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Lecture 2
Evolution of Computing
During the Last Lecture …
To learn about the steps that took us from Babbage’s idea of the Analytical Engine to
today’s ultra-smart hand held computers
But first, why should we spend time on
recounting the events of the past
Why?
If you do not learn from the history, your condemned to repeat
it
Was crank-driven
So far no one has built a computer that can pass that test – there is cash prize of
US$100,000
Terminal
Human
Terminal
Interrogator
Machine
on its own
Turing Test
The interrogator’s task is to find out which of the two candidates is the machine,
and which is the human only by asking them questions. If the machine can "fool"
the interrogator, it passes the “Turing Test”.
Vacuum Tube - 1904
Attanasoff-Berry Computer
Provided faster access to programs and data as compared with magnetic tape
Compiler - 1951
Grace Hopper of US Navy develops the very first high-level language compiler
Before the invention of this compiler, developing a computer program was tedious
and prone to errors
Did not become popular until 1983, when Apple Computers adopted the
concept
ARPANET - 1969
A network of networks
Cost $397
1989 – At the European Center for Nuclear Energy Research (CERN) in Geneva
1993 - The 1st major browser “Mosaic” was developed at the National Center for
Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
Deep Blue -vs- Kasparov - 1997
1. Mechanical computing
2. Electro-mechanical computing
4. Transistor computing
(the current state-of the-art)
5. Quantum computing
Quantum
Mechanics
QUANTUM MECHANICS is the branch of
physics which describes the activity of
subatomic particles, i.e. the particles that
make up atoms
What is he next major Milestone?
http://www.mat.ucm.es/catedramdeguzman/drupal/si
tes/default/files/mguzman/01historias/haciaelfuturo
/Burgos090900/quantumcomputingSciAmer/0698gers
henfeld.html
What have we learnt today?
Focus of the Next Lecture