Water Level Indicator

Members:

Talha Umair (ME-1605)

Yasir Anas (ME-1601)
Kabeer Ali (ME-1607)
Umais Hassan (ME-1574)
Overview
• Water flow is a common problem which leads to
the wastage of water.

• So, the water level indicator project is used to

display the information about the level of water
tank by using LED lights.

• As result, water can be preserved.

Circuit Components

• 4 – BC547 transistors
• 1 – IC 555
• 6 – 220 ohm resistors
• 4 – LEDs
• 1 – Buzzer
• 1 – Pump
• 2 – 9v Batteries
Construction:
• We divide the project in two parts with different
circuits:

• 1. Level indicator circuit

• 2. Pump controller circuit

The Indicator Circuit:

• Transistor of NPN type is used as a switch.

• Initially no voltage is applied to the base of the
transistor,so it is in OFF state,so no current is flowing
through collector and emitter.
• As, the water level reaches point A(we can set this point-
starting point as by our needs) pump gets ON. positive
voltage.
• As water starts flowing, when it reaches the respective B
and C points, their respective LEDs glow and we get
awared of the water level.
• When the point D is reached, Buzzer beep is heared as it
indicates the extreme water level in the tank.
• Note that the left most wire in the tank must be lengthier
than other four wires in the tank, because it is connected
to the battery.
• When any other terminal gets dipped, the current passes
through water into that terminal.
Circuit Diagram
Pump Controller Circuit
• The lower level terminal is hooked up to the trigger (2) of
the pin 555 CI. Therefore, the voltage at the 2nd pin is Vcc
while it is inside water.
• When the water level reduces, the second probe is detached
from the water voltage, and the trigger pin gets to be under
Vcc. Then the output of 555 gets high.
• The output 555 is placed on a BC547 transistor, it trggers
the relay coil and also the water pump collectively are
switched on.
• When the water level goes up, the upper level probe is
included in water and the transistor turns OFF. Its
collector voltage is VCE (sat) = 0.2.
• The low voltage on the 4th pinout resets the IC.
Therefore, the output of 555 turns into 0V. Thus the
motor is switched OFF.
 IC 555 Timer
• The 555 timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip)
used in a variety of timers, pulse generation,
oscillator applications. The 555 can be used to
provide time delays, as an oscillator.
• In our system it automatically switches ON and
OFF of the water pump set based on the water
level of the tank.
• It adjusts voltage input to the water pump to
switch ON and off automatically.
• IC 555 timer is main component to water pump
controller circuit.
Circuit Diagram
Advantages of using Pump controller
• Saves Power
• Saves Money
• Saves water
• Works Automatically
• Minimize Human effort
• supply of water on time
• Proper usages of whole system
Project Features
• Easy installation.
• Low maintenance.
• Compact elegant design avoid seepage of roofs
and walls due to overflowing tanks.
• Fully automatic, saves man power.
• Consumes very little energy, ideal for continuous
operation.
• Show clear indication of water level.
• Shows no overflow and dry running of pump
there by saves electricity and water.
Applications
• Fuel level indicator in vehicles.
• Household water tanks.
• Dam reservoirs.
• Huge containers in the Factories.
• River heads.
• Industrial plants.
Any Question?