A NATOMY : BONES

CHANEL GREEN
8 TH G R A D E B I O L O G Y C L A S S
M A D I S O N G R AC E H I G H S C H O O L
LESSON PLAN :

• Objective : learning about the different bones that make up our skeletal system and their
function to support out body
• Activity : worksheet to help you understand the different ways that you can do to help protect
and take care of your bones
DEFINITION :

• Bone is the substance that forms the skeleton of the body. It is composed chiefly of calcium
phosphate and calcium carbonate. It also serves as a storage area for calcium, playing a large
role in calcium balance in the blood.
• The 206 bones in the body serve several other purposes. They support and protect internal
organs (for example, the skull protects the brain and the ribs protect the lungs). Muscles pull
against bones to make the body move. Bone marrow, the soft, spongy tissue in the center of
many bones, makes and stores blood cells.
LONG BONE
Helps to facilitate movement and
support the weight of the body.
Long bones are characterized by a
long tubular shaft and an articular
surface at each end of the bone
where ligaments and tendons
attach. These bones include the
major bones of the arms and legs
such as the humerus and femur,
tibia and fibula, and the radius and
ulna.
S H O RT B O N E
Helps to provide stability and
movement within the ankle and
wrist joints. They provide little to
no movement. Short bones are
roughly cube shaped and are as
long as they are wide. Examples of
this type of bone include the
carpals and metacarpals in the
wrists and ankles.
F L AT B O N E :
Flat bones are bones whose
principal function is either
extensive protection or the
provision of broad surfaces for
muscular attachment. These bones
are expanded into broad, flat
plates, as in the cranium (skull), the
ilium (pelvis), sternum and the rib
cage.
IRREGULAR BONE:
These types of bones vary in size
and structure with the shape
usually being very complex.
Irregular bones serve different
functions depending on location.
For example, vertebrae protect the
spinal cord and together make up
the spinal column. Another
example would be the hyoid bone
which helps to maintain tracheal
and pharyngeal support.
SESAMOID BONE
The function of this bone is to
protect tendons and diminish
friction and wear on joint surfaces.
This type of bone is usually small
and round and is found in the
hands, feet, and knees. A common
example of a sesamoid bone is the
patella (kneecap)
 11th grade biology worksheet

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