NATURE OF RESEARCH

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
 MEANING OF RESEARCH
In college, you involve yourself in varied school
activities such as academic contests, sports fests,
elocution contest, music festivals, college week
celebrations, art
exhibits, research work, debate competitions, and
many more. All of these activities are aimed to let
you develop a well-rounded personality. But one or
two of them gave
emphasis in honing a particular ability (e.g., making
 MEANING OF RESEARCH
One school activity that every college student has to
excel in is research. This is a hallmark of a university or
college education. Your research abilities reflect the
quality of your school. If you graduate from a school with
superb knowledge of research work, you can tell yourself
that, “I am a product of a quality college or university.”
Hence, the greatness of a higher education institution
depends on how knowledgeable its faculty and students
are about the ins and outs of research; more so, on the
application
 MEANING OF RESEARCH
Research is a process of executing various mental
acts for discovering and examining facts and
information to prove the accuracy or truthfulness of
your claims or conclusions about the topic of your
research. Research requires you to
inquire or investigate about your chosen research
topic by asking questions that will make you engage
yourself in top-level thinking strategies of interpreting,
analyzing,
synthesizing, criticizing, appreciating, or creating to
 MEANING OF RESEARCH
Research is analogous to inquiry, in that, both
involve investigation of something through
questioning. However, the meaning of research is
more complicated than
inquiry because it does not center mainly on raising
questions about the topic, but also on carrying out a
particular order of research stages. Each stage of the
research process is not an individual task because the
knowledge you obtain through eachstage comes not
only from yourself but other people as well. Thus,
 MEANING OF RESEARCH
Central to research is your way of discovering
new knowledge, applying knowledge in various
ways as well as seeing relationships of ideas,
events, and situations. Research then puts you in a
context where a problem exists. You have to
collect facts or information, study such data, and
come up with a solution to the problem based on
the results of your analysis. It is a process
requiring you to work logically or systematically
 CHARACTERRISTICS OF RESEARCH

4. Relevance. Its topic must be instrumental in

improving society or in solving problems affecting
the lives of people in a community.
5. Clarity. It must succeed in expressing its central
point or discoveries by using simple, direct,
concise, and correct language.
6. Systematic. It must take place in an organized
or orderly manner.
 PURPOSES OF RESEARCH

1. To learn how to work independently

2. To learn how to work scientifically or
systematically
3. To have an in-depth knowledge of something
4. To elevate your mental abilities by letting you
think in higher-order thinking strategies (HOTS) of
inferring, evaluating, synthesizing, appreciating,
applying, and creating
 PURPOSES OF RESEARCH

5. To improve your reading and writing skills

6. To be familiar with the basic tools of research
and the various techniques of gathering data and
of presenting research findings
7. To free yourself, to a certain extent, from the
domination or strong influence of a single textbook
or of the professor’s lone viewpoint or spoon
feeding
 TYPES OF RESEARCH

1. Based on Application of Research Method

Is the research applied to theoretical or practical
issues? If it deals with concepts, principles, or
abstract things, it is a pure research. This type of
research aims to increase your knowledge about
something. However, if your
intention is to apply your chosen research to
societal problems or issues, finding ways to make
positive changes in society, you call your research,
 TYPES OF RESEARCH

2. Based on Purpose of the Research

Depending on your objective or goal in conducting
research, you do any of these types of research:
descriptive, correlational, explanatory, exploratory,
or action.
 TYPES OF RESEARCH
Descriptive Research – This type of research
aims at defining or giving a verbal portrayal or
picture of a person, thing, event, group, situation,
etc. This is liable to repeated research because its
topic relates itself only
to a certain period or a limited number of years.
Based on the results of your descriptive studies
about a subject, you develop the inclination of
conducting further studies on such topic.
 TYPES OF RESEARCH

