PC Fundamentals

Presentation 4 – Inside the Computer

Copyright © 2007 Heathkit Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved

 Objectives

At the end of this presentation,

you will be able to:

2
 Discuss precautions that you should take before
and during the disassembly of a computer.
 Discuss Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) and ways
that it can be avoided.
 Identify, disconnect, and reconnect the
computer’s cables and cover.
 Identify the external connectors on a typical
personal computer.
 Identify and explain the purpose of the power
supply.
 Identify the connectors on both the ATX and the
older AT type power supplies. 3
Why Disassemble the Computer?

 To upgrade.
 To repair.
 To add to it.

4
 The three most important things
to remember when disassembling
a computer are:
 Document

 Document

Document!

5
 Document
 Where cards are located.
 How cables are routed.
 Orientation of cables and connectors.
 Hardware used to secure each component.
 Anything else that might cause confusion
when reassembling.

6
Your greatest enemy when working
inside the computer is
Electrostatic Discharge or
ESD.
Your best defense against ESD is
the anti-static wrist strap.

8
An internal resistor provides
shock protection.

99
Switch off power at the computer
and at the workbench...

10
...but leave the computer plugged
in.

11
Use anti-static mats on the
workbench and floor.

12
Hold Circuit Boards by their Edges.

13
 Store Circuit
Boards in Anti-
static Bags.

14
Tips for Disassembly.
Turn off power to the computer and
everything connected to it.
Before Disconnecting the External
Components
Parallel
Mouse Port

Keyboard Monitor
17
Disconnect the monitor and set it
aside.
Disconnect the keyboard and set
it aside.

10101 10101

PS/2 Keyboard Connection 19

 DIN Plug
Keyboard Connection

20
Disconnect the mouse and set it
aside.

10101 10101

PS/2 Mouse Connection

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22
Removing the side panel.

2
3

1
23
Remove these
screws...

24
... not these.

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 1.

2.

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Spreading the sides of the cover will
help it to clear the computer.
28
The Motherboard.

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 The Motherboard may also be
known as the:
 System Board
 Planar Board
 Baseboard

 Main Board
 Logic Board
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The Power Supply.

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Standard Power Supply

32
Power Selection Switch

33
 WARNING!
Hazardous voltages
contained within this
power supply, not user
serviceable. Do not repair.
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Power Supply Connectors

35
Power Supply Output Voltages
ATX-Type
 +5 Volts

 +12 Volts

 -12 Volts

 -5 Volts

 +3.3 Volts
36
ATX 20-pin Power Connector

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20-Pin ATX Power Connector

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 24-Pin ATX Power Connector

Pin 24
Pin 1

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 2X2
Connector

2 X 10 ATX Connector
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 A Second 2 X 2
Motherboard Power
Connector Supplies
Processor Core Power
(+12 Volts)

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Power Supply Output Voltages
AT-Type
 +5 Volts

 +12 Volts

 -12 Volts

 -5 Volts

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Motherboard Power Connectors
Black
Wires

P9 P8

43
Large Molex Connector
Berg Connector
Some connectors are held in
place with a latch.
Grasp the
connector
by the
shell…

Never by
the leads.

47
 PC Fundamentals

End

Copyright © 2007 Heathkit Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved