Determining Class Interval

The size of each class into which a range of a

variable is divided, as represented by the division of
a histogram or bar chart
The number of classes for a frequency distribution
table varies from 5-10 depending on the number of
observations in the data set.
 Rules suggested to get Class Interval

Rule 1. To determine the number of classes is to use the

smallest positive integer 𝑘 such that 2𝑘 ≥ 𝑛, where 𝑛 is the
total number of observations.
𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝐻𝐿 − 𝐿𝑉
Suggested Class Interval = =
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑘

Where: 𝐻𝑉 = Highest value in a Data

L𝑉 = Lowest value in a Data
𝑘 = Lowest value in a Data
𝑖 = Lowest value in a Data
 Rules suggested to get Class Interval

• Rule 2. Another way to determine the class interval is by

applying the formula below.
𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒
Suggested Class Interval =
1 + 3.322(𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑠)
Grouped Frequency Distribution

Example 1. SJS Traveling Agency, a nationwide local travel

agency, offers special rates on summer period.
The owner wants additional information on
the ages of those people taking travel tours. A
random sample of 50 customers taking travel
tours last summer revealed these ages.
Construct a frequency distribution using 2𝑘 Rule and Determine the ff.
a. Range e. Percentages
b. Interval f. Cumulative frequencies
c. Class limit g. Midpoints
d. Relative Frequencies
Step 1. Arrange the raw data in ascending or descending order
Step 1. Arrange the raw data in ascending or descending order
Step 2. Determine the classes
 Find the highest and lowest value
𝐻𝑉 = 77 and 𝐿𝑉 = 18
 Find the range
𝑅 = 59

59
Suggested Class Interval =
1 + 3.322(𝑙𝑜𝑔50)

= 8.88 ≈ 9
Step 2. Determine the classes
 Find the highest and lowest value
𝐻𝑉 = 77 and 𝐿𝑉 = 18
 Find the range
𝑅 = 59

59
Suggested Class Interval =
1 + 3.322(𝑙𝑜𝑔50)

= 8.88 ≈ 9
8.88 ≈ 9
 𝑖= 9

Class Limits
72-80

63-71
54-62
45-53
36-44
27-35
18-26
 𝑖= 9

Class Limits
72-80

63-71
54-62
45-53
36-44
27-35
18-26
 Step 3. Tally the raw DATA
Class Limits Tally
72-80 II
63-71 IIII I
54-62 IIII IIII I
45-53 IIII IIII IIII
36-44 IIII IIII
27-35 IIII
18-26 III
 Step 4.
3. Tally into
the raw
frequency
DATA
Class Limits Tally frequency
72-80 II 2
63-71 IIII I 6
54-62 IIII IIII I 11
45-53 IIII IIII IIII 13
36-44 IIII IIII 9
27-35 IIII 5
18-26 III 3
 Step 5. Determine the 𝒓𝒇 and Percentage
Class Limits Tally frequency rf Percentage
72-80 II 2 0.04 4
63-71 IIII I 6 0.12 12
54-62 IIII IIII I 11 0.22 22
45-53 IIII IIII IIII 14 0.28 28
36-44 IIII IIII 9 0.18 18
27-35 IIII 5 0.1 10
18-26 III 3 0.06 6
Total 50 1.0 100
 Step 5. Determine the 𝒓𝒇 and Percentage
Class Limits Tally frequency rf Percentage
72-80 II 2 0.04 4
63-71 IIII I 6 0.12 12
54-62 IIII IIII I 11 0.22 22
45-53 IIII IIII IIII 14 0.28 28
36-44 IIII IIII 9 0.18 18
27-35 IIII 5 0.1 10
18-26 III 3 0.06 6
Total 50 1.0 100
 Step 5. Determine the 𝒓𝒇 and Percentage
Class Limits Tally frequency Percentage
72-80 II 2 4
63-71 IIII I 6 12
54-62 IIII IIII I 11 22
45-53 IIII IIII IIII 14 28
36-44 IIII IIII 9 18
27-35 IIII 5 10
18-26 III 3 6
Total 50 100
 Step 5. Determine the 𝒓𝒇 and Percentage
Class Limits Tally frequency Percentage
72-80 II 2 4
63-71 IIII I 6 12
54-62 IIII IIII I 11 22
45-53 IIII IIII IIII 14 28
36-44 IIII IIII 9 18
27-35 IIII 5 10
18-26 III 3 6
Total 50 100
 5. Determine the 𝒄𝒇
Step 6. 𝒓𝒇 and Midpoint
Percentage
Class Limits Tally frequency Percentage cf Midpoint
72-80 II 2 4 50 76
63-71 IIII I 6 12 48 67
54-62 IIII IIII I 11 22 42 58
45-53 IIII IIII IIII 14 28 31 49
36-44 IIII IIII 9 18 17 40
27-35 IIII 5 10 8 31
18-26 III 3 6 3 22
Total 50 100