CONTENT

 OBJECTIVE & SCOPE

 LITREATURE REVIEW
 INTRODUCTION
 METHODOLOGY
 CONCLUSION AS PER STUDIED LITREATURE
 REFERENCE
MAINTAINANCE OF FLEXIBLE
PAVEMENT USING WASTE
PLASTIC.
 INTRODUCTION
 A material that contains one or more organic polymers of large molecular weight, solid in its
finished state and at some state while manufacturing or processing into finished articles, can be
shaped by its flow, is called as ‘Plastic’. Plastics are durable and degrade very slowly; the chemical
bonds that make plastic so durable make it equally resistant to natural processes of degradation.
Plastics can be divided in to two major categories: thermoses and thermoplastics.

 A thermoset solidifies or “sets” irreversibly when heated. They are useful for their durability and
strength, and are therefore used primarily in automobiles and construction applications. These
plastics are polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyoxymethylene, polytetrafluorethylene,
and polyethylene terephthalate. A thermoplastic softens when exposed to heat and returns to
original condition at room temperature.

 Thermoplastics can easily be shaped and molded into products such as milk jugs, floor coverings,
credit cards, and carpet fibers. These plastic types are known as phenolic, melamine, unsaturated
polyester, epoxy resin, silicone, and polyurethane.
 Use of plastic along with the bitumen in construction of roads not only increases its life and smoothness but also makes it economically
sound and environment friendly. Plastic waste is used as modifier of bitumen to improve some of bitumen properties Roads that are
constructed using plastic waste are known as Plastic Roads and are found to perform better compared to those constructed with
conventional bitumen.

 Further it has been found that such roads were not subjected to stripping when come in contact with water. Use of higher percentage of
plastic waste reduces the need of bitumen by 10%. It also increases the strength and performance of the road.

 Plastic increases the melting point of bitumen and hence missing can be done in more better and easier way. According to Dr. R.
Vasudevan, Dean ECA and Professor, Department of Chemistry, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai, plastic waste replaces 10%
to 15% of bitumen, and thereby saves approximately Rs.35000 to Rs.45000 per kilometre of a road stretch.

 Inclusion of plastic waste in road construction eliminates the plastic shrinkage cracking of road surface and reduces the drying
shrinkage to some extent. The uses of plastic waste helps in substantially improving the abrasion and slip resistance of flexible pavement
and also allows to obtain values of splitting tensile strength satisfied the specified limits while plastic waste content is beyond 30% by
weight mix.

 If the consistent mixing time and mixing temperature are not provided for bitumen– modifier mix, modified bitumen cannot exhibit
good performance in situ, thus premature failures will occur. Therefore, there are certain recommended mixing time, mixing temperature
and modifier content for all the polymers with a trademark. This all should be taken in mind while missing and laying of roads is to be
done using plastic waste.

 Plastic road would be a boon for India. In hot and extremely humid climate durable and eco-friendly plastic roads are of greatest
advantages. This will also help in reliving the earth from all type of plastic waste.
 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
 1. To safeguard environment by utilizing waste plastic.
 2. To reduce the cost of construction of highway pavement.
 3. To eliminate the process of curing.
 4. Decrease the setting time of pavement.
 5. Make the pavement block water resistant.
 6. Made the pavement block light in weight.
 7. Replace cement by bitumen and plastic.
 8. Strength comparison between plastic paving block and normal paving block.
 9. Cost comparison between plastic pavement and normal pavement.
 SCOPE

 Economic in terms of bitumen: The shredded plastic in form of polymer covers the
aggregates and thus occupies a larger portion of the road reducing the quantity of bitumen
needed.
 Efficient management of non-biodegradable waste: Plastic is a harmful and non-
biodegradable waste responsible mainly for land pollution. Utilizing it for road construction
will result in its efficient management.
 Easy process without any new machinery: It is a simple and easy technique which does not
involve any complex or new machinery.
 Enhanced durability: The addition of plastic to bitumen will help in improving the strength
and durability of the pavement.
LITERATURE REVIEW
 This project forms a part of research and solves two major problems of solid waste
management and the formation of port holes on road due to excessive traffic and axle load.
 The study examines the effect of blending waste HDPE and polypropylene in conventional C-
20 graded bitumen at various plastic composition.
 The plastic are shredded and blended with the bitumen in-situ with shear mixer at 160*c to
170*c .
 Basic parameter such as ring and softening point and viscosity test were employed to
determine the resulting changes from the base bitumen.
 The properties of the unmodified bitumen were found to be enhanced with the changes
recorded in the rheological properties of the polymer modified bitumen.
 It was observed that polypropylene polymer showed profound effect on homogeneity and
compatibility with slight linear increment in viscosity and softening and penetration values as
against relatively high changes for HDPE modified bitumen.
METHODOLOGY
Waste plastic is made powder and varying percent plastic is mixed with bitumen. Plastic increase the melting point of the bitumen
and makes the road flexible during winters resulting in its long life. By mixing plastic with bitumen the brittleness overcomes and
elastic nature enhances. The plastic waste is melted and mixed with bitumen in a particular ratio. There are two important processes
used for bitumen mix flexible pavement, they are
(i) Dry process
(ii) Wet process
Dry Process: For the flexible pavement, hot stone aggregate (170°C) is mixed with hot bitumen (160°C) and the mix is used for road
laying. The aggregate is chosen on the basis of its strength, porosity and moisture absorption capacity as per IS coding. The bitumen
is chosen on the basis of its binding property, penetration value and viscous-elastic property. The aggregate, when coated with plastics
improved its quality with respect to voids, moisture absorption and soundness.

