BASIC CONCEPTS OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT

*Definition of Personality and

Personality Development
*Theories of Personality
*The Self in Various Perspectives
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ATIS, Niann L.
Reporter
August 31, 2019

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What is personality?

What is personality development?

When you look at yourself in the‘- mirror what

do you see? Your ideal self or actual self?

Can you say that your personality has been

fully developed at this time in your life?
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Personality
- is broadly described as the characteristic patterns of
thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make a person unique.
In plain English, it is what while some external factors can
influence how certain traits are expressed, personality
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originates within the individual. While a few as makes you you.
Researchers have found aspects of personality may change
as we grow older, personality also tends to remain fairly
consistent throughout life. Personalities is the sum total of
individual’s psychological traits, characteristics, motives,
habits, attitudes, beliefs and outlooks.
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 Personality Determinants

Hereditary
 physical structure
 facial attractiveness
 gender
 temperament
Environment
 culture
 muscle composition and reflexes
 energy level ‘-  norms
 other influences
 biological rhythms

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Personality Development
- is the conscious pursuit of personal growth by expanding self-
awareness and knowledge and improving personal skills. It covers
activities that improve awareness and identity, develop talents and
potential, build human capital and facilitate ‘-
employability, enhance
the quality of life and contribute to the realization of dreams and
aspirations. It is a lifelong process. It is a way for people to assess
their skills and qualities, consider their aims in life and set goals in
order to realize and maximize their potential.

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 Personality Development

Basic motivation to
improve yourself Better yourself out of
inspiration or even desperation

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Journey of personal growth

Self-acceptance

Self-awareness
Make the unconscious conscious

Self-conditioning
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 The
Dominant
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Hand
Activity
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Personality Theories
Biological Theories
- suggest that genetics are responsible for personality. In the
classic nature versus nurture debate, the biological theories of
personality side with nature.
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- research on heritability suggests that there is a link between
genetics and personality traits. Twin studies are often used to
investigate which traits might be linked to genetics versus those
that might be linked to environmental variables. For example,
researchers might look at differences and similarities in the
personalities of twins reared together versus those who are raised
apart.

Hans Eysenck

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Behavioral Theories
- suggest that personality is a result of interaction between the individual and the environment.
Behavioral theorists study observable and measurable behaviors, rejecting theories that take
internal thoughts, moods, and feelings play a part as these cannot be measured.
- according to behavioral theorists, conditioning (predictable behavioral responses) occurs
through interactions with our environment which ultimately shape our personalities.

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B.F. Skinner John B. Watson

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Psychodynamic Theories
- theories of personality that are heavily influenced by the work of Sigmund Freud and
emphasize the influence of the unconscious mind and childhood experiences on personality.
These theories include Freud's psychosexual stage theory and Erik Erikson's stages of
psychosocial development.
- Freud believed the three components of personality were the id, ego, and superego. The id is
responsible for needs and urges, while the superego regulates ideals and morals. The ego, in
‘- Freud suggested that children
turns, moderates the demands of the id, superego, and reality.
progress through a series of stages in which the id's energy is focused on different erogenous
zones.
- Erikson also believed that personality progressed through a series of stages, with certain
conflicts arising at each stage. Success in any stage depends on successfully overcoming
these conflicts.

Sigmund Freud Erik Erikson

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Humanist Theories
- theories emphasize the importance of free will and individual experience in the development
of personality. Humanist theorists include Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
- these theorists promote the concept of self-actualization, which is the innate need for
personal growth and the ways that personal growth motivates behavior.
- Rogers called healthy individuals fully-functioning, describing these individuals as those who
are open to experience, live in the moment, trust their own ‘- judgment, feel free and are
creative.

Carl Rogers Abraham Maslow

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Trait Theories
- approach is one of the most prominent areas within personality psychology. According to these
theories, personality is made up of a number of broad traits. A trait is a relatively stable
characteristic that causes an individual to behave in certain ways. It is essentially the psychological
"blueprint" that informs behavioral patterns.
- some of the best-known trait theories include Eysenck's three-dimension theory and the five-
factor theory of personality.
- Eysenck utilized personality questionnaires to collect data from participants
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statistical technique known as factor analysis to analyze the results. Eysenck concluded that there
were three major dimensions of personality: extroversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism (related
to things such as aggression, empathy, and sociability).
- later researchers suggested that there are five broad dimensions that make up a person's
personalities, often referred to as the Big 5 theory of personality. The Big 5 theory suggests that all
personalities can be characterized by five major personality dimensions: openness,
conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism, collectively referred to by the
acronym OCEAN.

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Do You Truly Know Yourself Activity

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The Self from Various Perspectives

* Philosophical Perspectives

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* Sociological and Anthropological Perspectives

* Psychological Perspectives

* Western and Eastern Thoughts

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Philosophical Perspective

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Sociological Perspective
- study of how memberships of social groups, from families through schools to workplaces, influences
people’s behavior.

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Anthropological Perspective

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Psychological Perspective

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Western and Eastern Thoughts Perspective

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TRAITS FOR BUILDING POSITIVE PERSONALITY :
1. Accept Responsibility 16. Be dependable and practice loyalty
2. Show Consideration 17. Avoid bearing grudges
3. Think Win-Win 18. Practice honesty, Integrity and Sincerity
4. Choose your Words Carefully
19. Practice Humility
5. Never Criticize, Complain and Condemn
20. Be Understanding and Caring
6. Smile and Be Kind
7. Put Positive Interpretation on other People’s Behavior 21. Practice Courtesy on Daily Basis
8. Be a Good Listener ‘-
22.Develop a Sense of Humor:
9. Be Enthusiastic 23. Don’t be Sarcastic and Put Others Down
10. Give honest and Sincere Appreciation 24. To Have a Friend be a Friend
11. When you Make a Mistake, Accept It and Make it 25. Show Empathy
Easy to Amend
12. Discuss but Don’t Argue
13. Don’t Gossip
14. Turn your Promises into Commitment
15. Be Grateful but Do Not Expect Gratitude
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 “Until you make
the unconscious conscious,
it will direct your life
and you will call it fate.”
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~ Carl Gustav Jung

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