: C
Minimum number of time in counting
the inmates on daily basis?

A. Three times
B. Two times
C. Four times
D. Five times
Answer: C
What is the duration should the
probation officer submit his post
sentence investigation to the court?
A. 60 days
B. 30 days
C. within 60 days
D. 15 days
Answer: C
A shoemaker and became the father
of probation in the U.S
A. Mathew Davenport Hill
B. Edward Savage
C. John Augustus
D. Teodolo Natividad

Answer: C
When did probation start in the
Philippines?

A. 1938
B. 1841
C. 1896
D. 1932

Answer: D
It is regarded as the most important
program that aids in the rehabilitation
or prisoners
A. Recreational program
B. Religious program
C. Educational program
D. Employment of prisoners
Answer: C
Person who are deemed instrumental
on the reformation of prisoners due to
their daily contact with inmates?

A. Chaplain
B. Warden
C. Psychologist
D. Prison guards
Answer: D
Which of the following is not
considered by P.D 29 as prisoners?

A. Municipal prisoner
B. Provincial prisoner
C. Insular prisoner
D. Detention prisoner
Answer: D
It is given to prisoners who have returned
to their places of confinement within 48
hours after a calamity.

A. Good conduct time allowance

B. Special time allowance
C. Visitation privileges
D. Good treatment allowance
Answer: B
Juan Manalo was convicted by final judgment to serve
the term of imprisonment for 20 years. While serving
his sixth year of imprisonment, an earthquake rocked
the prison and several inmates escaped. Roberto
returned the following day, how many years would be
deducted from his sentence?
A. 4 years
B. 8 years
C. 9 years
D. 11 years
Answer: A
A person convicted to serve 6 years
imprisonment would be classified as
what kind of prisoner?

A. Municipal prisoner
B. Insular prisoner
C. Provincial prisoner
D. Detention prisoner

Answer: B
It is one of the forerunners of modern
correctional system wherein they confine
the prisoners in single cell at night but allow
them to work during the day.
A. Auburn system
B. Pennsylvania system
C. Elmira reformatory
D. None of the above

Answer: A
It is an institution intended to detain
or house political offenders.

A. Iwahig Penal farm

B. Davao Penal Farm
C. San Ramon Prison and Penal farm
D. Sablayan Prison Farm

Answer: C
It is the temporary suspension in
the execution of sentence?
A. Pardon
B. Appeal
C. Commutation
D. Reprieve

Answer: D
It is the deduction of the term of
imprisonment due to the convict’s
good behavior while serving his
sentence?
A. Special time allowance
B. Parole
C. Good conduct time allowance
D. Probation
Answer: C
A writ ordering the confinement of a
person in penal institution.

A. Detention order
B. Commitment order
C. Warrant of arrest
D. None of the above
Answer: B
Who grants probation?

A. Probation officer
B. Solicitor general
C. Court
D. All of the above
Answer: C
 Where the application for probation
should be filed?
A. Board of Pardons and Parole
B. Office of the Solicitor General
C. Trial court
D. Appellate court

Answer: C
The court shall resolve the
application for probation for _.

A. Not later than 60 days

B. Within 10 days
C. Within 5 days
D. Within 15 days

Answer: D
Pending the submission of the investigation
report, the defendant may be allowed on
temporary liberty through_.
A. Release on recognizance
B. Bail
C. Manifestation
D. Cash bond
Answer: A
Probation shall be denied if the
court finds that?
A. The offender is in need of correctional treatment
B. There is undue risk that during the period of
probation the offender will commit another crime
C. Probation will depreciate the seriousness of the
offense committed.
D. All of the above
Answer: D
The probationer and his probation
program shall be under the control
and supervision of ___?
A. Probation officer
B. Board of pardons and parole
C. Court
D. All of the above

Answer: C
Is the denial of probation appealable

A. It depends on the violation

B. Yes
C. No
D. Partially No

Answer: C
Who shall have the control over the
probationer once the latter is permitted to
reside under the jurisdiction of another
court?
A. Regional Director
B. Executive judge of the municipal court
C. Executive Judge of the first instance
D. Appellate court

Answer: C
Patricial Cornweel was sentenced to
serve an imprisonment of six months,
how many years would be the duration
of his probation?
A. One year
B. Two years
C. Shall not exceed two years
D. Shall not be more than six years
Answer: C
What is the effect of the termination
of probation?

