Realidades 3 The Present Perfect • In English we form the present perfect tense by combining have or has with the past participle of a verb: he has seen, have you tried?, they haven’t eaten. The Present Perfect • To form the past participle of a verb in Spanish, you add -ado to the stem of -ar verbs and -ido to the stem of most -er/-ir verbs. The Present Perfect • To form the present perfect tense, we combine this past participle with the present tense of the verb haber. The Present Perfect • We generally use the Spanish present perfect in the same way we use its English equivalent. The Present Perfect I have rented We have rented
You have rented
He, She It They have rented
has rented The Present Perfect he alquilado hemos alquilado
has alquilado habéis alquilado
ha alquilado han alquilado
The Present Perfect I have chosen We have chosen
You have chosen
He, She It They have chosen
has chosen The Present Perfect he escogido hemos escogido
has escogido habéis escogido
ha escogido han escogido
The Present Perfect I have decided We have decided
You have decided
He, She It They have decided
has decided The Present Perfect he decidido hemos decidido
has decidido habéis decidido
ha decidido han decidido
The Present Perfect • No he reparado la bicicleta todavía. • I haven’t repaired the bicycle yet. The Present Perfect • ¿Qué trabajos has tenido? • What jobs have you had? The Present Perfect • Notice that when the past participle is used with forms of haber, the final -o never changes. The Present Perfect • Ricardo ha grabado su película favorita. • Sus hermanos han grabado una telenovela. The Present Perfect • Certain verbs that have a double vowel in the infinitive form (except those with the double vowel ui ) require an accent mark on the i in the past participle. The Present Perfect • Caer caído • Leer leído • Oír oído • Creer creído • Traer traído • Reír reído The Present Perfect • Notice that we place no and other negative words, object pronouns, and reflexive pronouns directly in front of the form of the verb haber. The Present Perfect • Has alquilado esa película alguna vez? • No, no la he alquilado nunca. The Present Perfect • Some verbs have irregular past participles. • Memorize this acronym: • REVV MAC PHDD R roto Romper E escrito Escribir V visto Ver V vuelto Volver
M muerto Morir A abierto Abrir C cubierto Cubrir
P puesto Poner H hecho Hacer D dicho Decir D devuelto Devolver