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    Încărcat de

    Amulya Murarisetty
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    Introduction to front end

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    18 vizualizări29 pagini

    Front End

    Încărcat de

    Amulya Murarisetty
    Introduction to front end

    Drepturi de autor:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Descărcați ca PPTX, PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
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    din 29

    HTML FUNDAMENTALS

    HTML ELEMENTS
    HTML elements are categorized in to the following
    types:
    – Root
    – Metadata
    – Section
    – Heading
    – Flow
    – Phrasing
    – Embedded
    – Interactive
    Root elements
    • Root elements represents the main or tarring
    elements that should be present in all HTML
    documents.
    • HTML element should be the first element after the
    <!DOCTYPE HTML> and with in which other HTML
    elements are specified.
    METADATA ELEMENTS
    • Used to set the presentation or behavior of the
    remaining content of the document
    • Can also be used to set a relationship of a document
    with other documents
    • Following are the metadata elements:
    – Title
    – Base
    – Link
    – Script
    – Style
    • Title
    – Contains the title of HTML document
    – Appears in the title bar of the web browser
    – Must present inside head element
    • Base
    – Used to specify a default URL and target for all the links in an HTML
    document.
    – Must present in head element
    – Should be used as the first element in the head element
    Attributes:
    Href: specifies a url in a HTML document
    Target: specifies the location where the links of an HTML document to
    open
    Values that can be assigned to target attribute: _blank,_top
    Usage:
    <head>
    <base href=“url” target=“value”/>
    </head>
    • Link
    – Used to link an HTML document to other HTML
    documents.
    – Also specifies the relationship between two different
    HTML documents.
    Attributes:
    Href: specifies target url which you wish to navigate to after
    clicking a link.
    Rel: specifies the relationship between the HTML document and
    the target url or another HTML document. the value that can be
    commonly assigned to rel is style sheet.
    Type: the mime-type, text/javascript or text/css
    Usage:
    <head>
    <link href=“filename.css” rel=“stylesheet”/>
    </head>
    • Script
    – Used to declare a script such as java script, with in an
    HTML document.
    – Contains scripting elements
    Attributes:
    Src: specifies the url of a file that contains the script.
    Usage:
    <head>
    <script type=“text/javascript:>
    script code here
    </script>
    </head>
    • style
    – Used to declare the style sheets with in the HTML
    document
    – Specifies how the HTML elements are rendered in a
    browser.
    Attributes
    Type: specifies the type of content such as simple text or style sheet
    generally type=“text/css”
    Usage:
    <head>
    <style type=“text/css”>
    style code here
    </style>
    </head>
    Section elements
    • Body
    • Section
    • Nav
    • Article
    • Aside
    • Header
    • Footer
    • Address
    • Body
    – Contains the main content of the document.
    – Placed after the closing tag of the head element.
    Usage:
    <HTML>
    <HEAD>
    </HEAD>
    <BODY>
    Content of the HTML document
    </BODY>
    </HTML>
    • Section element:
    – Represent the generic section of an HTML document or
    application.
    – Groups the related content of HTML document.
    – Contain header and footer.
    Usage:
    <SECTION>
    <H1> HTML 5 </H1>
    <p> example of the SECTION element </p>
    </SECTION>
    • Nav element:
    – Newly introduced in HTML 5.
    – Navigate from one HTML page to another.
    – Displaces a group of links on an HTML document.
    Usage:
    <NAV>
    <H1> Navigation </H1>
    <UL>
    <LI> <A href= “articles.Html”> Articles</A> </LI>
    <LI> <A href= “today.Html”> Today’s to do list </A> </LI>
    </UL>
    </NAV>
    • Article Element:
    – Newly introduced to HTML 5.
    – contains information about an HTML page.
    Such as title and date of it’s creation.
    – Display the information in this element in various formats
    Such as news article, a blog post, user’s comment
    sections.
    Usage:
    <ARTICLE>
    <HEADER>
    Some heading content
    </HEADER>
    <P> Some article content </P>
    </ARTICLE>
    • Aside Element:
    – Create a section used to display information about the
    content of other elements.
    Such as time and date, current news and weather report.
    Usage:
    <BODY>
    <HEADER>
    <H1> Article Heading </H1>
    <P> Article content </P>
    </HEADER>
    <Aside>
    Enter some content related to the article.
    </Aside>
    </BODY>
    • Header Element:
    – Newly introduced to HTML 5.
    – Provide the introductory content of an HTML page.
    – Header elements contain headings ,paragraphs ,links and other content.
    Usage:
    <HEADER>
    <H1> Heading level 1 </H1>
    <A href= “url”> Section element </A>
    <NAV>
    <UL>
    <LI> <A href = “articles.html”> Articles</A>
    <LI> <A href = “discussions.html”> discussions</A>
    <LI> <A href = “download.html”> download</A>
    </UL>
    </NAV>
    <HEADER>
    • Footer Element:
    – Represents the footer.
    – Contains various types of information such as links and
    copyright data related to the document or a section of
    the document.
    Usage:
    <FOOTER>
    <UL>
    <LI> HOME </LI>
    <LI> LINKS </LI>
    <LI> ABOUT </LI>
    </UL>
    </FOOTER>
    • Address Element:
    – Normally defined at the header or footer of the HTML page.
    – Display the content information for a document or part of
    document.
    – Such content information may include.
    Name’s of the document’s owner.
    Maintainer’s email address for feedback.
    Postal address and phone numbers.
    Content of this element appears in italics of the web- browser.
    Usage:
    <ADDRESS>
    <A href = “Andrson.html”> Mathew Andrson </A>
    <A href = “Dave.html”> Matt dave </A>
    Contacts persons for the <A href =“Activity.html”>W3schools
    </A>
    </ADDRESS>
    HEADING ELEMENTS
    • Used to provide different heading levels in HTML
    documents.
    • Used to create head lines of a text
    • Defined as < Hn >, where n ranges from 1 to 6.
    • All the heading elements can be grouped with the
    help of Hgroup element.
    FLOW ELEMENTS
    • Used in the body of the HTML document.
    • Contains almost all the elements of HTML that are
    used to display different type of content such as
    plain text, links, images, audio and video in the
    HTML document.
    • List of Flow elements

