HISTORICAL

BACKGROUND OF
I/O PSYCHOLOGY
Industrial Psychology
 Also referred to as personnel psychology.
 Its concerns are personnel and human resource
management.

Organizational Psychology
 Studies the behaviour of people in organizations such as
businesses.
 Examines the social and group influences of the
organization.
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
 According to Blum and Naylor, I/O Psychology is defined
as “simply the application or extension of psychological
facts and principles to the problem concerning human
beings operating within the context of business and
industry.”
 Applies the principles of psychology in the workplace.
 Examines the factors that affect people in the
organization.
 Fields of I/O Psychology

1. Selection and Placement

 Concerned with developing methods for the
selection, placement, and promotion of
employees.
 Concerned with identifying jobs that are most
compatible with an individual’s skills and
interests.
2. Training and Development
 Concerned with identifying employees’ skills
that need to be enhanced to improve job
performance.
 Designs ways in determining whether training
and development programs have been
successful.
3. Organizational Development
Is the process of analyzing the
structure of an organization to
maximize the satisfaction and
effectiveness of individuals, work,
group, and customer.
4. Performance Appraisal
Is the process of identifying
the criteria or standards for
determining how well
employees are performing
their jobs.
5. Quality of Worklife
 I/O psychologists who work in this field are
concerned with factors that contribute to
a healthy and productive workforce.
 Redesigning jobs to make it more
meaningful and satisfying on the people
performing the job.
6. Ergonomics
It is concerned with designing
tools, equipment, and
machines that are compatible
with human skills.
 MAJOR Fields of I/O Psychology

 Personnel Psychology
 Analyzing jobs, recruiting applicants, selecting
employees, determining salary levels, training
employees, and evaluating performance.
 Assigning monetary values to each position.
 Construct performance-appraisal instrument to
evaluate employee performance.
 Organizational Psychology
 Are concerned with the issues of leadership, job
satisfaction, employee motivation, organizational
communication, conflict management,
organizational change, and group processes
within the organization.
 The field of study that investigates the behavior
of employees within the context of an
organization.
 Human Factors / Ergonomics
 Concentrate on workplace design, human-
machine interaction, ergonomics, and physical
fatigue and stress.
 Frequently works with engineers and other
professionals to make the workplace safer and
more efficient.
 Selection & Placement

Personnel Psychology Training & Development

Performance Appraisal

Organizational Psychology Organizational Development

Quality of Worklife
Human Factors
Ergonomics
 Differences of I/O and Business Programs
 The application of psychological principles such as
learning, motivation, and emotion to satisfy
employees.
 It examines the factors that affect people in an
organization.
 Relies extensively on research, quantitative
methods, and testing techniques.
ACTIVITY # 1
Research on the different
problems encountered in the
specific fields of I/O in the
Philippine setting.