ELECTROMAGNETIC

ELEVATOR
AIM

 Toconstruct an electromagnetic
elevator.
APPARATUS REQUIRED

 Steel ring
 Insulated Copper wires
 Aluminium tin
 Regulator
 Power source
ABOUT THIS EXPERIMENT…..

 In this experiment we will be attempting to

levitate a aluminium tin can(which is the
elevator) by using the principle of
electromagnetic induction.
 First let us know what is levitation…….
 WHAT IS LEVITATION ?

 Levitation is the process by which an object is held aloft,

without mechanical support, in a stable position.
 Levitation is accomplished by providing an upward force that
counteracts the pull of gravity (in relation to gravity on earth),
plus a smaller stabilizing force that pushes the object toward a
home position whenever it is a small distance away from that
home position. The force can be a fundamental force such as
magnetic or electrostatic, or it can be a reactive force such as
optical, buoyant, aerodynamic, or hydrodynamic.
 Levitation excludes floating at the surface of a liquid because
the liquid provides direct mechanical support. Levitation
excludes hovering flight by insects, hummingbirds, helicopters,
rockets, and balloons because the object provides its own
counter-gravity force.
PRINCIPLE

 Electromagnetic elevator works on the

principle of levitation based on
electromagnetic induction.
 Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction
according to which the amount of voltage
induced in a coil is proportional to the number
of turns and the changing magnetic field of the
coil.
 e = N × dΦdt
ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

 The induction of an electromotive force by

the motion of a conductor across a magnetic
field or by a change in magnetic flux in a
magnetic field is called ‘Electromagnetic
Induction’.
 This either happens when a conductor is set
in a moving magnetic field or when a
conductor is always moving in a stationary
magnetic field.
EDDY CURRENTS

 Eddy currents (also called Foucault's currents) are loops of electrical

current induced within conductors by a changing magnetic field in the
conductor according to Faraday's law of induction. Eddy currents flow
in closed loops within conductors, in planes perpendicular to the
magnetic field.
CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING

 A steel ring of diameter 4.5 cm is taken. A copper coil is wound over

the steel ring in clockwise direction horizontal to the plane.
 When an AC current is passed through the coil a varying magnetic field
is generated due to electromagnetic induction.
 Now an aluminium tin is brought above the copper wounded steel ring
;eddy current is induced inside the aluminium tin due to varying
magnetic field.
 This eddy current produces another magnetic field whose direction is
opposite to the magnetic field induced by the coil and thus a
repulsion is produced.
 Since the repulsion is not balanced we introduce another steel ring of
diameter 3cm inside the other ring.
 The winding of coil in the inner steel ring is perpendicular to the
winding in the outer ring.
 Thereby a balance in magnetic field is produced , hence we obtain a
proper upward motion of the aluminium tin.
ADVANTAGES OF ELECTROMAGNETIC
ELEVATOR
 In ordinary lifts metal ropes have to be maintained in a
period of time.Since there are no ropes in magnetic
lifts,such maintenance can be avoided.
 There is less friction due to no contact between the pulley
and the suspension rope.
 It is much quieter than the conventional elevators.
 Aluminium is more reliable and cheap,thus the investment
for aluminium cabin is less.