A. Erase criminal records

B. Operate to restore civil rights lost or
suspended as a result of conviction
C. Both A and B
D. None of the above
Answer: B
Probation aids shall have the term in
office for ___?

A. 3 years
B. 1 year
C. 2 years
D. 4 years
Answer: C
Ideal number of days for proper
classification of newly convicted
offenders at the RDC?
A.45 days
B.30 days
C.60 days
D.15 days
Answer: C
Place wherein a newly convicted prisoner is
housed for at least a minimum period of 5 days to
ten days for the conduct of medical examination,
vaccination, x-rays to prevent physical
contamination
A. Reception diagnostic center
B. Medical center
C. Quarantine unit
D. None of the above
Answer: C
A code which provides “an eye for an
eye, a tooth for a tooth.”
A. Code of Babylon
B. Code of Kalantiaw
C. Hammurabi code
D. Bible

Answer: C
A French word meaning “word of
honor”.

A. Pardon
B. Probation
C. Parole
D. Amnesty

Answer: C
Refers to those who are confined in
correctional facilities awaiting verdict
in their cases

A. Prisoner
B. Detainees
C. Probationer
D. Offender

Answer: B
It is said to be the alternative for jail
confinement in modern penology.

A. Amnesty
B. Parole
C. Probation
D. Pardon
Answer: C
He advocated the Irish system which is
considered by many as one of the most
famous contributor to the reformatory
movement.
A. Z.R. Brockway
B. Alexander Macanochie
C. Ceasar Lombroso
D. Walter Crofton

Answer: D
He is the father of probation in the
Philippines

A. Ferdinand Marcos
B. Manuel Roxas
C. Teodulo Natividad
D. Ramon Bagatsing Sr.
Answer: C
A Boston shoemaker who advocated in
behalf of alcoholic and youthful offenders
and known as the father of probation.
A. Mathew Davenport Hill
B. Edward Savage
C. John Augustus
D. Alexander Rice

Answer: C
He is the first appointed probation
officer in the world.
A. Hans Gross
B. Edward Savage
C. John Augustus
D. Benjamin Franklin

Answer: B
 It serves as the basis in granting
probation to qualified applicants.

A. Post Investigation Report

B. Pre Sentence Investigation report
C. Admission report
D. Post Sentence Investigation Report

Answer: D
After receiving the PSIR, within how
many days must a judge decide whether
to grant or deny the application for
probation.
A. 5 days
B. 15 days
C. 30 days
D. 60 days
Answer: B
Under the Indeterminate Sentence Law,
who acts as the chairman of the Board
of Pardons and Parole?
A. PNP Chief
B. DILG Secretary
C. DOJ Secretary
D. Chief Executive

Answer: C
Operation conducted by the BJMP
where a prisoner maybe checked at
anytime.

A. Search and seizure

B. Confiscation
C. Inspection
D. Operation greyhound

Answer: D
These are long, narrow, single
decked ships propelled by sails,
usually rowed by criminals.

A. Hulks
B. Ships of criminals
C. Galleys
D. none of the above
Answer: C
What is the standard ratio in
escorting a non- bailable inmate?
A. One is to one security officer
B. One is to three security officers
C. One is to two plus one security officers
D. One is to one plus one security officer

Answer: D
 Offenders who are committed to the jail or
prison in order to serve their sentence after
final conviction of a competent court is
known as ?
A. Detention prisoner
B. Sentenced prisoner
C. Provincial prisoner
D. National prisoner
Answer: B
Penology came from the latin word
“poena” which means

A. Conviction
B. Pain and suffering
C. Punishment
D. Deterrence
Answer: B
When different crimes should be
punished with different penalties,
punishment should therefore be
A. Correctional
B. Legal
C. Productive of suffering
D. Commensurate with the offense
Answer: D
An institution for the imprisonment
of persons convicted of major
offenses refers to

A. Jail
B. Prison
C. Penitentiary
D. All of the above

Answer: B
Imprisonment for a term of 6 years 1
day to 12 years

A. Prision correccional
B. Reclusion temporal
C. Arresto mayor
D. Prision mayor
Answer: D
A criminal can seek refuge in a church in
order to avoid punishment in a period of
ninety days. This refers to?

