Chapter 6-1

All technologies that process, store

and deliver data and information
must be managed as integrated Technology management covered:
systems of organizational
resources …(IRM philosophy)

Managing Network
technologies is management
a primary
responsibility
of the CIO on Advanced
all IT services technology
management
 Continuous
Understanding Recommending
support until The technology
of trends in Evaluating the the high
the technology personnel must
technology of merging potential
is replaced by be employed
hardware and technologies payoffs
new emerging and trained
software technology
technology
 Responsible for
overseeing the quality
Managing the
of the network and
company’s networking Require
telecommunication
access
services in the
organization

Major
commitment of
hardware and
software
Internet, resources
intranets,
extranet, WAN
and LAN The creation of
managerial and
staff positions to
manage their
use
 Managing advanced
technology is to identify,
introduce and monitor the
adaption of new information
system technologies into the It is important to the
organization especially those
with a high payoff potential
organization as it
gives a major impact
on the operations,
costs, management
work environment and
competitive position
A group of senior
SA and IST Will, monitor the
specialist who emerging
report to CIO, technological and identify
called as:
Technology innovative
management developments to
the organization

Emerging
technologies, or

Advanced
technology
group
They work with end-user
managers and information
service management to
introduce new
technologies to the They also audit the
organization
organization’s
current applications
of technology for
improvement
 Major changes and
trends in computer
systems have
occurred and will
continue Early 1950’s
- 1st
generation
computing

Late 1960’s
Computer become smaller, faster - 2nd
more reliable, cheaper to generation
computing
purchase and maintain and more
interconnected within computer
1970’s
networks - 3rd
generation
computing

1980’s and
1990’s - 4th
generation
computing

21st century
- 5th
generation
computing
 Micro computer Midrange Mainframe Supercomputers
systems computer system computer system • Very huge for
• Handheld to fit on a • Midsize general • Large general scientific research
desktop for personal purpose business purpose business
productivity and government
Network computers Portable computers
(thin client) • Notebook computers
• Tablet PCs
• Handheld computers
• PDA
• Pocket PC
• Cell phone
 1st generation - punched
cards and paper tape

2nd generation - punched

cards
The input trend is
moving toward direct
input devices that are
more natural and easy 3rd generation - key to tape
to use and /or disk

4th generation - keyboard

data entry, pointing devices
and optical scanning

5th generation - voice

recognition, touch devices
and handwriting recognition
Terminals which connected to a complete computer system

Keyboard, touchpad, mouse

Speech recognition technology

Digital camera

Scanning devices

Optical data readers:

• optical mark recognition (OMR)
• Optical character recognition (OCR)
Magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) devices

Magnetic stripe card

Point of sale devices

Automated teller machine (ATM) devices

Pen input devices

Touch sensitive screen

Bar code scanners

Radio frequency identification

 1st generation – punched cards,
printed reports and documents

2nd generation – punched

cards, printed reports and
The trends toward documents
direct output methods
that communicate
naturally, quickly, and 3rd generation – printed reports
clearly & documents, and video
displays

4th generation – video displays,

audio responses, printed
reports and documents

5th generation – video displays,

voice responses, hyperlinked
multimedia documents
Display monitors or CRT

Plasma displays

Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs)

Organic Light-emitting Diodes (OLED)

Printers and Plotters

Digital audio player – eg MP3

Data and information must be stored until
needed using variety of storage methods
categorized as primary and secondary
storage
Hard disk

Magnetic tape

Magnetic disks

Redundant array of independent/inexpensive disks (RAID)

Virtual tape

Optical discs eg. Compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM)

Digital video disc

Holographic disc
Attached storage
• storage devices are connected directly to a single
computer

Network attached storage (NAS)

• Storage devices that attach to a network instead
of to a single computer

Storage area network (SAN)

• The technology that provides high-speed
connections between data-storage devices and
computers over a network
Is a program that manage
the hardware, software,
network and data
resources of the
computer system during
its execution of the
various information
processing jobs of users

Operating Systems (DOS/Windows Network Management Programs (Novell

95/NT/2000/XP/Profesional/Vista/2007) Netware/ Windows NT/ IBM OS2)

Other system management program

Database Management System
includes performance monitors and
(Microsoft Access/MySQL/Oracle)
security monitors (Windows NT Server
Personal Workgroup Enterprise
Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows
Vista, XP, Mobile, Server 2003 and Server 2003 and
Automotive, Embedded server 2008 server 2008
Mac OS X Mac OS X Server
UNIX UNIX UNIX
Solaris Solaris Solaris
Linux Linux Linux
Red Hat Linux Red Hat Linux Red Hat Linux
Palm OS Netware
IBM i5/OS and z/OS IBM i5/OS and z/OS
HP-UX 11i HP-UX 11i
 The trends is toward
multipurpose, network
enabled, expert-assisted
packages with natural
language and graphical
user interfaces

1st generation - user 2nd generation – packaged

written programs and programs and symbolic
machine languages languages

4th generation – database

3rd generation – operating
management system, 4th
systems and high level
languages and
languages
microcomputer packages

5th generation – natural &

object oriented languages,
and multipurpose graphic-
interface, network enabled
and expert assisted
packages
Application software
• Is divided into application
specific and general
purpose application
program
System software
• Consists of programs that
manage and support a
computer system and its
information processing
activities

Telecommunications is the
exchange of information in
voice, data, text and images
forms over computer based
networks
The business applications of
telecommunications can be
divided into three major
categories:
• Enterprise collaboration systems
• Electronic commerce system
• Internal business system
Industry trends
• Towards a greater number of
competitive vendors, carriers,
alliances, and network services
Technology trends
• Towards the use of internet and
other open and interconnected
local and global information
superhighway system

Application trends
• Towards the intensive use of the
internet, enterprise intranets and
inter organizational extranets to
support electronic commerce,
enterprise collaboration, online
business operation.