procedure wherein a translator or team of professional translators interpret a document previously translated into another language back to the original language. BACK TRANSLATION •Comparison of a back translation to the original text is sometimes used as a quality check on the original translation. AN ANALOGY WITH MATH • Mathematics also use the back calculation method to check their operations. If a mathematical operation is successful, we should be able to do it back-to-front to return to the original number. There is a case of back translation by Mark Twain of one of his own novels. As he felt insulted by a journalist who translated badly his novel The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras Country into French. The following may be helpful tips in back translating. A back translation should be done by a professional translator and edited by a second professional. A comparison of the back translation with the original document should focus on the “differences that matter.” Ignore “differences that do not matter” Source text ambiguities may arise that should be resolved by the author of the original source text. Original Source Premium (of an Text: insurance policy) English to Spanish Prima Translation: Spanish to English Female cousin back translation: Original Source Water penetration Text: English to Chinese 水渗透 Translation: Chinese to English Water permeates back translation: Original Source Physician Text: English to Spanish medico Translation: Spanish to English doctor back translation: Genes are tiny things you Original Source Text: can’t see that tell your body how to grow. Ang mga hene ay ang mga maliliit na bagay na English to Tagalog hindi mo nakikita at Translation: nagdidikta kung paano (grow) ang iyong katawan. Genes are the small things Tagalog to English that you do not see and back translation: dictates how your body grow. The unauthorized Original Source Text: employee and supervisor were fired. El empleado no English to Spanish autorizado y su Translation: supervisor fueron despedidos. The unauthorized Spanish to English back employee and his translation: supervisor were fired.