A.Refuge
B.Securing sanctuary
C.Hidden church
D.Claiming penitentiary
Answer: B
 This were the former warships used to
house prisoners in the 18th century and
19th century as means of relieving
congestion of prisones refers to
A. Galleys
B. Hulks
C. Gaols
D. Warships

Answer: B
In the ancient times, who were
commonly subjected to harsh
punishments?
A. Middle class
B. Black people
C. Slaves
D. Any of the above

Answer: C
Offenders who were convicted should
be kept away from the society for its
protection. This is frequently called as
A. Incapacitation
B. Deterrence
C. Penalization
D. Rehabilitation

Answer: A
What code specified punishment
according to the social class of the
offenders?
A. Greek Code of Draco
B. Justinian Code
C. Burgundian Code
D. Akadian Code

Answer: C
The establishment of the usefulness and
responsibility of the offender as a productive
individual is a punishment justified by

A. Expiation
B. Rehabilitation
C. Atonement
D. Retribution

Answer: B
The penalty of banishing a person from the
place where he committed a crime refers to
what contemporary forms of punishment

A. Atonement
B. Destierro
C. Exile
D. Incapacitation

Answer: B
The early Roman place of
confinement which was built under the
main sewer of Rome in 64 BC refers
to
A. Town Gates
B. Wulnut Street Jail
C. Bridewell Workhouse
D. Mamertime Prison
Answer: D
What was the most popular workhouse
in London which was built for the
employment of English prisoners?
A. Borstal prison
B. Panoptican prison
C. Elmira reformatory
D. None of the above
Answer: D
Which branch takes charge of the
preparation of the daily menu, prepares
and cooks food and serve to inmates?
A. General Service Branch
B. Mess Service Branch
C. Budget and Finance Brach
D. Property and Supply Branch

Answer: B
The unit where the prisoner is given thorough
physical examination including blood test, x-rays,
vaccinations and immunity for the purpose of
insuring that the prisoner is not suffering from
contagious disease?
A. Rehabilitation Unit
B. Quarantine Cell
C. Medical and Health Center
D. RDC

Answer: B
What law was passed during the
Aquino administration that renamed the
Bureau of Prisons to Bureau of
Corrections?
A. E.O. 292
B. E.O. 229
C. A.O 262
D. E.O. 222
Answer: A
Who appoints the Director of Prisons
who shall be the Head of the Bureau?
A. Chief BJMP
B. Sec. of DILG
C. Chief Executive
D. Sec. of DOJ

Answer: C
What agency has supervision and
control over all the national prisons
or penitentiaries?
A. Bureau of Prisons
B. Bureau of Correction
C. Bureau of Jail
D. None of the above
Answer: B
Which of the following statements is not
true?
A. Provincial Jails in the Philippines are under
the jurisdiction of the DOJ
B. Provincial Jails are managed and controlled
by the provincial government
C. The jail bureau controls the administration
and supervision of all jails nationwide
D. The BJMP is under the DILG
Answer: A
Who appoints jail Sr. Superintendent?

A.Chief Executive
B.DILG Sec
C.Chief BJMP
D.Chief of BUCOR

Answer: B
Who appoints the Chief Inspector
as warden?
A. DILG sec
B. Chief Executive
C. Chief BJMP
D. Chief of BuCor

Answer: C
It is a kind of early form of punishment
where prisoners are shipped or
moved from one place to another for
the purpose of cheap labor.

a. Ostracism
b. Banishment
c. Transportation
d. Exile

Ans. C
Justice according to the Supreme Court is
symbolically represented by a blindfolded
woman holding a sword and with a balance,
meaning it is?

a. Administered with respect to persons

b. Administered without respect to persons,
equality to poor and the rich
c. Administered without respect to persons.
Equality to poor people
d. Administered with respect to persons, Equality
and Treatment

Ans. D
Which agency is responsible for the
custody and rehabilitation of youthful
offenders?

a. Philippine National Police

b. Bureau of Jail Management and
Penology
c. Department of Social Welfare and
Development
d. Juvenile Justice Welfare Commission

Ans. C
Thank you……

and God Bless…..

……“….Ask and you shall receive…..”