Correlational Research – A correlational research

shows relationships or connectedness of two factors,
circumstances, or agents called variables that affect the
research. It is only concerned in indicating the existence
of a relationship, not the causes and ways of the
development of such relationship.
Explanatory Research – This type of research
elaborates or explains not just the reasons behind the
relationship of two factors, but also the ways by which
such relationship exists.
 TYPES OF RESEARCH
Exploratory Research – An exploratory
research’s purpose is to find out how reasonable or
possible it is to conduct a research study on a
certain topic. Here, you will discover ideas on
topics that could trigger your interest
in conducting research studies.
Action Research – This type of research studies
an ongoing practice of aschool, organization,
community, or institution for the purpose of
 TYPES OF RESEARCH
3. Based on Types of Data Needed
The kind of data you want to work on reflects whether
you wish to do a quantitative or a qualitative research.
Qualitative research requires non-numerical data, which
means that the research uses words rather than numbers
to express the results, the inquiry, or investigation about
people’s thoughts, beliefs, feelings, views, and lifestyles
regarding the object of the study. These opinionated
answers from people are not measurable; so, verbal
language is the right way to express
 TYPES OF RESEARCH
Meanwhile, quantitative research involves measurement of
data. Thus, it presents research findings referring to the
number or frequency of something in numerical forms (i.e.,
using percentages, fractions, numbers).
The data you deal with in research are either primary or
secondary data. Primary data are obtained through direct
observation or contact with people, objects, artifacts,
paintings, etc. Primary data are new and original information
resulting from your sensory experience. However, if such
data have already been written about or reported on and are
 APPROACHES TO RESEARCH

After choosing your topic for research, what is

your next move? In other words, how are you
going to approach or begin your research, deal
with your data, and establish a connection among
all things or activities involved in your research?
There are three approaches that you can choose
from.
 APPROACHES TO RESEARCH
The first is the scientific or positive approach, in
which you discover and measure information as
well as observe and control variables in an
impersonal manner. It
allows control of variables. Therefore, the data
gathering techniques appropriate for this approach
are structured interviews, questionnaires, and
observational checklists.
Data given by these techniques are expressed
 APPROACHES TO RESEARCH
The second approach is the naturalistic approach. In
contrast to the scientific approach that uses numbers
to express data, the naturalistic approach uses words.
This research approach directs you to deal with
qualitative data that speak of how people behave
toward their surroundings. These are non-numerical
data that express truths about the way people
perceive or understand the world. Since people look
at their world in a subjective or personal basis in an
uncontrolled or unstructured
 APPROACHES TO RESEARCH
Is it possible to plan your research activities based
on these two approaches? Combining these two
approaches in designing your research leads you to
the third one,
called triangulation approach. In this case, you are
free to gather and analyze data using multiple
methods, allowing you to combine or mix up
research approaches, research types, data gathering,
and data analysis techniques. Triangulation approach
gives you the opportunity to view every angle of the
NATURE OF RESEARCH

ACTIVITY NO.2
 NATURE OF RESEARCH

Activity 2
Directions: Do the following activities:
1. Identify the specific type of research for each
given topic by entering the letter of the research
type in the correct column. Likewise, below the
letter representing your answer, write the
importance of such research in your day-to-day
life.
 NATURE OF RESEARCH

Identify the specific type of research for each

given topic by entering the letter of the research
type in the correct column. Likewise, below the
letter representing your answer, write the
importance of such research in your day-to-day
life.
 NATURE OF RESEARCH

ACTION PURE APPLIED DESCRIPTIV EXPLANATORY CORRELATIO

E N
 NATURE OF RESEARCH

a. Theory of Relativity
b. University Belt Street Foods
c. Landline vs. Cellphone
d. Reasons Behind Tuition Fee Increases
e. Manila Flash Flood Solutions
f. College Assessment Practices
 NATURE OF RESEARCH

g. Critical Thinking and Creative Thinking in

Learning-Teaching Situations
h. The Why and How of Internet Use
i. Effects of Korean Telenovelas on Filipino TV
Viewers
j. Digital Age
k. Teaching Through PowerPoint Presentations
l. Archimedes’ Principle of Buoyancy