    A ABBR ADDRESS ARTICLE ASIDE AUDIO B


    BR BUTTON CANVAS DIV EM FIGURE FIGCAPTION
    FOOTER FORM H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6 HEADER HGROUP
    HR I IFRAME IMG INPUT LABEL NAV OL P PRE SCRIPT
    SECTION SELECT SMALL SPAN STRONG STYLE SUB
    SUP SVG TABLE TEXTAREA UL VIDEO
    PHRASING ELEMENTS
    • used to represent the text of the HTML document.

    • Used to markup the HTML document text with in


    the paragraphs of the document.
    List of Phrasing Elements:
    A SMALL
    ABBRSPAN
    AUDIO STRONG
    B SUB
    BRSUP
    BUTTON TEXTAREA
    CANVASVIDEO ETC.
    EM
    I
    IFRAME
    IMG
    LABEL
    EMBEDDED ELEMENTS
    • used to import content from other sources in to the
    HTML document.
    List of Embedded elements:
    AUDIO CANVAS
    EMBED IFRAME IMG VIDEO etc.
    INTERACTIVE ELEMENTS
    • intended for user interaction
    List of Interactive elements:
    A
    AUDIO
    BUTTON
    DETAILS
    EMBED
    IFRAME IMG LABEL TEXTAREA VIDEO etc.
    WORKING WITH TEXT
    Physical style
    • B, I, SMALL, Sub, Sup
    Logical Style
    • ABBR, CODE, SAMPL, KDB, EM, STRONG, Q,
    BLOCKQUOTE, INS, DEL, VAR, BDO
    WORKING WITH TEXT attributes
    • Class- Indicates the class name of an element
    • Dir- indicates the direction of text such as, left-to-
    right or right-to-left
    • Id- indicates an unique id of an element
    • Lang-indicates language code for the content in an
    element
    • Style- indicate the inline style for an element
    • Title- specifies a title for an element
    ORGANIZING TEXT IN HTML

    • Breaks / Wordbreaks
    • Pre tag- preformatted text
    • Div element
    • Span element
    • Table
    – Tr, th, td tags and border, Rowspan, colspan attributes
    • Lists
    – Unordered
    – Ordered
    – Description lists
    – Nested lists
    WORKING WITH LINKS AND URLS
    • A – anchor tag
    – Href
    – target attributes
    – Target attribute values
    _blank Opens the linked document in a new window or tab
    _self Opens the linked document in the same frame as it was clicked (this is default)
    _parent Opens the linked document in the parent frame
    _top Opens the linked document in the full body of the window
    Framename Opens the linked document in a named frame

    – Id attribute:
    – Linking to a mail system:
    CREATING TABLES
    • Col- this is used to define properties of each column
    separately.
    • Colgroup-applying style to group of columns
    • Tbody- it is used to group the rows of a table and is
    use in conjunction with thead and tfoot elements.
    • Thead-used to define the header for the table.
    • Tfoot- used to define the footer for the table.
    • Tr-defines row of a table.
    • Td-defines cell of a table.
    • Th-defines column of a table.

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