ROCKS AND MINERAL

RESOURCES
REPRESENTED BY:ARFJJ
 Introduction :
1. VOLCANOES
2. FAULT LINE AND TRENCHES
3. ROCK FORMATIONS
4. MINERAL RESOURCES
What is a volcano?
A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as
Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a
magma chamberbelow the surface
A Volcano creates or forms rock such as igneous,sedimentary and
metamorphic rocks with the use of extreme heat and pressure

What are the two types of volcanoes?

INACTIVE VOLCANO(ES)
ACTIVE VOLCANO(ES)
Active Volcano(es)
is a volcano that had atleast one eruption during the past 10,
000 years.An active volcano might be erupting or dormant

TAAL VOLCANO MAYON VOLCANO

Inactive Volcano(es)
Volcanoes with no record of eruptions are considered as extinct or
inactive. Their physical form since their last activity has been
altered by agents of weathering and erosion with the formation of
deep and long gullies.

MALEPUNYO MT. RANGE

 WHAT IS FAULT LINE AND TRENCHES?

• In geology the fault line is a fracture or a discontinuity in the planet’s surface

along which movement and displacement takes place. , the largest of which
takes place at the plate boundaries
A trench is a type of excavation or depression in the ground that is deeper than
it is wide (as opposed to a wider gully, or ditch), and narrow compared with its
length (as opposed to a simple hole).
 ROCK FORMATIONS

A rock formation is an isolated, scenic, or spectacular surface rock outcrop. Rock

formations are usually the result of weathering and erosion sculpting the existing
rock. The term 'rock formation' can also refer to specific sedimentary strata or other
rock unit in stratigraphic and petrologic studies.

rock can be created in any rock type or combination

Igneous rocks
Metamorphic rocks
Sedimentary rocks
 Igneous rocks
are created when molten rock cools and solidifies, with or without crystallization. They
may be either plutonic bodies or volcanic extrusives. Again, erosive forces sculpt their
current forms.
Metamorphic rocks
is a result of a transformation of a pre-
existing rock. The original rock is subjected to
very high heat and pressure, which cause
obvious physical and/or chemical changes.
Examples of these rock types include marble,
slate, gneiss, schist.
 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

is one of the three main rock

groups (along with igneous and
metamorphic rocks) and is
formed in four main ways: by
the deposition of the weathered
remains of other rocks (known
as 'clastic' sedimentary rocks);
by the accumulation and the
consolidation of sediments; by
the deposition of the results of
biogenic activity; and by
precipitation from solution
MINERAL RESOURCES
Mineral resources are non-
renewable and include metals (e.g.
iron, copper, and aluminum), and
non-metals (e.g. salt, gypsum, clay,
sand, phosphates)
 IRON
Iron is a chemical element
with symbol Fe (from Latin:
ferrum) and atomic
number 26. It is a metal in
the first transition series. It
is by mass the most
common element on Earth,
forming much of Earth's
outer and inner core.
 COPPER
The origins of its name unknown.
Copper is one of the first metals to
be used, largely because it occurs in
metallic form at the surface. By
4000 B.C., it was being smelted
from ores in Israel and other parts of
the Middle East. Copper is a
malleable, ductile reddish metal,
and is one of only two strongly
colored metals (gold being the other)
 ALUMINUM
Aluminum is the most abundant
metal element in the Earth’s crust.
Bauxite ore is the main source of
aluminum and contains the
aluminum minerals gibbsite,
boehmite, and diaspore. Because it
is a mixture of minerals, bauxite
itself is a rock, not a mineral.
Bauxite is reddish-brown, white, tan,
and tan-yellow. It is dull to earthy in
luster and can look like clay or soil.
 SALT
Salt is a mineral composed primarily
of sodium chloride (NaCl), a
chemical compound belonging to
the larger class of salts; salt in its
natural form as a crystalline mineral
is known as rock salt or halite.
 CLAY
Clay minerals are the
characteristic minerals of
the earths near surface
environments. They form
in soils and sediments,
and by diagenetic and
hydrothermal alteration of
rocks
 SAND
Mineral sands are old beach
sands that contain
concentrations of the important
minerals, rutile, ilmenite, zircon
and monazite. These minerals
are heavy and are also called
'heavy minerals'. The relative
density of common sand
minerals such as quartz is
around 2.65.
I.Identification GOODLUCK:>

Answer the following questions below:

1. are essential natural occuring materials or
commodity found on or in the earth in such small
amounts which are mined for their potential uses.
2. is a chem.element which symbol FE/Ferrum
3. is an isolated,scenic,or spectacular surface
rock outcrop.
4,5,6. Give the 3 kinds of rocks
7. is a type of excavation or depression in the
ground that is deeper than it iswide
8. is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass
object, such as Earth
9. is a type of volcano that has no record of
eruptions and considered as extinct
10. is a type of volcano that had atleast one
eruption during the past 10,000 years
RECITATION...who answered right will have a
prize...so goodluck..
11.Where do most volcanoesoccur?
a) along the equator b) on the ocean floor
c) on land d) over hotspots
12.What does “active” mean when used to refer volcano?
a)dormant b)strato
c)sleeping d) composite
13.Rocks are created when cools and solidifies,with or
without crystallization.
a)Sedimentary b)Igneous c)Metamorphic
14.Is a result of transformation of a preexisting rock.
a)Sedimentary b)Igneous c) Metamorphic
15. Is the most abundant metal element in the Earth’s crust.
a) Clay b)Aluminum c)Copper
ANSWERS

1. MINERAL RESOURCES
2. IRON
3. ROCK FORMATION
4.Igneous Rocks
5.Metamorphic Rocks
6.Sedimentary Rocks
7.Trench
8.Volcano(es)
9.Inactive Volcano
10.Active Volcano
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING
EAGLESTgV