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SYSTEMS
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REPORTERS FOR TODAY
01 Sewage
02 Sewerage System
Separate System:
In this system two sets of sewers are provided-one for carrying
domestic or sanitary sewage and industrial sewage, and the other for
carrying storm water (or rain water).
Combined System:
In this system only one set of sewers is provided for carrying domestic
or sanitary sewage and industrial sewage as well as storm water (or
rain water).
Pumping
03 Requirement
Uneven
Rainfall
01
Favorable Conditions
Separate System
Time of Laying
09 Sewers
Subsoil
07 Condition Conversion of
10 Existing Sewers
Steep
08 Topography
Gradient of
Sewers
06
Combined System
Combined System
Favorable Conditions
Combined System
Conversion of
04 Existing Storm Water
Sewer
Pumping
02 Requirement
Restriction of
03 Space
Even Rainfall
01
Partially Separated System
Partially Separated System
Advantages: Disadvantages:
(i) It combines the advantages of both (i) The storm water (or rain water) admitted
separate system and combined system. in sewers may increase the load on pumping
(ii) The sewers to be provided are of and treatment units.
reasonable size and hence their cleaning is (ii) During dry weather when there is no rain
not very difficult. water, the velocity of flow will be low. Thus
(iii) The storm water (or rain water) self-cleansing velocity may not be achieved.
eliminates the chances of their choking. (iii) Storm water overflows may be required
Moreover, the sewers are completely to be provided.
cleaned during rainy season.
(iv) The problem of drainage of storm water
(or rain water) from houses is simplified.
Disadvantages of partially separate system
Simple Sewage
Treatment
Process
How Does It
Work?
Treatment Process
Secondary
Pretreatment Treatment
removes all materials that can be easily removes dissolved and
collected from the raw sewage suspended biological matter
Primary Tertiary
Treatment Treatment
consists of temporarily holding sometimes defined as anything more
the sewage in a quiescent basin than primary and secondary treatment
Pretreatment
(1) Reduce formation of heavy used for temporary fat and grease are
deposits storage of diurnal or removed by passing the
wet-weather flow sewage through a small
(2)Reduce the frequency of peaks tank where skimmers
digester cleaning collect the fat floating on
the surface
(3) Protect moving mechanical
equipment from abrasion and
accompanying abnormal wear.
Primary Treatment
In the primary sedimentation stage, sewage flows through large tanks,
commonly called "pre-settling basins", "primary sedimentation tanks" or
"primary clarifiers".
Secondary Treatment
Secondary treatment systems are classified as:
Fixed-Film Suspended-
growth Systems
Tertiary Treatment
Groundwater Treated
10%
58% Contaminated
Sewerage System Conditions
Total Population
5%
3
2. Agricultural
2
wastewater (37%)
4 4. Non-point sources
such as rain and
groundwater run-offs
1 from solid waste or
garbage deposits which
1. Inadequately treated is also known as
domestic wastewater or leachate
sewage (48%)
Waterborne
Diseases
caused by drinking contaminated -
- can cause many types of diarrheal diseases
Cholera, Guinea worm disease, Typhoid, and Dysentery.
Water related diseases cause 3.4 million -
deaths each year.
Existing Sanitation Infrastructures for urban Areas in
the Philippines
REPUBLIC ACT NO.
9275 PHILIPPINE
WATER ACT OF
2004
“AN ACT OF PROVIDING
FOR A COMPREHENSIVE
WATER QUALITY
MANAGEMENT AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES.”
OBJECTIVES
Government Sector
National Water
Resource Board DOST
DENR DILG
BFAR DPWH
Department of
DOH
Agriculture
Roles of Government Sectors and LGUs
1. Clean Up Operations
VZ
2. Support Researches
3. Restore Ecosystem
4. Strategic Programs
5. Improve Sewerage
6. Discharge Permit and Operate Owners
Fines
4. Failure of an Authority
COASTAL CLEAN UP
“ Save the Earth, Our Mother,
Conserve and protect our Water,
Do it now, not Later,
Or We will Suffer, Forever.”
Thank You!