PLASTIC COATED
AGGREGATES HOT AGGREGATES AAGREGATE(WASTE
PLASTIC ADDED)

PLASTIC COATED
AGGREGATES
ROAD LAYING AT
BUTIMEN
120C
MIXTURE(HOT
BITUMEN)
 In this process the shredded plastics are poured over the heated aggregates, thus forming plastic coated aggregates which are
then mixed with hot bitumen to form plastic coated aggregate bitumen mixture for laying roads. The coating of plastic decreases
the porosity and helps to improve the quality of the aggregate and its performance in the flexible pavement.

Wet Process: These are the method used for formation of polymer based modified bitumen, in which the waste polymer
directly added with bitumen and heated upto temperature of 1700C so that proper blend is to be formed with proper dispersion of
waste polymer into bitumen, then the hot mix is then cooled upto 1200C into another chamber, which is then added to the
aggregate in paddling chamber. The mix is to be cooled because when hot mix poured on aggregate then there are chances to form
air pocket into small gap of aggregate and chances in lower the strength of rods and chances of rutting of roads. After addition of
modified bitumen at 1100C on aggregate, it is then laid on the road and then spreader material is compacted by 8 ton roller.

REACTOR(BI POLYMER WASTE

EFFECTIVEL
TUMEN + BITUMEN
Y STIRRED
POLYMER BLEND(COOL UP
MIXTURE
WASTE 170C) TO 120C)

LAID ON
THE ROAD
AT 120C
1. This help to recycle the waste plastic materials and hence cure
the problem of disposal of plastic waste.
2. Addition of plastic will enhance the strength and properties of
road .
3. It will reduce the cost of maintenance of the road.
4. Helps in proper disposal of wasted plastic materials .
5. The innovative technology will a boon to Indian hot humid
climate and it is eco friendly and economical.
6. It will increase the durability of road.
7. The titanium-dioxide is a strength is smoke absorbent material
will absorb smoke from vehicles.
 CONCLUSION
 Polymer Modified Bitumen is used due to its better performance. In the modified process (dry process) plastic
waste is coated over aggregate.
 This helps to have better binding of bitumen with the plastic-waste coated aggregate due to increased bonding and
increased area of contact between polymer and bitumen.
 The polymer coating also reduces the voids. This prevents the moisture absorption and oxidation of bitumen by
entrapped air. This has resulted in reduced rutting, ravelling, and there is no pothole formation. The road can
withstand heavy traffic and show better durability.
 The use of the innovative technology will not only strengthen the road construction but will also increase the road
life as well as help to improve the environment and will also create a source of income.
 REFERENCES
 [1] Vasudevan R., Nigam S.K., Velkennedy R., Ramalinga Chandra Sekar A., Sundarakannan B. “Utilization of Waste
Polymers for Flexible Pavement and Easy Disposal of Waste Polymers”, International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste
Management, 5 - 7, Chennai, India pp-105-111, 2007.
 [2] Justo C.E.G., Veeraragavan A “Utilization of Waste Plastic Bags in Bituminous Mix for Improved Performance of Roads”,
Centre for Transportation Engineering, Bangalore University, Bangalore, India, 2002.
 [3] Niraj D. Bariaya, “Use of waste rubber tyres in constructions of bituminous roads-An Overview”, International Journal of
Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management (IJAIEM) , Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2013 ISSN 2319 – 4847.
 [4] Tentative Guidelines On Use Of Polymer And Rubber Modified And Bitumen In Road Construction, IRC:SP:53:1999.
 [5] Vasudevan, R., Utilization of waste plastics for flexible pavement, Indian Highways Indian RoadCongress, Vol. 34, No.7,
2006.
 [6] 40 Tonnes of plastic waste each day, Times Of India, Chennai Edition.
 [7] Shukla, R.S. and Jain, P.K., Improvement of waxy bitumen by the addition of synthetic rubbers, polymers and resins.
Highway Res.Bull., 1984, 38, 17:28 (Indian Roads Congress, Delhi).
 [8] Partha Chakroborty & Animesh Das, “Principles Of Transportation Engineering”, Published by Asoke K. hosh, Prentice-
Hall of India Private Limited, 2005.