LESSON 2 Part

IV
THE SEXUAL
SELF
2. Genital Herpes This is a sexually transmitted
infection caused by a large family of viruses of
different strains. These strains produce other non-
sexually transmitted diseases such as chicken pox
and mononucleosis.

3. Genital Warts This is an STI caused by the human

papillomavirus genital warts are very contagious
and are the most commonly acquired STI in the
United States in the 15 to 24 year old age group.
4. Gonorrhea This is a sexually transmitted infection
caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae which
thrives in the moist mucous membranes linings of the
mouth, throat, vagina, cervix, urethra, and the anal
tract. Symptoms for males are discharge from the penis
and burning sensations during urination. For females,
sometimes imitating vaginal discharge. Complication for
males may include prostate, bladder and kidney
problems as well as sterility. For females, it may lead to
infertility.
5. Syphilis This is a sexually transmitted infection
caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, a
spirochete If left untreated, syphilis may progress
through four phases: Primary (chancre sores appear
Secondary (general skin rashes occur), latent (a period
that can last for several years with no overt symptoms),
and tertiary (cardiovascular disease, blindness,
paralysis, skin ulcers, liver damage, mental problem
and even death may occur).
6. Chlamydia This is one of the most common sexually
transmitted infections, named for Chlamydia
trachomatis, an organism that spreads through sexual
contact and infects the genital organs of both sexes!
Many females with chlamydia are asymptomatic.
Although they can occur without sexual contact, urinary
tract or bladder infection and vaginal yeast infection are
common among sexually active females (Santrock,
2014).
METHODS OF CONTRACEPTION (ARTIFICIAL AND NATURAL)

In 1930 the first mainstream Christian sect--the

Angelican Church ---officially permitted certain
forms of birth control. Nowadays, some religions,
including the Roman Catholic Church, a few
Protestant denominations, and many Hindus
condemn the use of contraception. Contraceptives
are medicines and other devices that are used to
prevent unwanted pregnancy.
1. Hormonal method of contraception (prevents the
release of an egg or ovulation)

a. Oral contraceptives (Pills) - These are daily oral

contraceptives. Some contain estrogen and progestogen;
others are progestin only and is over 99% effective if used
according to instructions.

b. The patch - it is a small patch you stick on to the skin that

releases estrogen and progestogen. It stops ovulation and is
over 99 percent effective if used according to instructions.
c. The ring - The contraceptives vaginal ring is a small plastic
ring a women insert into her vagina every month and
releases hormones to stop ovulation it is over 99 percent
effective if used appropriately based on the instructions.

d. Implants - The contraceptive implant is a small flexible

rod that is place under the skin of the upper arm by a
health professional and releases progestogen to stop
ovulation.

e. Injectable. The contraceptive injection which is a long –

acting reversible contraception does not depend on you
taking it daily and is more than 99 per cent effective
2. Barrier methods (methods that physically or
chemically block the term from reaching an egg and
provide a barrier between direct skin to skin contacts)

a. Diaphragm - it is a soft dome made of latex or

stone and is used with spermicide. It is put into
the vagina to cover the cerya and is 92 to 96 per
cent effective when used correctly.
b. Cervical Caps - These are similar to the
diaphragm, though they are generally always
made of silicone. They are put into the vagina
to cover the cervix and are 92 to 96 per cent
effective when used correctly.
c. Male and Female Condoms or spermicides
- Male condom made up of thin latex put over
the penis to stop the sperm from entering vagina.
It is 98% effective when used exactly according to
instructions. The female condom is made of thin
polyurethane that loosely lines the vagina and
stops sperm from entering. It is 95% effective if
properly used.
 3. Behavioral Methods

a. Rhythm or Calendar Method - In a way to

determine woman most fertile and infertitetimes
by charting the menstrual cycle also known as
natural family planning or fertility awareness.

b. Abstinence or celibacy – It refer to the

avoidance of sexual Intercourse.
c. Outercourse - it is a sexual activity that does
not include the insertion of the penis into the
vagina.

d. Withdrawal (Latin - coitus interruptus) - It

happens when a man removes his penis from the
vagina and ejaculates outside of the woman's
body.
4. Sterilization (procedures that make an individual permanently incapable
of conceiving or fertilizing a partner)

a.Tubal ligation / sterilization - It is the surgery for woman in

which fallopian tubes are tied to prevent eggs from travelling
to the uterus so a woman cannot get pregnant.

b. Vasectomy - It is an operation in which the surgeon makes a

small cut in the upper part of the scrotum then ties or blocks
the vas deferens. Men can still have orgasm or ejaculation after
the operation
5. Intrauterine Device (IUD) . It is a small device that
is placed in the uterus by a doctor to prevent
pregnancy.

6. Emergency Contraception (EC) - It is an measure

that protects against pregnancy after unprotected
sex has already occurred. It could be through IUD or
higher dosage of pills (Rosenthal, 2013).
THANK YOU