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SEWERAGE

SYSTEMS

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REPORTERS FOR TODAY

JOHN FEL CZARLON CHRISTIAN MIKE


Reporter 1 Reporter 2 Reporter 3 Reporter 4
REPORTERS FOR TODAY

REY MARK SALIC


Reporter 5 Reporter 6
What is…..
Let us define first the basic things you have to learn in this topic

01 Sewage

02 Sewerage System

03 Sewage treatment plants


SEWAGE
is a combination of water and waste
containing organic and inorganic solids
from various establishments
SEWERAGE SYSTEM
are sewer networks for the
collection of waste water from its
point of origin to treatment
SEWAGE TREATMENT
PLANTS
eliminates the harmful contaminants in
a most economical manner prior to the
discharge of water back into the
environment.
Benefits and Consequences

Reduces risk to the public


health and development.
Surroundings will be filled
with sewage in no time
Demand for fresh water
can be reduced
Groundwater sources
will be polluted
Preserves the natural
environment against pollution
Communicable diseases will be
on the high
Energy Production and
Fertilizer Production
Types of Sewerage System:
There are three types of Sewerage System

Separate System:
In this system two sets of sewers are provided-one for carrying
domestic or sanitary sewage and industrial sewage, and the other for
carrying storm water (or rain water).

Combined System:
In this system only one set of sewers is provided for carrying domestic
or sanitary sewage and industrial sewage as well as storm water (or
rain water).

Partially Separated System:


In this system domestic or sanitary sewage and industrial sewage, and the storm
water which is drained from back yards and roofs of houses are carried in the
same set of sewers.
Separate System
Separate System
Favorable Conditions
Separate System
Limitations of
04 Available Funds

Separate Outlets for


Sewage and Storm
Water (or Rain
02 Water) Flat
05 Topography

Pumping
03 Requirement
Uneven
Rainfall
01
Favorable Conditions
Separate System
Time of Laying
09 Sewers

Subsoil
07 Condition Conversion of
10 Existing Sewers

Steep
08 Topography
Gradient of
Sewers
06
Combined System
Combined System
Favorable Conditions
Combined System
Conversion of
04 Existing Storm Water
Sewer

Pumping
02 Requirement

Restriction of
03 Space
Even Rainfall
01
Partially Separated System
Partially Separated System
Advantages: Disadvantages:

(i) It combines the advantages of both (i) The storm water (or rain water) admitted
separate system and combined system. in sewers may increase the load on pumping
(ii) The sewers to be provided are of and treatment units.
reasonable size and hence their cleaning is (ii) During dry weather when there is no rain
not very difficult. water, the velocity of flow will be low. Thus
(iii) The storm water (or rain water) self-cleansing velocity may not be achieved.
eliminates the chances of their choking. (iii) Storm water overflows may be required
Moreover, the sewers are completely to be provided.
cleaned during rainy season.
(iv) The problem of drainage of storm water
(or rain water) from houses is simplified.
Disadvantages of partially separate system
Simple Sewage
Treatment
Process
How Does It
Work?
Treatment Process
Secondary
Pretreatment Treatment
removes all materials that can be easily removes dissolved and
collected from the raw sewage suspended biological matter

Primary Tertiary
Treatment Treatment
consists of temporarily holding sometimes defined as anything more
the sewage in a quiescent basin than primary and secondary treatment
Pretreatment

A. Grit Removal B. Flow C. Fat and Grease


Is necessary to: Equalization Removal

(1) Reduce formation of heavy used for temporary fat and grease are
deposits storage of diurnal or removed by passing the
wet-weather flow sewage through a small
(2)Reduce the frequency of peaks tank where skimmers
digester cleaning collect the fat floating on
the surface
(3) Protect moving mechanical
equipment from abrasion and
accompanying abnormal wear.
Primary Treatment
In the primary sedimentation stage, sewage flows through large tanks,
commonly called "pre-settling basins", "primary sedimentation tanks" or
"primary clarifiers".

Secondary Treatment
Secondary treatment systems are classified as:

Fixed-Film Suspended-
growth Systems
Tertiary Treatment

A. Filtration B. Lagoons or C. Biological


Ponds Nutrient Removal

D. Nitrogen E. Phosphorus F. Disinfection


Removal Removal
Treatment Process
Philippine Sewerage
System Conditions
New/Facts
Sewerage System Conditions
Wastewater

Groundwater Treated
10%

58% Contaminated
Sewerage System Conditions
Total Population

5%

Only 5% of the total population is connected to a


sewer network. The vast majority uses flush toilets
connected to septic tanks
Statistics:

Good Fair Poor


Water Water Water
Quality Quality Quality

47% 40% 13%

Data from the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB), Philippines


showed that out of the 127 freshwater bodies being sampled
Major Sources of Pollution
3. Industrial
wastewater (15%)

3
2. Agricultural
2
wastewater (37%)
4 4. Non-point sources
such as rain and
groundwater run-offs
1 from solid waste or
garbage deposits which
1. Inadequately treated is also known as
domestic wastewater or leachate
sewage (48%)
Waterborne
Diseases
caused by drinking contaminated -
- can cause many types of diarrheal diseases
Cholera, Guinea worm disease, Typhoid, and Dysentery.
Water related diseases cause 3.4 million -
deaths each year.
Existing Sanitation Infrastructures for urban Areas in
the Philippines
REPUBLIC ACT NO.
9275 PHILIPPINE
WATER ACT OF
2004
“AN ACT OF PROVIDING
FOR A COMPREHENSIVE
WATER QUALITY
MANAGEMENT AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES.”
OBJECTIVES
Government Sector

National Water
Resource Board DOST

DENR DILG

BFAR DPWH

Department of
DOH
Agriculture
Roles of Government Sectors and LGUs

1. Clean Up Operations
VZ
2. Support Researches
3. Restore Ecosystem
4. Strategic Programs
5. Improve Sewerage
6. Discharge Permit and Operate Owners
Fines

1. Commit One of the Prohibited Acts

2. Failure to Undertake Clean Up Operations

3. Failure that causes Serious Problems


like Death and Contamination of Water

4. Failure of an Authority
COASTAL CLEAN UP
“ Save the Earth, Our Mother,
Conserve and protect our Water,
Do it now, not Later,
Or We will Suffer, Forever.”
Thank You!

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